
Class J/, A ^7 




J^n^ra/^ed^ "by Meyer. 



ILABT FAWSMAWlgc 



MEMOIRS 
LADY FANSHAWE, 

WIFE OF 

SIR RICHARD FANSHAWE, BART. 

AMBASSADOR FROM CHARLES THE SECOND 
TO THE COURTS OF PORTUGAL AND MADRID. 



WRITTEN BY HERSELF. 



EXTRACTS FROM THE CORRESPONDENCE 

OF 

SIR RICHARD FANSHAWE. 



NEW EDITION. 



LONDON: 

HENRY COLBURN AND RICHARD BENTLEY, 

NEW BURLINGTON STREET. 

MDCCCXXX. 



■ 1 S 3 ' 



LONDON : 

PRINTED BY SAMUEL BENTLEY 

Dorset Street, Fleet Street. 



I 



PREFACE. 



The following Memoir has been copiously 
quoted in various popular works, accompanied 
by expressions of admiration and regret that 
the Manuscript was allowed to remain inedited. 
To what cause the delay in its appearance 
is to be attributed, it is not requisite to in- 
quire ; and the remarks which are necessary to 
introduce it, will be confined to a notice of the 
principal cl^pas which it possesses to attention. 

The life of that person whose autobiography, 
if written with simplicity and truth, would not 
be both instructive and amusing, must have been 
unusually monotonous, or he must be destitute of 
ability to describe it. The writer who merely 
records what he saw and heard, the various feel- 



IV PREFACE. 

ings by which he was influenced, the conduct of 
those with whom he came in contact, together 
with such anecdotes as occurred or were related 
to him, may rest assured of the approbation and 
gratitude of his readers. 

If this be true of autobiography in general, 
much may be expected from the Memoirs of an 
accomplished and clever woman, the wife of one 
of the most faithful servants of Charles the First 
and Charles the Second, who, after severe suffer- 
ings in the royal cause, in England, Scotland, Ire- 
land, Holland, France, and Spain, became a mem- 
ber of the Privy Council, and Ambassador from 
the last-mentioned monarch to two foreign Courts; 
because she was his constant companion, excepting 
when it was requisite that she should separate 
from him to raise money for the s^port of her 
family, or to enable her husband to fulfil the 
important duties which were confided to him. 

From the day of her marriage until she be- 
came a widow, more than twenty years, her life 
was one scene of activity, privation, or danger. 
The fortitude with which she endured, and the 



PREFACE. V 

heroism with which she surmounted difficulties 
that would have overwhelmed an ordinary mind, 
the firmness she displayed on many trying occa- 
sions, and her ardent loyalty to her sovereign, 
give to the early part of her narrative the 
air of a romance ; but the unquestionable vera- 
city of her statements, her moral courage, and 
above all, her practical, but unassuming piety, 
excite a degree of interest which no romance can 
impart. 

The Memoir was written in the year 1676, 
for the instruction of her only surviving son. Sir 
Richard Fanshawe, then a youth, to whom it is 
addressed. Her style is remarkable for its sim- 
plicity, her advice to her son is sound and excel- 
lent, and whether the Narrative be read for the 
historical inforijpation which it contains, or with 
no higher motive than amusement, it would be 
difficult to name a volume more calculated to af- 
ford gratification. Celebrated as this country is 
for female talent and virtue, there are few with 
whom Lady Fanshawe may not be compared and 
gain by the comparison ; for, besides her literary 



VI PREFACE. 

merits, her conduct presents instances of conjugal 
devotion, of maternal excellence, and of enduring 
fortitude under calamities, which render her a 
bright example to posterity. 

Perhaps in no case could it be more desirable 
that a narrative should be printed precisely as it 
came from the mind of the writer, than in the 
present. The Editor has therefore refrained from 
making any other alteration in the text than to 
modernize the spelling. There is cause to be- 
lieve that the MS. is not so perfect as might 
be wished, as- there are a few evident mistakes 
in dates, the names of persons are sometimes 
mis-spelt, and one or two trifling discrepancies 
occur: of its authenticity, however, no doubt 
can be entertained. The MS., from which this 
volume is printed, was copied, in 1786, from 
one written in 1776, by Lady Fanshawe's great- 
grand-daughter, Charlotte Colman, from the ori- 
ginal, which was written under her Ladyship's 
inspection about four years before her death, and 
to which she refers in her Will. 

It was difficult to correct the errors in the 



PREFACE. Vll 

dates, because the Authoress sometimes uses the 
old, and sometimes the new style, and now and 
then speaks of things out of the order in which 
they happened ; but the most material of those 
mistakes are pointed out in the Notes, which also 
contain the few illustrations the text requires. 

At the end of the volume, extracts will be 
found from Sir Richard Fanshawe^s official Cor- 
respondence, which contain every statement of 
general interest. Some of these are printed for 
the first time ; and a brief Memoir, presenting 
the principal facts in the life of himself and of his 
wife, is prefixed, with the hope of rendering her 
narrative better understood. 

In this edition the proper names of persons and 
places have been carefully corrected, and some 
additional notes are inserted. 

N.. H^N.; 

3rd August 1830. '^ 



'KX.^--. 



INTRODUCTORY MEMOIR. 



It may, possibly, be thought unnecessary to prefix 
to this work a biographical sketch of the persons 
whose careers are faithfully related in it ; and it may 
be considered an act of imprudence to place the cold 
and measured statements of an Editor, in juxta-position 
with the nervous and glowing narrative of the amiable 
historian of the lives of her husband and herself. The 
latter objection, however true, ought not to prevent 
such remarks being made as may cause her labours to 
be better understood, and more highly appreciated ; 
especially, as information can be supplied, and in a 
few instances, comments submitted, which may render 
that justice to the writer, it was impossible for her to 
do to herself. 

These pages will, however, contain a statement 
of the chief events of the lives of Sir Richard and Lady 
Fanshawe ; and although most of them are mentioned 
in her Memoir, they are so frequently interrupted by 



2 INTRODUCTORY MEMOIR. 

anecdotes and reflections, as well as by accounts of 
places and ceremonies, that it is often difficult to fol- 
low her. This article may then be considered as the 
outline of a picture, which is filled up by a far abler 
and more pleasing artist; or, perhaps, it bears a nearer 
resemblance to the graphic references which generally 
accompany the descriptions of paintings, for the pur- 
pose of illustrating them. 

The genealogy of the P'anshawe family is so fuliy 
stated in the Memoir, that it is not requisite to allude 
to the subject, farther than to observe, that Sir Richard 
was descended from an ancient and respectable house ; 
that many of its members filled official situations under 
the Crown, and were honoured with Knighthood; that 
he was the fifth and youngest son of Sir Henry Fan- 
shawe, of Ware Park, in Hertfordshire, Knight, by 
Elizabeth, daughter of Thomas Smythe, Esq. Farmer 
of the Customs to Queen Elizabeth, the younger son 
of an ancient Wiltshire family, and ancestor of the 
Viscounts Strangford ; and that his eldest brother 
was raised jto the peerage by the title of Viscount 
Fanshawe, of Dromore, in Ireland. 

Sir Richard Fanshawe was born at Ware Park, in 
June 1608, and was baptized on the 12th of that 
month. His father having died in 1616, when he was 
little more than seven years old, the care of his educa- 
tion devolved upon his mother, who placed him under 
the celebrated schoolmaster, Thomas Farnaby ; and 
in November 1623 he was admitted a Fellow-corn- 



INTRODUCTORY MEMOIR. 3 

moner of Jesus College, Cambridge, where he is said 
to have prosecuted his studies with success, and to 
have evinced a taste for classical literature. Being 
intended for the Bar, he was entered of the Inner 
Temple on the 22nd of January 1626 ; but that pro- 
fession ill-accorded with his genius, and he appears to 
have selected it in obedience to the wishes of his mo- 
ther, rather than from his own choice. It has been 
supposed that he continued his legal pursuits until 
her death left him free to follow his inclination to tra- 
vel ; but this is not the fact, as he had returned to 
England before her decease. At what period he 
abandoned the law is not known ; but about 1627 he 
went abroad, with the viev/ of acquiring foreign lan- 
guages. Lady Fanshawe says, that the whole stock 
of money with which he commenced his travels did 
not exceed eighty-five pounds ; that he proceeded first 
to Paris, where he remained for twelve months, and 
thence went to Madrid ; and that he did not return to 
England for some years. In 1630 he was appointed 
Secretary to Lord Aston's embassy to the Court of 
Spain, in consequence of the information which he pos- 
sessed of the country ; but in attaining that knowledge 
he spent great part of his patrimony, which amounted 
only to 501 per annum, and 15001, in money. 

When Lord Aston was recalled, Mr. Fanshawe re- 
mained as the Charge d'Affaires until Sir Arthur Hop- 
ton was nominated Ambassador to Madrid; and he 
arrived in England in 1637 or 1638. For two years 
B 2 



4 INTRODUCTORY MEMOIR. 

after bis return, he seems to have been in constant 
expectation of some appointment, but his views were 
frustrated by Secretary Windebank. At the expira- 
tion of that time, his eldest brother resigned to him 
the situation of Remembrancer of the Court of Exche- 
quer, but upon terms which prevented its being of any 
immediate pecuniary advantage. The Civil War, 
however, then broke out, and being one of the King's 
sworn servants, he attended his Majesty to Oxford, 
where he met the fair author of these Memoirs. 

Anne, the eldest daughter of Sir John Harrison, of 
Balls, in the county of Hertford, by Margaret, daugh- 
ter of Robert Fanshawe, of Fanshawe Gate, Esq. 
great uncle of Sir Richard Fanshawe, was born in St. 
Olave's Hart Street, London, on the 25th of March' 
1625. Of her education and early life she has given 
a pleasing description, and, until the Civil War, her 
family lived in uninterrupted happiness. Her father 
having warmly espoused the Royal cause, he attended 
the Court to Oxford, and desired his daughters to 
come to him in that city, where they endured many 
privations, *' living in a baker's house in an obscure 
street, and sleeping in a bad bed in a garret, with bad 
provisions, no money, and little clothes." The picture 
of Oxford at that moment is truly deplorable, and the 
sufferings of the royalists appear to have been very se- 
vere, but which she describes as having been borne *' with 
a martyr-like cheerfulness." The offer of a Baronetcy 
to her father, — the only return which it was then in 



INTRODUCTORY MEMOIR. 5 

the power of the Crown to bestow, for the heavy losses 
he had sustained, — was gratefully declined on the 
ground of poverty. In 1 644 important changes took 
place in her family, or, as she poetically expresses it, 
alluding to the state of public affairs, '' as the turbu- 
lence of the waves disperses the splinters of the rock," 
so were they separated. Her brother William died in 
consequence of a fall from his horse, which was shot 
under him in a skirmish against a party of the Earl of 
Essex the year before ; and on the 18th of May she 
became the wife of Mr. Fanshawe, in Wolvercot 
Church, two miles from Oxford, being then in her 
twentieth year, and her husband about thirty-six. 
He was at that time Secretary at War, and was pro- 
mised promotion the first opportunity. The fortune 
of each was in expectation : they were, she says, 
"truly merchant adventurers/' their whole capital 
being only twenty pounds ; and, to preserve the simile, 
that capital was laid out in the articles of his trade — 
in pens, ink, and paper. What was wanting in money 
was amply supplied by prudence and affection ; and 
there is no difficulty in believing her assurance, that 
they lived better than those whose prospects were 
much brighter. 

Whilst at Oxford, in 1 644, the University conferred 
upon Mr. Fanshawe the degree of Doctor of Laws. In 
the beginning of March 1 645 he attended the Prince 
to Bristol, but in consequence of his wife's confine- 
ment, she did not accompany him ; and the circum- 



b INTRODUCTORY MEMOIR. 

stances of their separation are affecting. She joined 
him in that city in May, at which time he was ap- 
pointed Secretary to the Prince of Wales, but in con- 
sequence of the plague, they quitted Bristol, in July 
1645, and proceeded with his Royal Highness to 
Barnstaple, and thence to Launceston and Truro, in 
Cornwall. From Truro the Court removed to Penden- 
nis Castle; and early in April 1646 the Prince and 
his suite embarked for tlie Scilly Islands. Great as 
their privations were at Oxford, they were much ex- 
ceeded by their sufferings at Scilly ; and no one can 
peruse the description of their voyage to and lodgings 
in that island with indifference. To illness were add- 
ed cold and hunger : they were plundered by their 
friends in flying from their enemies ; and to add to 
the misery of their situation, Mrs. Fanshawe was very 
near her confinement. 

After passing three weeks in that desolate place, 
the Prince and his suite went to Jersey, where they 
were hospitably received ; and where Mrs. Fanshawe 
gave birth to her second child. On the Prince's quit- 
ting Jersey in July, for Paris, Mr. Fanshawe's employ- 
ment ceased ; and he remained in that island with 
Lord Capell, Lord Hopton, and the Chancellor, for a 
fortnight after his Royal Highness's departure, when 
he and his wife went to Caen, to his brother Lord Fan- 
shawe, who was ill, leaving their infant at Jersey, under 
the care of Lady Carteret, the. wife of the Governor. 
From Caen, Mrs. Fanshawe was sent to England, by 



INTRODUCTORY MEMOIR T 

her husband, to raise money ; she arrived in London 
early in September 1646, where she succeeded in ob- 
taining permission for him to compound for his estates 
for the sum of 300i'., and to return. 

They continued in England until October 1647, liv- 
ing in great seclusion ; and in July in that year, 
whilst the unfortunate Charles was at Hampton Court, 
Mr. Fanshawe waited upon him, and received his in- 
structions to proceed to Madrid. Mrs. Fanshawe 
states that she had three audiences of his Majesty at 
Hampton Court, and her description of the last inter- 
view with which she and her husband were honoured, 
exhibits the injured Monarch as a husband, a father, 
a master, a sovereign, and a Christian, in the most 
pleasing light, and is ample evidence of the natural 
goodness of his heart. " The last time I ever saw 
him," she says, '' was on taking my leave. I could 
not refrain from weeping, and when he saluted me^ I 
prayed to God to preserve his Majesty with long life 
and happy years. He stroked me on the cheek, and 
said, * Child, if God pleaseth it shall be so ; but both 
you and I must submit to God's will, and you know in 
what hands I am.' Turning to Mr. Fanshawe, he 
said, ' Be sure, Dick,* to tell my son all that I have 

* That tlie Royal family were accustomed to address Mr. Fan- 
shawe in so familiar a manner, appears from a letter from the Duke 
of York, afterwards James the Second, dated at Paris, 18th Novem- 
ber 1651, to Sir Edward Nicholas : "I have received yours of the 
8th of November from the Hague, and with it that from Dick Fan- 
shaiv." — Evelyn's Correspondence ^ vol. v. p. 188. 



8 INTRODUCTORY MEMOIR. 

said, and deliver those letters to my wife. Pray God 
bless her ! I hope I shall do well ;' and taking him in 
his arms, observed, ' Thou hast ever been an honest 
man, and I hope God will bless thee, and make thee a 
happy servant to my son, whom I have charged in my 
letter to continue his love and trust to you ;' adding, 
* I do promise you, that if ever I am restored to my 
dignity, I will bountifully reward you both for your 
services and sufferings.' '* 

In the few days they passed at Portsmouth, previous 
to their quitting England in October 1647, they nar- 
rowly escaped being killed by a shot fired into the 
town by the Dutch fleet. From that place they em- 
barked for France, but returned to England, in April 
1648, by Jersey, whence they brought with them their 
daughter, whom they had left under the care of Lady 
Carteret. In September Mr. Fanshawe attended the 
Prince of Wales on board the fleet in the Downs, in 
which a division existed, part being for the King 
and part for the Parliament. The Prince resolved to 
reduce the latter to obedience by force, but a storm 
separated the ships, and prevented an engagement. 
Three months afterwards, Mr. Fanshawe went to Paris 
on the Prince's affairs, whither he was followed by his 
wife ; and they passed six weeks there in the society 
of the Queen-Mother and the Princess Royal and 
their suite, amongst whom was the poet Waller and 
his wife. From Paris they went to Calais, where they 
met Sir Kenelm Digby, who related some of his 



INTRODUCTORY MEMOIR. 9 

extraordinary stories : from that town she again went to 
England with the hope of raising money for her hus- 
band's subsistence abroad and her own at home. Mr. 
Fan sh awe was sent to Flanders ; and thence, in the 
February following, into Ireland, to receive whatever 
money Prince Rupert could raise by the fleet under his 
command, but that effort proved unsuccessful. At her 
husband's desire, Mrs. Fanshawe proceeded with her 
family to join him, and landed at Youghal after a 
hazardous voyage. They took up their residence at 
Red Abbey, a house belonging to Dean Boyle, near 
Cork, and passed six months in comparative tranquil- 
lity, receiving great kindness from the nobility and 
gentry of the neighbourhood. 

Their happiness, however, was but transitory. The 
death of their second son plunged them into affliction ; 
and the landing of Cromwell obliged Prince Rupert's 
fleet, the presence of which had contributed to their 
security, to quit Ireland ; and very shortly afterwards, 
in November 1649, Cork declared for the Usurper. 
At that moment Mr. Fanshawe was at Kinsale ; and her 
account of the danger to which that event exposed 
her, and of her perilous escape, together with her fa- 
mily and servants, from Red Abbey to Kinsale, is full 
of interest. 

A few days after this affair, Mr. Fanshawe received 

the King's commands to go to Madrid with a letter to 

his Catholic Majesty : on their journey they passed 

through Limerick, where he was present when Lord 

b5 



10 INTRODUCTORY MEJNIOIR. 

Roscommon met his singular fate, of being killed by 
a fall down the stairs, whilst holding a candle to Mr. 
Fanshawe on his going out of the room where they had 
held a consultation. His Lordship lived only a few 
days after the accident, and, just before his death, 
placed the Great Seal of Ireland into Mr. Fanshawe's 
hands. This accident retarded their departure until 
they heard from the King, during which time they 
were most courteously treated by Lord Inchiquin; 
and an extraordinary circumstance is related by Mrs. 
Fanshawe, of a vision having appeared to her whilst 
on a visit to a daughter of the Earl of Thomond. 

On receiving orders from his Majesty to deliver the 
Seals to Lord Inchiquin, Mr. Fanshawe proceeded on 
his mission, and embarked with his wife at Galway, in 
February 1650, on board a Dutch ship for Malaga. 
Their entry into Galway, which had been devastated 
by the plague, is deserving of attention ; and an anec- 
dote, which is related of the conduct of the Marquis 
of Worcester to the merchants of that town, if true, 
reflects equal disgrace on the cause which he espoused 
and on his own memory. 

As if their every movement was to be attended with 
peril, the ship in which they embarked v/as menaced 
by a Turkish galley soon after it passed the Straits of 
Gibraltar ; on which occasion Mrs. Fanshawe displayed 
great heroism, by assuming the dress of the cabin-boy, 
and placing herself on the deck by the side of her hus- 
band. Fortunately, however, her courage was not 



INTRODUCTORY MEMOIR. 11 

subjected to a severer test; for the Turk sheered off 
without attacking their vessel. They arrived safely at 
Malaga, and set out for Madrid, passing through Gra- 
nada ; and several pages are filled with a description 
of the Alhamba near that city. 

Being unsuccessful in his effort to obtain a supply 
of money from the Spanish Court, his wife and himself 
embarked at St. Sebastian for France, and arrived at 
Nantz, after a dangerous passage, about the end of 
October 1650, and reached Paris in the middle of 
November. 

On the 2nd of September in that year Mr. Fan- 
shawe was created a Baronet ; and it is singular that 
no other allusion should occur to the circumstance in 
the Memoir than a notice of his having left the patent 
in Scotland before the battle of Worcester. 

The Queen received them at Paris with great atten- 
tion ; and, after many acts of favour, she dispatched 
Sir Richard to the King, who was then on his way to 
Scotland. Lady Fanshawe and her husband proceed- 
ed to Calais, it being necessary that she should go to 
England to procure money for his journey, and in the 
mean time he intended to reside in Holland ; but cir- 
cumstances caused him to be immediately sent into 
Scotland, where he was received with marked kindness 
by the King and by the York party, who gave him the 
custody of the Great Seal and Privy Signet. No per- 
suasions could induce him to take the covenant ; but 
he performed the duties of his office with a zeal and 



12 INTRODUCTORY MEMOIR. 

temper which, we are told, obtained for him the es- 
teem of all parties. 

Lady Fanshawe continued in London, in a state of 
great uneasiness about Sir Richard, having two young 
children to maintain, with very limited resources ; and 
to add to her discomfort, she was again very near her 
confinement. She observes, that she seldom went out 
of her lodgings, and spent her time chiefly in prayer 
for the deliverance of the King and her husband. A 
daughter, Elizabeth, was born on the 24th of June, 
and on her recovery she went to her brother-in-law's, 
at Ware Park, where the news reached her of the bat- 
tle of Worcester, on the 3rd of September ; and after 
some days' suspense, she learned that Sir Richard was 
taken prisoner. 

She then hastened to town, intending to seek him 
wherever he might be ; but on her arrival she learned 
from him that he would shortly be brought to London, 
and he appointed a place near Charing Cross where 
she should meet him. Their interview lasted only a 
few hours ; after which he was conveyed to White- 
hall, and was closely confined there for ten weeks, ex- 
pecting daily to be put to death. The manner in 
which she went secretly to his prison at four o'clock 
every morning, and her unwearied zeal to alleviate his 
sufferings, afford a beautiful example of female devo- 
tion ; and it was owing to her exertions alone that he 
was ultimately released on bail. 

Illness induced Sir Richard to go to Bath, in Au- 



INTRODUCTORY MEMOIR. 13 

gust 1652, the greater part of the winter of which year 
they passed at Benford, in Hertfordshire ; but having 
occasion to wait on the Earl of StraflPord, in Yorkshire, 
his Lordship offered him a house in Tankersley Park, 
which he accepted. His family removed thither in 
March 1652, and during his residence there, he amused 
himself in literary pursuits, and translated Luis de Ca- 
moens. The death of their favourite daughter Anne, on 
the 23rd July 1654, at the age of between nine and ten, 
made them quit Tankersley, and they proceeded to 
Homerton, in Huntingdonshire, the seat of Sir Richard 
Fanshawe's sister, Lady Bedell, where they resided six 
months ; when he being sent for to London, and for- 
bidden to go beyond five miles of it, his wife and chil- 
dren removed to the metropolis. Excepting a visit to 
Frog Pool, in Kent, the residence of Sir Philip War- 
wick, they remained in London until July 1656, during 
which time Lady Fanshawe had two children, and her 
husband suffered severely from illness. 

Tired of living in town, Sir Richard obtained per- 
mission to go to Bengy, in Hertfordshire, where he 
and his wife were attacked with an ague, which con- 
fined her to her bed for many months, and did not 
finally leave her for nearly two years, when a visit to 
Bath perfectly restored them both. The news of Crom- 
well's death, in September 1658, which reached them 
whilst in that city, caused them to go to London, with 
the hope of Sir Richard's getting released from his bail ; 
and under the pretence of becoming tutor to the son 



14 INTRODUCTORY MEMOIR. 

of the Earl of Pembroke, whilst on his travels, he was 
permitted to leave England. On his arrival at Paris, 
he wrote to Lord Clarendon, acquainting him with his 
escape, and desiring him to inform his Majesty of the 
circumstance. About April 1659, his Lordship re- 
plied that the King was then going into Spain, but that 
on his return, which would be in the beginning of the 
winter, he should come to his Majesty, who in the 
mean time gave him the situations of one of the Mas- 
ters of Requests, and Latin Secretary. 

Sir Richard Fanshawe then requested his wife to 
come to Paris with part of his children, but her appli- 
cation for a passport was refused ; and she relates the 
ingenious manner in which she imposed upon the Go- 
vernment, by obtaining a pass in the name of Anne 
Harrison, the pretended wife of a young merchant, 
and altering the word to Fanshawe, by which means 
she escaped to Calais, and joined her husband at 
Paris. 

Charles the Second came to Combes, near Paris, on a 
visit to his mother, in November 1659, where Sir Richard 
and Lady Fanshawe had an interview with him, and 
were received most graciously, with promises of future 
protection. Sir Richard being desired to follow his 
Majesty to Flanders, he went thither, in December, 
having previously sent his wife to London for money, 
where she arrived with her children in January 1660. 
Soon afterwards she followed him to Newport, Bruges, 
Ghent, and Brussels, where the Royal family of Eng- 



INTRODUCTORY MEMOIR. 15 

land v/ere residing, by all of whom they were treated 
with kindness. After staying three weeks at Brussels, 
Sir Richard and Lady Fanshawe went to Breda, where 
they heard otthe Restoration, at which place, in April, 
his Majesty is said to have conferred on him the honour 
of Knighthood,* though the fact is not mentioned in 
the Memoir. 

On joining the King at the Hague, he promised 
to reward Sir Richard's fidelity and sufferings, by 
appointing him Secretary of State ; but through 
the machinations of " that false man," as Lady 
Fanshawe calls Lord Clarendon, the royal word was 
not fulfilled. When his Majesty embarked for Eng- 
land, Sir Richard was ordered to attend him in his 
own ship ; and a frigate was appointed to convey 
his family. The morning after Charles's arrival at 
Whitehall, Lady Fanshawe, with some other ladies, 
waited upon him to offer their congratulations, on 
which occasion, he assured her of his favour, and pre- 
sented Sir Richard with his portrait set in diamonds. 
To the Parliament summoned immediately after the 
restoration he was returned for the University of Cam- 
bridge ; and' '' had the good fortune," his affectionate 
biographer says, " to be the first chosen, and the first 
returned member of the Commons House in Parlia- 
ment, after the King came home ; and this cost him no 
more than a letter of thanks, and two brace of bucks, 
and twenty broad pieces of gold to buy them wine." 
* Biographia Britannica. 



16 INTRODUCTORY MEMOIR. 

To the jealousy of Lord Clarendon, who was anxious 
to remove Sir Richard from about the King's person, 
Lady Fanshawe imputes the circumstance of his being 
sent to Portugal to negotiate the marriage with the 
Princess Katharine, to whom he was charged to pre- 
sent his Majesty's picture ; but this appointment is 
strong proof of the confidence which was reposed in 
his discretion and abilities. He returned to England 
in December, and during his absence Lady Fanshawe 
remained in London, where she 'gave birth to a daugh- 
ter in January 1662. On the arrival of the Queen at 
Portsmouth, Sir Richard Fanshawe was sent to receive 
her, and was present at her marriage, the description 
of which ceremony is historically valuable. 

Early in 1662, he was nominated a Privy Counsellor 
of Ireland : in August he was again sent on an em- 
bassy to Lisbon, and was accompanied by his wife and 
children. Their journey to Plymouth, their voyage, 
their arrival at Lisbon, their reception at Court, and 
the city, are minutely described. After a year's resi- 
dence in Portugal, Sir Richard was recalled : he re- 
turned to London in September 1663, and proceeded 
to wait on the King at Bath, who was pleased to raise 
him to the rank of a Privy Counsellor. In January 
1664, he was appointed Ambassador to the Court of 
Madrid, and having embarked at Portsmouth, with a 
numerous retinue, on board a squadron on the 31st of 
that month, they arrived at Cadiz on the 23rd of 
February. 



INTRODUCTORY MEMOIR. 17 

Nearly the whole of the remainder of the Memoir is 
filled with an account of their journey to Madrid, 
of their splendid reception, of the manners of the 
Spaniards, of various places, and of public events 
and ceremonies. These descriptions display consi- 
derable judgment and quickness of observation, and 
contain some valuable information. Many of the 
anecdotes which occur are interesting, and like 
every other part of the narrative, they are told with a 
simplicity which renders it impossible to doubt therr 
accuracy. 

At Madrid, Lady Fan sh awe gave birth to her son 
Richard ; and the prayer which she breathes for Tiis 
prosperity, exhibits her piety and affection in lively 
colours. Sir Richard Fanshawe went on a mission to 
Lisbon in January 1665, and returned to Madrid early 
in March following. On the 17th of December 1665, 
he signed a treaty with the Spanish minister, but the 
King refused to ratify it, and he was recalled, when 
the Earl of Sandwich was sent to replace him, who 
arrived at Corunna in March following. Previous to 
this circumstance. Lady Fanshawe intended to return 
to England to see her father, who was on the verge 
of the grave ; but she then resolved to wait for Sir 
Richard's departure. 

She was now, however, destined to experience the 
severest of all her trials, in the death of her husband, 
who, after introducing Lord Sandwich at Court on the 



18 INTRODUCTORY MEMOIR. 

15th of June, was seized with an ague, and expired on 
the 26th of the same month.* 

No other language could convey an adequate idea 
of Lady Fanshawe's feelings under her loss, than that 
in which she has expressed them ; and her address to 
the Almighty on her sufferings, merits every possible 
praise. 

Some of Sir Richard Fanshawe's biographers have 
imputed his death to a broken heart, in consequence 
of his being recalled ; but this is a gratuitous asserr, 
tion, for nothing of the kind is hinted in the Memoir, 
though the conduct of Lord Clarendon and others 
towards him is severely commented upon. His letter 
to the King on the occasion is preserved, from which 
it is evident, that he felt his recall deeply, but the 
gracious communication by which it was accompanied, 
lessened the severity of the act, and he seems anxiously 
to have looked forward to his arrival in England to 
defend his conduct. 

Lady Fanshawe resolved on accompanying her hus- 
band's corpse to England ; but, previous to her quit- 
ting Madrid, the Queen-Regent of Spain offered her 
a pension, and promised to provide for her children, 
if she and they would embrace the Roman Catholic 
faith ; an offer, which it would be an insult to her 
memory to attribute any merit to her for refusing. 

* According to the inscription on his monument, he died on the 
sixteenth of June ; the discrepancy arose from the difference in the 
style. 



INTRODUCTORY MEMOIR. 19 

Having disposed of her plate, furniture, and horses, 
she left the Siete Chimeneas, in a private manner, 
on the 8th of July, and observes, " Never did any 
ambassador's'^ family come into Spain so gloriously, or 
went out so sad." She reached Bilboa on the 21st of 
July, where Sir Richard's corpse awaited her arrival, 
and remained there until the 3rd of October. The 
mournful train then proceeded towards England, by 
Bayonne and Paris, where they arrived on the 30th of 
October. After an audience of the Queen-Mother, 
Lady Fanshawe set out for Calais ; and on the 2nd of 
November was conveyed to the Tower Wharf in a 
French vessel-of-war. On the 26th, the body of Sir 
Richard, attended by seven of the gentlemen of his 
suite, was interred in AUhallows Church, in Hertford, 
whence it was removed, in May 1671, to a vault in St. 
Mary's Chapel in Ware Church, where his widow 
erected a handsome monument, with the following 
inscription, to his memory : — 

P. M. S. 

In Hypogeo, juxta hoc monumentum, 

jacet corpus nobilissimi viri 

RICARDI FANSHAWE, 

Equitis Aurati et Baronetti, ex antiqua ilia familia de 

Ware Parke, in comitatu Hertfordiae, 

Henrici Fanshawe, Equitis Aurati, prolis decimas. 

Uxorem duxit Annam filiara natu maximam Johannis 

Harrison, Equitis Aurati, de Balls, in com. Hertfordiae ; 

et ex ea suscepit sex filios et octo filias; e quibus 



20 INTRODUCTORY MEMOIR. 

supeisunt Ilicardus, Catherina, Margarita, Anna, 

et Elizabetha. 

Mr comitate morum, luce fidei, constantitl, 

prasstantissimus, 

qui olim (laetus exul) serenissimi regis Caroli Secundi 

calamitates fortiter amplexus est, 

in Rebus bellicis, ab eodem constitutus Secretarius, 

posteaque (Regno ei feliciter restaurato) 

libellomm supplicum Magister, 

a Latinis epistolis, a sanctioribus Regis consiliis 

turn Angliae, turn Hiberniae factus ; pro Academia Cantabrigiensi 

Burgensis ; 

Necnon ejusdem serenissimi Regis ad utrasque Aulas 

Portugal, et Hispan. 

Legatus, in quarum proxima, cum pulcherrime officio 

suo functus esset, splendidissimam quamdiu egerat 

Vitam cum luctuosa morte commutavit. 

JNIonumentum hoc, cum Hypogeo, moestissima conjux 

pie posuit, quae etiam corpus Mariti sui ab urbe 

Madrid hue per terras transtulit. 

^,.., ,^:,i T • rDom. M.DCLXVI. 

Obut 16'' de Junii, anno J 

L aetatis suae LIX.* 
Sir Richard Fanshawe was buried with much pomp ; 

* Clutterbuck's History of Hertfordshire, vol. iii. page 311. 
The following arms occur on the monument : Quarterly, 1st and 
4th, Or, a chevron betw^een three fleurs-de-lis Sable, Fanshawe 
ancient ; 2nd and 3rd, cheeky Argent and Azure, a cross Gules, 
Fanshawe modern, being an honourable augmentation granted in 
1650 : on an escutcheon in the centre, the arms of Ulster. Im- 
paling, Cheeky, a cross, thereon five pheons' heads, pointing up- 
wards. Harrison. Crest, on a wTeath, Or and Azure, a dragon's 
head erased Or, vomiting fire. On a label under the arms these 
mottos : " Dux vitae ratio." " In Christo victoria." 



INTRODUCTORY MEMOIR. 21 

and a full account of the ceremony occurs in his 
funeral certificate in the College of Arms. 

From the King, the Queen, the Court, and some of 
the ministers, Lady Fanshawe received much sym- 
pathy and kindness ; but, in common with every other 
person who had pecuniary claims on the Government, 
she experienced great difficulty in procuring the ar- 
rears due to her husband, and it was not until nearly 
three years that the whole was paid ; by which delay, 
she says, she sustained a loss of above two thousand 
pounds. At the instigation of Lord Shaftesbury, of 
whom she speaks with the utmost bitterness, she was 
obliged to pay the same amount for the plate fur- 
nished to the embassy. 

Of the tardy manner in which Sir Richard Fan-r 
shavve's allowance was paid, and the embarrassment 
into which he was consequently thrown, he has left 
ample proof in his letter to his brother-in-law Sir 
Philip Warwick, dated a few weeks before his death ; 
in which he tells him that he had been obliged to 
pawn his plate for his subsistence. 

Lady Fanshawe states in a very feeling manner the 
situation in which she found herself after her hus- 
band's death ; and it is scarcely possible to read her 
allusions to his long and faithful services, and the 
heavy sacrifices which he made, without admitting 
the justice of the charge so often brought against 
Charles, of being neglectful of his servants. It is, 



22 INTRODUCTORY MEMOIR. 

however, more than possible that the fault was not the 
monarch's alone. He was surrounded by greedy and 
selfish courtiers, each eager to advance his own inte- 
rest, and possessed of similar claims on the ground of 
services ; and as the spoils out of which they sought 
to enrich themselves were limited, it was an obvious 
point of policy to oppose the demands of others. The 
few years which succeeded the Restoration are among 
the most disgraceful in the annals of this country ; 
and to the evidence which exists of the want of prin- 
ciple which characterized the Court of Charles the 
Second, these Memoirs are no slight addition. The 
Monarch was heartless and profligate; his ministers, 
with very few exceptions, were intent alone on the 
promotion of their own interests ; and services and 
sufferings were nothing in the balance against the in- 
fluence of the royal mistresses. In such a state of 
things, merit availed but little ; and with a host of 
other zealous adherents of the royal family, at a time 
when fidelity was attended with the fearful penalties 
attached to high treason. Sir Richard Fanshawe, after 
thirty years' devotion to his master, and spending a 
fortune in his cause, was sacrificed to the intrigues of 
his enemies, and probably was only spared by death 
from greater mortifications. 

To this outline of the lives of Sir Richard and Lady 
Fanshawe little remains to be added. The Memoir, 
though continued to the year 1670, contains very few 
facts after her return to England which are deserving 



INTRODUCTORY MEMOIR. 23 

of notice. It is manifest that her hopes were destroy- 
ed, and that her only happiness consisted in reflecting 
on the past. Her first object was to reduce her esta- 
blishment according to her altered fortune, and the 
second to educate her family. In 1670, she lost her 
excellent father, whose death added heavily to her 
misfortunes ; but she possessed that resource against 
human woes which can only be inspired by a reliance 
upon Him who never deserts the widow and the father- 
less. Her life had been marked by extreme vicissi- 
tudes ; and at its conclusion — dark and cheerless as 
it was — she wisely looked for consolation where she 
had so frequently found it, and where, it may be con- 
fidently said, it is never sought in vain. 

Of the conduct of Sir Richard Fanshawe, as a ser- 
vant of the Crown, and as a husband and a father, 
sufficient is said in the Memoir ; but it is desirable to 
notice his literary labours, which are stated in the 
Biographia Britannica to consist of — 

1. An English translation, in rhyme, of the cele- 
brated Italian pastoral, called, " II Pastor Fido, or, 
the Faithful Shepherd," written originally by Battista 
Guarini. Printed at London, 1646, 4to., and in 1664 
8vo. 

2. Select parts of Horace translated into English, 
1652, 8vo. 

3. A translation from English into Latin verse, of 
" The Faithful Shepherdess," a pastoral, written origi- 
nally by John Fletcher. London, 1658. 



24 INTRODUCTORY MEMOIR. 

4. In the octavo edition of *' The Faithful Shep- 
herdess," anno 1664, are inserted the following poems 
by Sir Richard: viz. 1. An Ode upon occasion of 
his Majesty's Proclamation in 1630, commanding the 
gentry to reside upon their estates in the country. 
2. A summary Discourse on the Civil Wars of Rome, 
extracted from the best Latin writers in verse and 
prose. 3. An English translation of the fourth book 
of the ^neid of Virgil or the Loves of Dido and ^neas. 
4. Two Odes out of Horace, relating to the civil wars 
of Rome, against covetous rich men. 

5. He translated, from Portuguese, into English, 
•' The Luciad, or Portugal's Historical Poem ;" writ- 
ten originally by Luis de Camoens. London 1655, fol. 
From the many corrections in the Translator's copy, 
in the possession of the late Edm. Turner, Esq. it ap- 
pears to have been very negligently printed, which may 
in some degree account for the remarks of Mr. Mickle 
on Sir Richard's translation. After his decease, name- 
ly in 1671, two of his posthumous pieces in 4to. 
were published Querer per solo querer : " To love only 
for love's sake," a dramatic piece, represented before 
the King and Queen of Spain ; and Fiestas de Aran- 
juez: *' Festivals at Aranjuez;" both written originally 
in Spanish, by Antonio de Mendoza ; upon occasion of 
celebrating the birthday of King Philip IV. in 1621, 
at Aranjuez. They were translated by Sir Richard in 
1654, during his confinement at Tankersley-park, in 



INTRODUCTORY MEMOIR. 25 

Yorkshire ; which situation induced him to write the 
following stanzas : — 

" Time was, when I, a pilgrim of the seas, 

When I, 'midst noise of camps and court's disease, 
Purloin'd some hours, to charm rude cares with verse, 
Which flame of faithful shepherd did rehearse. 

" But now, restrain'd from sea, from camp, from court. 
And by a tempest blown into a port, 
I raise my thoughts to muse of higher things, 
And echo arms and loves of queens and kings. 

** Which queens (despising crowns and Hymen's band) 
Would neither man obey, nor man command ; 
Great pleasure from rough seas to see the shore ; 
Or, from firm land, to see the billows roar." 

Sir Richard, to whom Mr. Campbell assigns the 
merit of having given " to our language some of its 
earliest and most important translations from modern 
literature,"* wrote several other articles, which he had 
not leisure to complete ; and it is said that " some of 
the before mentioned printed pieces have not all the 
perfection which our ingenious author could have given 
them, but that is not the case with his excellent trans- 
lation of Pastor Fido."t 

That translation is highly complimented by Den- 
ham^ who observes, 

' ' Such is our pride, or folly, or our fate, 
That few but such as cannot write translate ;" 

* Specimens of the Poets. t Biographia Britannica. 

C 



26 INTRODUCTORY MEMOIR. 

and after censuring servile translators, he says — 

*' Secure of fame, thou justly dost esteem 
Less honour to create than to redeem ; 
That servile path thou nohly dost decline, 
Of tracing word by word, and line by line." 

And, 

" That master's hand, which to the life can trace 
The air, the line, the features, of the face, 
IMay with a free and bolder stroke express 
A varied posture, or a flatt'ring dress ; 
He could have made those like, who made the rest. 
But that he knew his own design was best." 

Part of Sir Richard Fanshawe's official correspond- 
ence, during his embassies in Spain and Portugal, 
was published in 1701, from which many extracts 
have been printed at the end of this volume ; but the 
latest letter therein is dated 26th January, 1665. 
The rough copies of his correspondence from that 
time until his death, are preserved in the Harleian 
MS. 7010, in the British Museum, the most interest- 
ing parts of which are added to the other extracts. 

Lady Fanshawe wrote her Memoir in the year 1676, 
and died on the 20th January, 1679-80, in her fifty- 
fifth year. Her will is dated on the 30th October, 
31st Car. Tl. 1679, in which she desired that her 
body might be privately buried in the Chapel of St. 
Mary in Ware Church, close to her husband, in the 
vault which she had purchased of the Bishop of Lon- 



INTRODUCTORY MEMOIR. 27 

don. She ordered her house in Little Grove, in East 
Barnet, with all the jewels, plate, and pictures therein, 
to be sold. To her son, Sir Richard Fanshawe, she 
bequeathed the lease of the manor of Faunton Hall, 
in Essex, which she held of the Bishop of London, on 
condition that when he possessed his office in the 
Custom-House, or any other employment of the value 
o/ 500/. a year, he should pay to his eldest sister 
Katherine 1200/., or deliver up the said lease to her. 
She also left him her own and her husband's picture 
set in gold, his father's picture by Lilly, and her own 
by Toniars, with all her seals, particularly a gold 
ring, with an onyx-stone, engraved, her purse of 
medals, all the gold she had by her at the time of her 
death, a Spanish towel, and comeing- cloth, together 
with all the books, MSS., writings, &c., sticks, guns, 
swords, and turning instruments, which belonged to 
her late husband. To her daughter, Katherine Fan- 
shawe, she left 600/. of which sum 500/. were given 
her by her grandfather, Sir John Harrison, at his 
decease, a warrant for a Baronet, probably her hus- 
band's, and all her jewels. To her daughters Anne 
Fanshawe and Elizabeth Fanshawe 600/. each, of 
which sums 500/. were given to each of them by their 
said grandfather. To her daughter Katherine she 
bequeathed the fFork written by herself, hy her said 
daughter Katherine, or by her sisters. She requested 
that her son Sir Richard and her three daughters 
would wear mourning for three years after her de- 
c 2 



28 INTRODUCTORY MEMOIR. 

cease, namely, mourning with plain linen, excepting 
eitlierof them married in the mean time ; and she ap- 
pointed her eldest daughter, Katherine, her sole exe- 
cutrix, who proved her Will on the 6th February 
1679-80. 

Of her numerous children, the following particu- 
lars have been gleaned from her memoir and other 
sources. 

1. Hauuisotc, born in the parish of St. John's Ox- 
ford, 22nd February 1644-5, and was there buried in 
the same year. 

2. Henry, born in Portugal Row, Lincoln's Inn 
Fields, London, 30th July 1647, died on the 20th 
October 1650, and was buried in the Protestant bury- 
ing-ground at Paris. 

3. RiCHAiiD, born 8th June 1648, died before Oc- 
tober 1650. 

4. Henry, born in November 1657, and dying in 
the same year, was buried in Bengy Church, in Hert- 
fordshire. 

5. Richard, born at Lisbon, 26th June 1663 ; he 
lived a few hours only, and was there buried in the 
Esperanza. 

6. Richard, born at Madrid, 6th August 1665, to 
whom the Memoir was addressed. He succeeded his 
father in 1666, and became the second Baronet. He 
is said to have been deprived of his hearing, and at 
length of his speech, in consequence of a fever, and to 



INTRODUCTORY MEJVIOIR. 29 

have died unmarried about 1695,* when the Baronetcy 
became extinct. 

The daughters were 

1. Anne, born at Jersey, 7th June 1G46 ; died at 
Tankersley Park, in Yorkshire, 20th July 1654, and 
was buried in the Parish Church of Tankersley, 

2. Elizabeth, born at Madrid, 13th July 1649 ; 
died a few days afterwards, and was buried in the 
Chapel of the French Hospital at Madrid. 

3. Elizabeth, born 24th June 1650; died at Foot's 
Cray, in Kent, in July 1656, and was there buried. 

4. Katherine, born 30th July 1652, and was 
living, and unmarried, in May 1705. 

5. Margaret, born at Tankersley Park, in York- 
shire, 8th October 1653, married, before 1676, Vin- 
cent Grantham, of Goltho, in Lincolnshire, Esq. It 
is remarkable that she is not mentioned in her mother's 
will. She was living, and the wife or widow of Mr. 
Grantham, in May 1705. 

6. Ann, born at Frog Pool, in Kent, 22nd February 
1654-5, unmarried October 1679 ; but afterwards mar- 
ried Ryder, by whom she had a daughter, Ann 

Lawrence,who,with her mother, were living in May 1705. 

7. Mary, born in London, 12th July 1656; died 
in August 1660, and was buried in All Saints' Church, 
Hertford. 

8. Elizabeth, born 22nd February 1662, to 
whom her mother bequeathed 600/. in her will in 

* Le Neve's MSS. in the College of Arms. 



30 INTRODUCTORY MEMOIR. 

1679, after which year nothing more of her has been 
found. 

Although some trouble has been taken to trace the 
descendants of Sir Richard and Lady Fanshawe, all 
which has been discovered is, that their daughters be- 
came their co-heirs about 1695 ; that Sir Edmund 
Turnor, the husband of Lady Fanshawe's sister, in his 
will, dated 15th May 1705, and proved in 1708, 
mentions his nieces Fanshawe, Grantham, and niece 
Anne Fanshawe^ alias Ryder, and Anne Lawrence, 
daughter of his niece Ryder ; and that the MS. from 
which this volume is printed, is said to have been tran- 
scribed in 1766, by Lady Fanshawe's " great grand- 
daughter, Charlotte Colman." 



MEMOIR 



OF 



LADY FANSHAWE. 



I HAVE thought it good to discourse to you, 
my most dear and only son, the most remarkable 
actions and accidents of your family, as well as 
those more eminent ones of your father ; and my 
life and necessity, not delight or revenge, hath 
made me insert some passages which will reflect 
on their owners, as the praises of others will be 
but just, which is my intent in this narrative. I 
would not have you be a stranger to it ; because, 
by the example, you may imitate what is appli- 
cable to your condition in the world, and endea- 
vour to avoid those misfortunes we have passed 
through, if God pleases. 



32 MEMOIR OF 

Endeavour to be innocent as a dove, but as 
Avise as a serpent ; and let this lesson direct you 
most in the greatest extremes of fortune. Hate 
idleness, and curb all passions ; be true in all 
words and actions ; unnecessarily deliver not your 
opinion ; but when you do, let it be just, well-con- 
sidered, and plain. Be charitable in all thought, 
word, and deed, and ever ready to forgive injuries 
done to yourself, and be more pleased to do good 
than to receive good. 

Be civil and obliging to all, dutiful where God 
and nature command you ; but friend to one, and 
that friendship keep sacred, as the greatest tie up- 
on earth, and be sure to ground it upon virtue ; 
for no other is either happy or lasting. 

Endeavour always to be content in that estate 
of life which it hath pleased God to call you to, 
and think it a great fault not to employ your time, 
either for the good of your soul, or improvement 
of your understanding, health, or estate ; and as 
these are the most pleasant pastimes, so it will 
make you a cheerful old age, which is as neces- 
sary for you to design, as to make provision to 
support the infirmities which decay of strength 
brings : and it was never seen that a vicious youth 
terminated in a contented, cheerful old age, but 



LADY FANSHAWE. 33 

perished out of countenance. Ever keep the best 
quahfied persons company, out of whom you will 
find advantage, and reserve some hours daily to 
examine yourself and fortune ; for if you embark 
yourself in perpetual conversation or recreation, 
you will certainly shipwreck your mind and for- 
tnne. Remember the proverb — such as his com- 
pany is, such is the man, and have glorious actions 
before your eyes, and think what shall be your 
portion in Heaven, as well as what you desire on 
earth. 

Manage your fortune prudently, and forget not 
that you must give God an account hereafter, and 
upon all occasions. 

Remember your father, whose true image, 
though I can never draw to the life, unless God 
will grant me that blessing in you ; yet, because 
you were but ten months and ten days old when 
God took him out of this world, I will, for your 
advantage, show you him with all truth, and 
without partiality. 

He was of the highest size of men, strong, and 
of the best proportion ; his complexion sanguine, 
his skin exceedingly fair, his hair dark brown and 
very curling, but not very long ; his eyes grey 
and penetrating, his nose high, his countenance 
c 5 



34 MEMOIR OF 

gracious and wise, his motion good, his speech 
clear and distinct. He never used exercise but 
walking, and that generally with some book in his 
hand, which oftenthiies was poetry, in which he 
spent his idle hours ; sometimes he would ride out 
to take the air, but his most delight was, to go 
only with me in a coach some miles, and there 
discourse of those things which then most pleased 
him, of what nature soever. 

He was very obliging to all, and forward to 
serve his master, his country, and friend ; cheer- 
ful in his conversation ; his discourse ever plea- 
sant, mixed with the sayings of wise men, and 
their histories repeated as occasion offered, yet so 
reserved that he never showed the thought of his 
heart, in its greatest sense, but to myself only ; 
and this I thank God with all my soul for, that 
he never discovered his trouble to me, but went 
from me with perfect cheerfulness and content ; 
nor revealed he his joys and hopes but would say, 
that they were doubled by putting them in my 
breast. I never heard him hold a disputation in 
my life, but often he would speak against it, say- 
ing, it was an uncharitable custom, which never 
turned to the advantage of either party. He 
would never be drawn to the fashion of any party, 



LADY PANSHAWE. 35 

saying, he found it sufficient honestly to perform 
that employment he was in : he loved and used 
cheerfulness in all his actions, and professed his 
religion in his life and conversation. He was a 
true Protestant of the Church of England, so born, 
so brought up, and so died ; his conversation 
was so honest that I never heard him speak a word 
in my life that tended to God's dishonour, or en- 
couragement of any kind of debauchery or sin. He 
was ever much esteemed by his two masters, 
Charles the First and Charles the Second, both 
for great parts and honesty, as for his conversa- 
tion, in which they took great delight, he being 
so free from passion, that made him beloved of 
all that knew him, nor did I ever see him moved 
but with his master's concerns, in which he would 
hotly pursue his interest through the greatest 
difficulties. 

He was the tenderest father imaginable, the 
carefulest and most generous master I ever knew ; 
he loved hospitality, and would often say, it was 
wholly essential for the constitution of England : 
he loved and kept order with the greatest decency 
possible; and though he would say 1 managed 
his domestics wholly, yet I ever governed them 
and myself by his commands ; in the managing of 



36 MEMOIR OP 

which, I thank God, I found his approbation and 
content. 

Now you will expect that I should say some- 
thing that may remain of us jointly, which I will 
do though it makes my eyes gush out with tears, 
and cuts me to the soul to remember, and in part 
express the joys I was blessed with in him. Glory 
be to God, we never had but one mind throughout 
our lives. Our souls were wrapped up in each 
other^s ; our aims and designs one, our loves one, 
and our resentments one. We so studied one the 
other, that we knew each other's mind by our 
looks. Whatever was real happiness, God gave 
it me in him ; but to commend my better half, 
which I want sufficient expression for, methinks is 
to commend myself, and so may bear a censure ; 
but, might it be permitted, I could dwell eternally 
on his praise most justly; but thus without of- 
fence I do, and so you may imitate him in his 
patience, his prudence, his chastity, his charity, 
his generosity, his perfect resignation to God's 
will, and praise God for him as long as you live 
here, and with him hereafter in the Kingdom of 
Heaven. Amen. 

Your father was born in Ware Park, in the 
month of June, in the year of our Lord 1608, and 



LADY FANSHAWE. 37 

was the tenth child of Sir Henry Fanshawe, 
whose father bought Ten, in Essex, and Ware 
Park, in Hertfordshire. This, your great-grand- 
father, came out of Derbyshire from a small estate, 
Fanshawe-Gate, being the principal part that then 
this family had, which exceeded not above two 
hundred pounds a year, and about so much more 
they had in the town and parish of Dronfield, 
within two miles of Fanshawe-Gate, where the 
family had been some hundreds of years, as ap- 
pears by the church of Dronfield, in the chancel 
of which church I have seen several grave-stones 
with the names of that family, many of them very 
ancient ; and the chancel, which is very old, was 
and is kept wholly for a burying-place for that 
family. 

There is in the town a free school, with a very 
good house and noble endowment founded by 
your great-grandfather, who was sent for to Lon- 
don in Henry the Eighth's time, by an uncle of 
his, and of his own name, to be brought up a 
clerk under his uncle Thomas Fanshawe, who pro- 
cured your great-grandfather's life to be put with 
his in the patent of Remembrancers of his Majesty's 
Exchequer, which place he enjoyed after the death 
of his uncle, he having left no male issue, only 



38 MEMOIR OF 

two daughters, who had both great fortunes in 
land and money, and married into the best families 
in Essex in that time. This was the rise of your 
great-grandfather, who, with his office and his 
Derbyshire estate, raised the family to what it 
hath been and now is. He had one only brother, 
Robert Fanshawe, who had a good estate in Der- 
byshire, and lived in Fanshawe-Gate, which he 
hired of his eldest brother, your great-grand- 
father. 

In this house my mother was born, Margaret, 
the eldest daughter of Robert, your great-great 
uncle : he married one of the daughters of Row- 
land Eyes, of Bradway, in the same county of 
Derby, by whom he had twelve sons and two 
daughters : that family remains in Dronfield to 
this dav. 

Your great-grandfather, married Alice Bour- 
chier, of the last Earl of Bath's family,* by whom 
he had only one son that lived, Henry, which was 
your grandfather ; afterwards when he had been 
two years a widower, he married one of the daugh- 
ters of Customer Smythe, who had six sons and 

* This was not the fact. She was the daughter of Anthony 
Bourchier, Esq. of the County of Gloucester, a family in no 
way connected with the noble house of Bath. 



LADY FANSHAWE. 39 

six daughters : his sons were Sir John S my the, 
Sir Thomas Smythe, Sir Richard Smythe, Sir 
Robert Smythe, Mr. William Smythe, and Mr. 
Edward Smythe, who died young : two were 
knighted by Queen Elizabeth, and two by King 
James ; the eldest was grandfather of the now 
Lord Strangford ; the second had been several 
times ambassador, and all married into good fami- 
lies, and left great estates to their posterity, which 
remain to this day. The daughters were Mrs. 
Fanshawe, your great-grandmother-in-law ; the 
second married Sir John Scott, of Kent ; the third 
married Sir John Davies, of the same county ; 
the fourth married Sir Robert Poynz, of Leices- 
tershire ; the fifth married Thomas Butler, of 
Herald, Esq., and the sixth married Sir Henry 
Fanshawe, your grandfather : these all left a 
numerous posterity but Davies, and this day 
they are matched into very considerable families.* 

* Lady Fanshawe is not quite correct in her account of the 
Smythe family, and the statements in Peerages are equally erro- 
neous. Thomas Smythe, Esq. of Ostenhanger, in Kent, Farme 
of the Customs to Philip and Mary, and to Queen Elizabeth, 
was the second son of John Smythe, Esq. (whose ancestors were 
seated at Corsham, in Wiltshire, as early as tlielSth century,) 
by Joan, daughter of Robert Brounker, ancestor of the cele- 
brated Viscount Brounker. Customer Smythe died in 1591, 



40 MEMOIR OF 

Your great-grandfather had by his second wife. 
Sir Thomas Fanshawe, Clerk of the Crown, and 
Surveyor-General of King James ; to him he gave 
his manor of Jenkins, in Essex, valued at near 
two thousand a year. 

and had by Alice, daughter and heiress of Sir Andrew 
Judde, Lord Mayor of London, and one of the representatives 
of Archbishop Chicheley, seven sons and six daughters. 1. 
Andrew, who died young. 2. Sir John, of Ostenhanger, 
father of Sir Thomas Smythe, K. B. who married Lady 
Barbara Sydney, daughter of Robert first Earl of Leicester, 
K.G. was created \'iscount Strangford, in Ireland, in 1628, and 
was the ancestor of Percy Clinton Sydney Smythe, sixth and 
present \'iscount Strangford and first Baron Penshurst, G.C.B. 
3. Henry Smythe, of Corsham. 4. Sir Thomas Smythe, of 
Bidborough, in the county of Kent, ambassador to Russia 
in 1604, whose male descendants became extinct on the death 
of Sir Stafford Sydney Smythe, Chief Baron of the Exchequer, 
in 1778. 5. Sir Richard Smythe, of Leeds Castle, in Kent, 
whose son, Sir John, dying issueless in 1632, his sisters became 
his co-heiresses. 6. Robert Smythe, of Highgate, who left issue. 
7. Symon Smythe, killed at the siege of Cadiz m 1597. Of 
the daughters of Customer Smythe, Mary married Robert 
Davye, of London, Esq. ; Ursula married, first, Simon Harding, 
of London, Esq., and secondly William Butler, of Bidenham, 
in Bedfordshire, Esq.; Johanna was the wife of Thomas Fan- 
shawe, of Ware Park, Herts, Esq. ; Katherine was first the 
wife of Sir Rowland Hayward. Lord Mayor of London, and 
secondly of Sir John Scott, of Scott's Hall, in Kent; Alice mar- 
ried Edward Harris, of Woodham, in Essex, Esq. ; and Eliza- 
beth, the sixth and youngest daughter, was the wife of Sir 



LADY FAN SHAW E. 41 

His second son by the same wife, William, he 
procured to be Auditor of the Duchy, whose pos- 
terity hath in Essex, at Parslowes, about seven or 
eight hundred pounds a year. His eldest daugh- 
ter married Sir Christopher Hatton, heir to the 
Lord Chancellor Hatton ; his second married Sir 
Benjamin Ayloffe, of Brackstead, in Essex ; the 
third married Mr. Bullock Harding, in Derby- 
shire ; all men of very great estates. As your 
grandfather inherited Ware Park and his office, 
the flower of his father's estate, so did he of his 
wisdom and parts ; and both were happy in the 
favour of the princes of that time, for Queen Eliza- 
beth said that your grandfather was the best 
officer of accounts she had, and a person of great 
integrity ; and your grandfather was the favourite 
of Prince Henry, and had the Prince lived to be 
King, had been Secretary of State, as he would 
often tell him. Mr. Camden speaks much in 
praise, as you may see, of Sir Henry Fanshawe's 

Henry Faushawe, Remembrancer of the Exchequer, father of 
Sir Richard Fanshawe, the Ambassador. Sir Robert Poyntz, 
of Leicestershire, is a mistake of Lady Fanshawe's for Sir 
James Poyntz, of North Oxenden, in Essex, who married 
Mary, the sister and co-heiress of Sir John Smythe, son of Sir 
Richard, of Bidborough, before mentioned, and grand-daugh- 
ter of the Customer. 



42 MEMOIR OF 

garden of Ware Park, none excelling it in flowers, 
physic herbs, and fruit, in which things he did 
greatly delight ; also he was a great lover of mu- 
sic, and kept many gentlemen that were perfectly 
well qualified both in that and the Italian tongue, 
in which he spent some time. He likewise kept 
several horses of manege, and rid them himself, 
which he delighted in, and the Prince would say 
none did it better ; he had great honour and ge- 
nerosity in his nature, and to show you a little 
part of which I will tell you this of him. He had 
a horse that the then Earl of Exeter was much 
pleased with, and Sir Henry esteemed, because he 
deserved it. INIy Lord, after some apology, de- 
sired Sir Henry to let him have his horse and he 
would give him what he would ; he replied, ' My 
Lord, I have no thoughts of selling him but to 
serve you ; I bought him of such a person, and 
gave so much for him, and that shall be my price 
to you as I paid, being sixty pieces' ; my Lord 
Exeter said, ' That 's too much, but I will give 
you. Sir Henry, fifty ,' to which he made no answer; 
next day my Lord sent a gentleman with sixty 
pieces, Sir Henry made answer, ' That was the price 
he paid and once had offered him, my Lord, at, 
but not being accepted, his price now was eighty ;' 



LADY FANSHAWE. 43 

at the receiving of this answer my Lord Exeter 
stormed, and sent his servant back with seventy 
pieces. Sir Henry said, that ' since my Lord would 
not Hke him at eighty pieces, he would not sell 
him under a hundred pieces, and if he returned 
with less he would not sell him at all"* ; upon which 
my Lord Exeter sent one hundred pieces and had 
the horse. His retinue was great, and that made 
him stretch his estate, which was near if not full 
four thousand pounds a year ; yet when he died, 
he left no debt upon his estate. He departed this 
life at the age of forty-eight years, and lies buried 
in the chancel, in a vault with his father in the 
parish church of Ware : he was as handsome and 
as fine a gentleman as England then had, a most 
excellent husband, father, friend, and servant to 
his Prince. He left in the care of my lady his 
widow, five sons and five daughters. His eldest 
son succeeded him in his lands and office, and 
after the restoration of the King, he was made 
Lord Viscount of Dromore in Ireland ; he did en- 
gage his person and estate for the crown, and 
fought in the battle of Edgehill, and this ruined 
his estate, and was the cause of his sons selling 
Ware Park; afterwards he tried, by the King's 
assistance, to be reimbursed, but could not pre- 



44 MEiMOIR OF 

vail. He was a very worthy, valiant, honest, good- 
natured gentleman, charitable, and generous, and 
had excellent natural parts, yet choleric and rash, 
which was only incommode to his own famil}^ : he 
was a very pretty man, for he was but low, of a 
sanguine complexion, much a gentleman in his 
mien and language ; he was sixty-nine years of 
age when he died, and is buried with his ancestors 
in Ware Church. 

He married first the daughter of Sir Giles 
AUington, by whom he hath a daughter called 
Anne, who remains a maid to this day ; his second 
wife was Elizabeth, daughter to Sir William 
Cockain, Lord Mayor of London. She was a 
very good wife, but not else qualified extraordi- 
nary in any thing. She brought him many chil- 
dren, whereof now remain three sons and five 
daughters. 

Thomas, Lord Viscount Fanshawe, his eldest 
son, died in May 1674; he was a handsome gen- 
tleman, of an excellent understanding, and great 
honour and honesty. He married the daughter 
and sole heir of Knitton Ferrers, of Bedford- bury, 
in the county of Hertford, Esq., by whom he had 
no child. After his father's death he married the 
daughter of Sir John Evelyn, widow to Sir John 



LADY FANSHAWE. 45 

Wrey, of Lincolnshire ; by this wife he had seve- 
ral children, of which only two survived him, 
Thomas, now Lord Viscount Fanshawe, and Ka- 
therine. His widow is lately married unto my 
Lord Castleton, of Senbeck, in Yorkshire. He 
lies buried with his ancestors in the Parish Church 
of Ware. Your uncle Henry, that was the se- 
cond, was killed in fighting gallantly in the Low 
Countries with the English colours in his hand. 
He was very handsome and a very brave man, 
beloved and lamented by all who knew him. The 
third died a bachelor ; I knew him not. The 
fourth is Sir Simon Fanshawe, a gallant gentle- 
man, but more a libertine than any of his family ; 
he married a very fine and good woman, and of a 
great estate ; she was daughter and coheir to Sir 
William Walter, and widow to Knitton Ferrers, 
son to Sir John Ferrers, of Hertfordshire. 

Your father, Sir Richard Fanshawe, Knight 
and Baronet, one of the Masters of the Requests, 
Secretary of the Latin Tongue, Burgess for the 
University of Cambridge, and one of his Majesty's 
most honourable Privy Council of England and 
Ireland, and his Majesty's Ambassador to Portu- 
gal and Spain, was the fifth and youngest son. 
He married me, the eldest daughter of Sir John 



46 MEMOIR OF 

Harrison, Knight, of Balls, in the county of Hert- 
ford ; he. was married at thirty-five years of age, 
and lived with me twenty-three years and twenty- 
nine days ; he lies buried in a new vault I pur- 
chased of Humphry, Lord Bishop of London, in 
St. Mary's Chapel in the Church of Ware, near 
his ancestors, over which I built him a monument. 
My dear husband had six sons and eight daugh- 
ters, born and christened, and I miscarried of six 
more, three at several times, and once of three 
sons when I was about half gone my time. Har- 
rison, my eldest son, and Henry, my second son ; 
Richard, my third ; Henry, my fourth ; and 
Richard, my fifth, are all dead; my second lies 
buried in the Protestant Church-yard in Paris, 
by the father of the Earl of Bristol ; my eldest 
daughter Anne lies buried in the Parish Church of 
Tankersley, in Yorkshire, where she died ; Eli- 
zabeth lies in the Chapel of the French Hospital 
at Madrid, where she died of a fever at ten days 
old ; my next daughter of her name lies buried in 
the Parish of Foot's Cray, in Kent, near Frog- 
Pool, my brother Warwick's house, where she 
died ; and my daughter Marj lies in my father's 
vault in Hertford, with my first son Henry ; my 
eldest lies buried in the Parish Church of St. 



LADY FANSHAWE. 47 

John's College in Oxford, where he was born ; 
my second Henry lies in Bengy Church, in Hert- 
fordshire ; and my second Richard in the Espe- 
ranza in Lisbon in Portugal, he being born ten 
weeks before my time when I was in that Court. 
I praise God I have living yourself and four sis- 
ters, Katherine unmarried, Margaret married to 
Vincent Grantham, Esq. of Goltho, in the county 
of Lincoln, Anne, and Elizabeth. 

Now I have shown you the most part of your 
family by the male line, except Sir Thomas Fan- 
shawe, of Jenkins, who has but one child, and 
that a daughter, and two brothers, both unmar- 
ried. Their father as well as themselves was a 
worthy honest gentleman and a great sufferer for 
the crown, wholly engaging his estate for the 
maintenance thereof; and so is my cousin John 
Fanshawe, of Parslowes, in Essex, who hath but 
two sons, one unmarried by his first wife, who 
was the daughter of Sir William Kingsmill ; and 
the other is a child whom he had by his last wife, 
the daughter of my cousin, Thomas Fanshawe, of 
Jenkins. 

I confess I owe Sir Thomas Fanshawe as good 
a character as I can express, for he fully deserves 
it, both for his true honours, and most excellent 



48 MEMOIR OF 

acquired and natural parts ; and that which is of 
me most esteemed, he was your father'*s intimate 
friend as well as near kinsman ; and during the 
time of the war he was very kind to us, by assist- 
ing us in our wants, which were as great as his 
supports ; which, though, I thank God, I have 
fully repaid, yet must ever remain obliged for his 
kindness and the esteem he hath for us. 

He married the daughter and heir of Sir Ed^ 
ward Heath, a pretty lady and a good woman ; 
but I must here with thankfulness acknowledge 
God's bounty to your family, who hath bestowed 
most excellent wives on most of them, both in 
person and fortune ; but with respect to the rest, 
I must give with all reverence justly your grand- 
mother the first and best place, who being left a 
widow at thirty-nine years of age, handsome, with 
a full fortune, all her children provided for, kept 
herself a widow, and out of her jointure and 
revenue purchased six hundred pounds a year 
for the younger children of her eldest son ; be- 
sides, she added five hundred pounds a piece to 
the portions of her younger children, having 
nine, whereof but one daughter was married be- 
fore the death of Sir Henry Fanshawe, and she 
was the second, her name was Mary, married to 



LADY FAT^SHAWE. 49 

William Neuce, Esq., of Hadham, in Hertford- 
shire ; the eldest daughter married Sir Capell 
Bedells, of Hammerton, in Huntingdonshire ; the 
third never married ; the fourth married Sir Wil- 
liam Boteler, of Teston, in Kent ; the fifth died 
young. Thus you have been made acquainted 
with most of your nearest relations by your father, 
except your cousins german, which are the three 
sons of your uncle, Lord Fanshawe, and William 
Neuce, Esq., and his two brothers, and Sir Oliver 
Boteler, and my Lady Campbell, three maiden sis- 
ters of hers, and my Lady Levingthorpe, of Black- 
ware, in Hertfordshire. There was more, but 
they are dead ; and so are the most part of them 
I have named, but their memories will remain as 
long as their names, for honest, worthy, virtuous 
men and women, who served God in their genera- 
tions in their several capacities, and without va- 
nity none exceeded them in their loyalty, v/hich 
cost them dear, for there were as many fathers, 
sons, uncles, nephews, and cousins german, and 
those that matched to them, engaged and seques- 
tered for the crown in the time of the late rebel- 
lion as their revenue made nearly eighty thousand 
pounds a year, and this I have often seen a list of 
and know it to be true. 

D 



50 MEMOIR OF 

The use of which to you is, that you should 
not omit your duty to your king and country, 
nor be less in your industry to exceed at least, not 
shame, the excellent memory of your ancestors. 
They were all eminent officers ; and that, I be- 
lieve, keeping them ever employed, made them so 
good men. I hope in God the like parallel will 
be in you, which I heartily and daily pray for. 

I was born in St. Olaves, Hart-street, London, 
in a house that my father took of the Lord Ding- 
wall, father to the now Duchess of Ormond, in 
the year 1625, on our Lady Day, 25th of March. 
Mr. Hyde, Lady Alston, and Lady Wolsten- 
holme, were my godfather and godmothers. In 
that house I lived the winter times till I was fif- 
teen years old and three months, with my ever 
honoured and most dear mother, who departed 
this life on the 20th day of July, 1640, and now 
lies buried in Allhallow's Church, in Hertford. 
Her funeral cost my father above a thousand 
pounds; and Dr. Howlsworth preached her fu- 
neral sermon, in which, upon his own knowledge, 
he told before many hundreds of people this acci- 
dent following : that my mother, being sick to 
death of a fever three months after I was born, 
which was the occasion she gave me suck no 



LADY FANSHAWE. 51 

longer, her friends and servants thought to ail 
outward appearance that she was dead, and so 
lay almost two days and a night, but Dr. Winston 
coming to comfort my father, went into my mo- 
ther's room, and looking earnestly on her face, 
said ' she was so handsome, and now looks so love- 
ly, I cannot think she is dead** ; and suddenly took 
a lancet out of his pocket and with it cut the sole 
of her foot, which bled. Upon this, he immedi- 
ately caused her to be laid upon the bed again and 
to be rubbed, and such means as she came to life, 
and opening her eyes, saw two of her kinswomen 
stand by her, my Lady KnoUys and my Lady 
Russel], both with great wide sleeves, as the fashion 
then was, and said, Did not you promise me fif- 
teen years, and are you come again ? which they 
not understanding, persuaded her to keep her spi- 
rits quiet in that great weakness wherein she then 
was ; but some hours after she desired my father 
and Dr. Howlsworth might be left alone with her, 
to whom she said, ' I will acquaint you, that during 
the time of my trance I was in great quiet, but in a 
place I could neither distinguish nor describe ; but 
the sense of leaving my girl, who is dearer to me 
than all my children, remained a trouble upon my 
spirits. Suddenly I saw two by me, clothed in 
D 2 



52 MEMOIR OF 

long white garments, and me thought I fell down 
with my face in the dust ; and they asked why I 
was troubled in so great happiness. I replied, O 
let me have the same grant given to Hezekiah, 
that I may live fifteen years, to see my daughter a 
woman : to which they answered. It is done' ; and 
then, at that instant, I awoke out of my trance; 
and Dr. Howlsworth did there affirm, that that 
day she died made just fifteen years from that 
time. My dear mother was of excellent beauty 
and good understanding, a loving wife, and most 
tender mother ; very pious, and charitable to that 
degree, that she relieved, besides the offals of the 
table, which she constantly gave to the poor, many 
with her own hand daily out of her purse, and 
dressed many wounds of miserable people, when 
she had health, and when that failed, as it did of- 
ten, she caused her servants to supply that place. 
She left behind her three sons, all much older 
than myself. The eldest, John, married three 
wives : by his last, who was the daughter of Mr. 
Ludlow, a very ancient and noble family, he left 
two daughters, who are both unmarried. My 
second brother, William, died at Oxford with a 
bruise on his side, caused by the fall of his horse, 
which was shot under him, as he went out with a 



LADY FANSHAWE. 53 

party of horse against a party of the Earl of Es- 
sex, in 1643. He was a very good and gallant 
young man ; and they are the very words the 
king said of him, when he was told of his death : 
he was much lamented by all who knew him. The 
third, Abraham, hath left no issue ; I was the 
fourth, and my sister Margaret, the fifth, who 
married Sir Edmund Turner, of South Stock, in 
Lincolnshire, a worthy pious man. 

My father, in his old age, married again, the 
daughter of Mr. Shatbolt, of Hertfordshire, and 
had by her a son, Richard, and a daughter, Mary. 
The son married the eldest daughter of the now 
Lord Grandison, and the daughter married the 
eldest son of Sir Rowland Lytton, of Knebworth, 
in Hertfordshire. My father lived to see them 
both married ; and enjoyed a firm health until 
above eighty years of age. He was a handsome 
gentleman of great natural parts, a great ac- 
comptant, vast memory, an incomparable penman, 
of great integrity and service to his prince ; had 
been a member of several Parliaments ; a good 
husband and father, especially to me, who never 
can sufficiently praise God for him, nor acknow- 
ledge his most tender affection and bounty to me 
and mine ; but as in duty bound, I will for ever 



54 MEMOIR OF 

say, none had ever a kinder and better father than 
myself. He died on the 28th day of September, 
1 670 ; and lies buried by my mother in his own 
vault in Allhallows Church, in Hertford. 

My father was born at Bemond, in Lancashire ; 
the twelfth son of his father, whose mother was 
the daughter of Mr. Hippom, cousin german to 
the old Countess of Rivers. I have little know- 
ledge of my father's relations more than the fami- 
lies of Aston, Irland, Sandis, Bemond, and Curwen, 
who brought him to London and placed him with 
my Lord Treasurer Salisbury, then Secretary of 
State, who sent him into Sir John Wolstenliolm's 
family, and gave him a small place in the Custom- 
house, to enable him for the employment. He 
being of good parts and capacity in some time raised 
himself, by God's help, to get a very great estate, 
for I have often heard him say that, besides his 
education, he never had but twenty marks, which 
his father gave him when he came to London, and 
that was all he ever had for a portion. He made 
it appear with great truth that, during the time of 
the war, he lost by the rebels above one hundred 
and thirty thousand pounds, and yet he left his 
son sixteen hundred pounds a year in land, and 
gave his daughter above twenty thousand pounds. 



LADY FANSHAWE. 55 

Now it is necessary to say something of my 
mother's education of me, which was with all the 
advantages that time afforded, both for working 
all sorts of fine works with my needle, and learn- 
ing French, singing, lute, the virginals and danc- 
ing, and notwithstanding I learned as well as most 
did, yet was I wild to that degree, that the hours 
of my beloved recreation took up too much of my 
time, for I loved riding in the first place, running, 
and all active pastimes ; in short, I was that which 
we graver people call a hoyting girl ; but to be 
just to myself, I never did mischief to myself or 
people, nor one immodest word or action in my 
life, though skipping and activity was my delight, 
but upon' my mother's death, I then began to re- 
flect, and, as an offering to her memory, I flung 
away those little childnesses that had formerly 
possessed me, and, by my father's command, took 
upon me charge of his house and family, which I 
so ordered by my excellent mother's example as 
found acceptance in his sight. I was very well 
beloved by all our relations and my mother's 
friends, whom I paid a great respect to, and I 
ever was ambitious to keep the best company, 
which I have done, I thank God, all the days of 
my life. My father and mother were both great 



56 MEMOIR OF 

lovers and honourers of clergymen, but all of 
Cambridge, and chiefly Doctor Bamberge, Doctor 
Howlsworth, Broanbricke, Walley, and Mickel- 
thite, and Sanderson, with many others. We 
lived in great plenty and hospitality, but no lavish- 
ness in the least, nor prodigality, and, I believe, 
my father never drank six glasses of wine in his 
life in one day. 

About 1641, my brother, William Harrison, 

was chosen Burgess of , and sat in the Com- 

mons"* House of Parliament, but not long, for 
when the King set up his standard he went with 
him to Nottingham ; yet he, during his sitting, 
undertook that my father should lend one hun- 
dred and fifty thousand pounds to pay the Scots 
who had then entered England, and, as it seems, 
were to be both paid and prayed to go home, but 
afterwards their plague infected the whole nation, 
as to all our sorrows we know, and that debt of 
my father'*s remained to him until the restoration 
of the King. In 1642 my father was taken pri- 
soner at his house, called Montague House, in 
Bishopgate Street, and threatened to be sent on 
board a ship with many more of his quality, and 
then they plundered his house, but he getting 
loose, under pretence to fetch some writings they 



LADY FANSHAWE. 57 

demanded in his hands concerning the public re- 
venue, he went to Oxford in 1643, and thereupon 
the Long Parliament, of which he was a member 
for the town of Lancaster, plundered him out of 
what remained, and sequestered his whole estate, 
which continued out of his possession until the 
happy restoration of the King. 

My father commanded my sister and myself to 
come to him to Oxford where the Court then was, 
but we, that had till that hour lived in great 
plenty and great order, found ourselves like fishes 
out of the water, and the scene so changed, that 
we knew not at all how to act any part but obedi- 
ence, for, from as good a house as any gentleman 
of England had, we came to a baker^s house in an 
obscure street, and from rooms well furnished, to 
lie in a very bad bed in a garret, to one dish of 
meat, and that not the best ordered, no money, 
for we were as poor as Job, nor clothes more than 
a man or two brought in their cloak bags : we 
had the perpetual discourse of losing and gaining 
towns and men ; at the windows the sad spectacle 
of war, sometimes plague, sometimes sicknesses of 
other kind, by reason of so many people being pack- 
ed together, as, I believe, there never was before of 
that quality ; always in want, yet I must needs 
D 5 . 



58 MEMOIR OF 

say that mosf, bore it with a martyr-like cheerful- 
ness. For my own part, I began to think we 
should all, like Abraham, live in tents all the 
days of our lives. The King sent my father a 
warrant for a baronet, but he returned it with 
thanks, saying he had too much honovir of his 
knighthood which his Majesty had honoured him 
with some years before, for the fortune he now 
possessed : but as in a rock the turbulence of the 
waves disperses the splinters of the rock, so it was 
my lot, for having buried my dear brother, Wil- 
liam Harrison, in Exeter College Chapel, I then 
married your dear father in 1644 in Wolvercot 
Church, two miles from Oxford, upon the 18th day 
of May. None was at our wedding but my dear 
father, who, at my mother's desire, gave me her 
wedding-ring, with which I was married, and my 
sister Margaret, and my brother and sister Bo- 
teler. Sir Edward Hyde, afterwards Lord Chan- 
cellor, and Sir Geoffry Palmer, the King's Attor- 
ney. Before 1 was married, my husband was 
sworn Secretary of War to the Prince, now our 
King, with a promise from Charles I. to be pre- 
ferred as soon as occasion offered it, but both his 
fortune and my promised portion, which was made 
10,000/., were both at that time in expectation, 



LADY FANSHAWE. 59 

and we might truly be called merchant adven- 
turers, for the stock we set up our trading with 
did not amount to twenty pounds betwixt us ; 
but, however, it was to us as a little piece of ar- 
mour is against a bullet, which if it be right 
placed, though no bigger than a shilling, serves as 
well as a whole suit of armour ; so our stock 
bought pen, ink, and paper, which was your fa- 
ther's trade, and by it, I assure you, we lived bet- 
ter than those that were born to 2000/. a year as 
long as he had his liberty. Here stay till I have 
told you your father's life until I married him. 

He was but seven years old when his father 
died, and his mother, my Lady, designed him for 
the law, having bred him first with that famous 
schoolmaster Mr. Farnaby, and then under the 
tuition of Dr. Beale, in Jesus College in Cam- 
bridge, from whence, being a most excellent La- 
tinist, he was admitted into the Inner Temple ; 
but it seemed so crabbed a study, and disagree- 
able to his inclinations, that he rather studied to 
obey his mother than to make any progress in the 
law. Upon the death of his mother, whom he 
dearly loved and honoured, he went into France 
to Paris, where he had three cousins german, 
Lord Strangford, Sir John Baker of Kent, and 



60 MEMOIR OF 

my cousin Thornhill. The whole stock he carried 
with him was eighty pieces of gold, and French 
silver to the value of live pounds in his pocket ; 
his gold was quilted in his doublet; he went by 
post to lodgings in the Fauxbourg St. Germain, 
with an intent to rest that night, and the next day 
to find out his kindred ; but the devil, that never 
sleeps, so ordered it, that two friars entered the 
chamber wherein he was, and welcoming him, 
being his countrymen, invited him to play, he 
innocently only intending diversion, till his sup- 
per was ready ; but that was not their design, for 
having engaged him, they left him not as long as 
he was worth a groat, which when they discover- 
ed, they gave him five pieces of his money until 
he could recruit himself by his friends, which he 
did the next day : and from that time forward 
never played for a piece. It came to pass, that 
seven years after, my husband being in Hun- 
tingdonshire, at a bowling-green, with Sir Capel 
Bedells, and many other persons of quality, one in 
the company was called Captain Taller. My hus- 
band, who had a very quick and piercing eye, 
marked him much, as knowing his face, and 
found, through his peruke wig, and scarlet cloak 
and buif suit, that his name was neither Captain 



LADY FANSHAWE. 61 

nor Taller, but the honest Jesuit called Friar 
Sherwood, that had cheated him of the greatest 
part of his money, and after had lent him the five 
pieces ; so your father went to him, and gave him 
his five pieces, and said, ' Father Sherwood, I 
know you, and you know this:' at which he was 
extremely surprised, and begged of your father 
not to discover him, for his life was in danger. 
After a year's stay in Paris, he travelled to Mad- 
rid in Spain, there to learn that language ; at the 
same time, for that purpose, went the late Earl of 
Caernarvon, and my Lord of Bedford, and Sir 
John Berkeley, and several other gentlemen. Af- 
terwards, having spent some years abroad, he re- 
turned to London, and gave so good an account 
of his travels, that he was about the year 1630 
made Secretary of the Embassy, when my Lord 
Aston went Ambassador. During your father's 
travels, he had spent a considerable part of his 
stock, which his father and mother left him : in 
those days, where there were so many younger 
children, it was considerable, being 50/. a year, 
and 1,500/. in money. Upon the return of the 
ambassador, your father was left resident until 
Sir Arthur Hopton went Ambassador, and then 
he came home about the year 1637 or 1638; and 



62 MEMOIR OF 

I must tell you here of an accident your father 
had coming out of Spain in this journey post : he 
going into a bed for some few hours to refresh 
himself, in a village five leagues from Madrid, he 
slept so soundly, that notwithstanding the house 
was on fire, and all the people of the village there, 
he never waked ; but the honesty of the owners 
was such, that they carried him, and set him asleep 
upon a piece of timber on the highway ; and there 
he awaked, and found his portmanteau and clothes 
by him, without the least loss, which i& extraor- 
dinary, considering the profession of his land- 
lord, who had at that time his house burnt to the 
ground. 

After being here a year or two, and no prefer- 
ment coming, Secretary Windebank calling him 
Puritan, being his enemy, because himself was a 
Papist, he was, by his elder brother, put into the 
place of the King^s Remembrancer, absolutely, 
with this proviso, that he should be accountable 
for the use of the income; but if in seven years he 
would pay 8,000/. for it to his brother, then it 
should be his, with the whole revenue of it ; but 
the war breaking out presently after, put an end 
to this design ; for, being the King'*s sworn ser- 
vant, he went to the King at Oxford, as well as 



LADY FANSHAWE. 63 

his fellows, to avoid the fury of this madness of the 
people, where, having been almost a year, we mar- 
ried, as I said before; and I will continue my dis- 
course where we left. 

Now we appear on the stage, to act what part 
God designed us ; and as faith is the evidence of 
things not seen, so we, upon so righteous a cause, 
cheerfully resolved to suffer what that would 
drive us to, which afflictions were neither few nor 
small, as you will find. This year the Prince had 
an established Council, which were the Earl of 
Berkshire. Earl of Bradford, Lord Capel, Lord 
Colepeper, Lord Hopton, and Sir Edward Hyde, 
Chancellor of the Exchequer. My husband was 
then, as I said, newly entered into his office of 
secretary of the Council of War, and the King- 
would have had him then to have been sworn 
his Highnesses Secretary ; but the Queen, who 
was then no friend to my husband, because he 
had formerly made Secretary Windebank appear 
in his colours, who was one of her Majesty's fa- 
vourites, wholly obstructed that then, and placed 
with the Prince Sir Robert Long, for whom she 
bad a great kindness ; but the consequence will 
show the man. 

The beginning of March 1645, your father 



64 MEMOIR OP 

went to Bristol with his new master, and this was 
his first journey : I then lying-in of my first son, 
Harrison Fanshawe, who was born on the 22nd 
of February, he left me behind him. As for that, 
it was the first time we had parted a day since we 
married ; he was extremely afflicted, even to tears, 
though passion was against his nature ; but the 
sense of leaving me with a dying child, which did 
die two days after, in a garrison town, extremely 
weak, and very poor, were such circumstances as 
he could not bear with, only the argument of 
necessity ; and, for my own part, it cost me so 
dear, that I was ten weeks before I could go alone ; 
but he, by all opportunities, wrote to me to for- 
tify myself, and to comfort me in the company of 
my father and sister, who were both with me, and 
that as soon as the Lords of the Council had their 
wives come to them I should come to him, and 
that I should receive the first money he got, and 
hoped it would be suddenly. By the help of 
God, with these cordials I recovered my former 
strength by little and little, nor did I in my dis- 
tressed condition lack the conversation of many of 
my relations then in Oxford, and kindnesses of 
very many of the nobility and gentry, both for 
goodness sake, and because your father being 



LADY FANSHAWE. 65 

there in good employment, they found him ser- 
viceable to themselves or friends, which friend- 
ships none better distinguished between his place 
and person than your father. 

It was in May 1645, the first time I went out 
of my chamber and to church, where, after ser- 
vice, Sir William Parkhurst, a very honest gen- 
tleman, came to me, and said he had a letter for 
me from your father and fifty pieces of gold, and 
was coming to bring them me. I opened first 
my letter, and read those inexpressible joys that 
almost overcame me, for he told me I should the 
Thursday following come to him, and to that 
purpose he had sent me that money, and would 
send two of his men with horses, and all accom- 
modation both for myself, my father, and sister, 
and that Lady Capell and Lady Bradford would 
meet me on the way ; but that gold your father 
sent me v^^hen I was ready to perish, did not so 
much revive me as his summons. I went imme- 
diately to walk, or at least to sit in the air, being 
very weak, in the garden of St. John's College, 
and there, with my good father, communicated 
my joy, who took great pleasure to hear of my 
husband's good success and likewise of his journey 
to him. We, all of my household being present, 



66 MEMOIR OF 

heard drums beat in the highway, under the gar- 
den wall. My father asked me if I would go up 
upon the mount to see the soldiers march, for 
it was Sir Charles Lee's company of foot, an ac- 
quaintance of ours ; I said yes, and went up, 
leaning my back to a tree that grew on the mount. 
The commander seeing us there, in compliment 
gave us a volley of shot, and one of their muskets 
being loaded, shot a brace of bullets not two 
inches above my head as I leaned to the tree, for 
which mercy and deliverance I praise God. And 
next week we were all on our journey for Bristol 
very merry, and thought that now all things 
would mend, and the worst of my misfortunes 
past, but little thought I to leap into the sea that 
would toss me until it had racked me ; but we 
were to ride all night by agreement, for fear of 
the enemy surprising us as we passed, they quar- 
tering in the way. About nightfall having tra- 
velled about twenty miles, we discovered a troop 
of horse coming towards us, which proved to be 
Sir Marmaduke Rawdon, a worthy commander, 
and my countryman : he told me, that hearing I 
was to pass by his garrison, he was come out to 
conduct me, he hoped as far as was danger, which 
was about twelve miles : with many thanks we 



LADY FANSHAWE. 67 

parted, and having refreshed ourselves and horses, 
we set forth for Bristol, where we arrived on the 
20th of May. 

My husband had provided very good lodgings 
for us, and as soon as he could come home 
from the Council, where he was at my arri- 
val, he with all expressions of joy received me 
in his arms, and gave me a hundred pieces of 
gold, saying, " I know thou that keeps my heart 
so well, will keep my fortune, which from this 
time I will ever put into thy hands as God 
shall bless me with increase." And now I thought 
myself a perfect qi:^^en, and my husband so glo- 
rious a crown, that I more valued myself to be 
called by his name than born a princess, for I 
knew him very wise and very good, and his 
soul doted on me; upon which confidence I will 
tell you what happened. My Lady Rivers, a 
brave woman, and one that had suffered many 
thousand pounds loss for the King, and whom I 
had a great reverence for, and she a kindness for 
me as a kinswoman, — in discourse she tacitly com- 
mended the knowledge of state affairs, and that 
some women were very happy in a good under- 
standing thereof, as my Lady Aubigny, Lady 
Isabel Thynne, and divers others, and yet none 



68 MEMOIR OF 

was at first more capable than I ; that in the night 
she knew there came a post from Paris from the 
Queen, and that she would be extremely glad to 
hear what the Queen commanded the King in or- 
der to his affairs ; saying, if I would ask my hus- 
band privately, he would tell me what he found 
in the packet, and I might tell her. I that was 
young and innocent, and to that day had never in 
my mouth what news, began to think there was 
more in inquiring into public affairs than I thought 
of, and that it being a fashionable thing would 
make me more beloved of my husband, if that had 
been possible, than I was. When my husband 
returned home from Council, after welcoming him, 
as his custom ever was he went with his handful 
of papers into his study for an hour or more ; I 
followed him ; he turned hastily, and said, ' What 
wouldst thou have, my life ?"" I told him, I 
heard the Prince had received a packet from the 
Queen, and I guessed it was that in his hand, and 
I desired to know what was in it ; he smilingly 
replied, ' My love, I will immediately come to 
thee, pray thee go, for I am very busy." When he 
came out of his closet I revived my suit ; he kiss- 
ed me, and talked of other things. At supper I 
would eat nothing; he as usual sat by me, and 



LADY TANSHAWE. 69 

drank often to me, which was his custom, and was 
full of discourse to company that was at table. 
Going to bed I asked again, and said I could not 
believe he loved me if he refused to tell me all he 
knew; but he answered nothing, but stopped my 
mouth with kisses. So we went to bed, I cried, 
and he went to sleep. Next morning early, as his 
custom was, he called to rise, but began to dis- 
course with me first, to which I made no reply ; 
he rose, came on the other side of the bed and 
kissed me, and drew the curtains softly and went 
to Court. When he came home to dinner, he pre- 
sently came to me as was usual, and when I had 
him by the hand, I said, ' Thou dost not care to 
see me troubled ;' to which he taking me in his 
arms, answered, ' My dearest soul, nothing upon 
earth can afflict me like that, and when you asked 
me of my business, it was wholly out of my power 
to satisfy thee, for my life and fortune shall be 
thine, and every thought of my heart in which 
the trust I am in may not be revealed, but my 
honour is my own, which I cannot preserve if I 
communicate the Prince's affairs ; and pray thee 
with this answer rest satisfied.' So great was his 
reason and goodness, that upon consideration it 
made my folly appear to me so vile, that from 



70 MEMOIR OF , 

that day until the day of his death I never thought 
fit to ask him any business but what he commu- 
nicated freely to me in order to his estate or fa- 
mily. My husband grew much in the Princess 
favour ; and Mr. Long not being suffered to ex- 
ecute the business of his place, as the Council 
suspected that he held private intelligence with 
the Earl of Essex, which when he perceived he 
went into the enemy's quarters, and so to London, 
and then into France, full of complaints of the 
Prince''s Council to the Queen-Mother, and when 
he was gone your father supplied his place. 

About July this year, [1645,] the plague in- 
creased so fast in Bristol, that the Prince and all 
his retinue went to Barnstaple, which is one of 
the finest towns in England ; and your father and 
I went two days after the Prince ; for during all 
the time I was in the Court I never journeyed 
but either before him, or when he was gone, nor 
ever saw him but at church, for it was not in 
those days the fashion for honest women, except 
they had business, to visit a man's Court. I saw 
there at Mr. Palmer's, where we lay, who was a 
merchant, a parrot above a hundred years old. 
They have, near this town, a fruit called a mas 
sard, like a cherry, but different in taste, and 



LADY FANSHAWE. 71 

makes the best pies with their sort of cream I ever 
eat. My Lady Capell here left us, and with a 
pass from the Earl of Essex, went to London with 
her eldest daughter, now Marquesse of Worcester. 
Sir Allan Apsley was governor of the town, and 
we had all sorts of good provision and accommo- 
dation ; but the Prince's affairs calling him from 
that place, we went to Launceston, in Cornwall, 
and thither came very many gentlemen of that 
county to do their duties to his Highness : they 
were generally loyal to the crown and hospitable 
to their neighbours, but they are of a crafty and 
censorious nature, as most are so far from London. 
That country hath great plenty, especially of fish 
and fowl, but nothing near so fat and sweet as 
within forty miles of London. We were quarter- 
ed at Truro, twenty miles beyond Launceston, in 
which place I had like to have been robbed. One 
night having with me but seven or eight persons, 
my husband being then at Launceston with his 
master, somebody had discovered that my husband 
had a little trunk of the Prince's in keeping, in 
which were some jewels that tempted, them us to 
assay ; but, praised be God, I defended, with the 
few servants I had, the house so long that help 
came from the town to my rescue, which was not 



72 MEMOIR OF 

above a flight shot from the place where I dwelt ; 
and the next day upon my notice my husband 
sent me a guard by his Highness's command. 
From thence the Court removed to Pendennis 
Castle, some time commanded by Sir Nicholas 
Slanning, who lost, his life bravely in the King's 
service,* and left an excellent name behind him. 
In this place came Sir John Granville into his 
Highness's service, and was made a gentleman of 
his bedchamber. His father was a very honest 
gentleman, and lost his life in the King's ser- 
vice ; and his uncle. Sir Richard, was a good 
commander but a little too severe. 1 was at Pen- 
zance with my father, and in the same town was 
my brother Fanshawe and his lady and children. 
My father and that family embarked for Morlaix, 
in Brittanny, with my father's new wife, which he 
had then married out of that family. My cousin, 
Fanshawe, of Jenkins, and his eldest son, being 
with them, went also over, but being in a small 
vessel of that port and surprised with a great 
storm, they had all like to have been cast away, 
which forced them to land in a little creek, two 
leagues from Morlaix, upon the 28th of March, 

* He was killed at the siege of Bristol. 



LADY FANSHAWE. 73 

1646; and five days after the Prince and all his 
council embarked themselves in a ship called the 
Phoenix, for the Isles of Scilly. They went 
from the Land's-end, and so did we; being ac- 
companied with many gentlemen of that country, 
among whom was Sir Francis Basset, Governor of 
the Mount, an honest gentleman, and so were all 
his family ; and in particular we received great 
civility from them. But w^e left our house and 
furniture with Captain Bluet, who promised to 
keep them until such a time as we could dispose 
of them ; but when we sent, he said he had been 
plundered of them, notwithstanding it was well 
known he lost nothing of his own. At that time 
this loss went deep with us, for we lost to the va- 
lue of 200/. and more. But, as the proverb saith, 
an evil chance seldom comes alone : we having 
put all our present estate into two trunks, and 
carried them aboard with us in a ship commanded 
by Sir Nicholas Crispe, whose skill and honesty 
the master and seamen had no opinion of, my hus- 
band was forced to appease their mutiny which 
his miscarriage caused ; and taking out money to 
pay the seamen, that night following they broke 
open one of our trunks, and took out a bag of 60/. 
and a quantity of gold lace, with our best clothes 

E 



74 MEMOIR OF 

and linen, with all my combs, gloves, and ribbons, 
which amounted to near 300/. more. The next 
day, after having been pillaged, and extremely 
sick and big with child, I was set on shore almost 
dead in the Island of Scilly. When we had got to 
our quarters near the Castle, where the Prince 
lay, I went immediately to bed, which was so vile, 
that my footman ever lay in a better, and we had 
but three in the whole house, which consisted of 
four rooms, or rather partitions, two low rooms 
and two little lofts, with a ladder to go up : in one 
of these they kept dried fish, which was his trade, 
and in this my husband's two clerks lay, one 
there was for my sister, and one for myself, and 
one amongst the rest of the servants. But, when 
I waked in the morning, I was so cold I knew 
not what to do, but the daylight discovered that 
my bed was near swimming with the sea, which 
the owner told us afterwards it never did so 
but at spring tide. With this, we were destitute 
of clothes, — and meat, and fuel, for half the 
Court to serve them a month was not to be had 
in the whole island ; and truly we begged our 
daily bread of God, for we thought every meal 
our last. The Council sent for provisions to 
France, which served us, but they were bad, and 



LADY FANSHAWE. 75 

a little of them. Then, after three weeks and odd 
days, we set sail for the Isle of Jersey, where we 
safely arrived, praised be God, beyond the belief 
of all the beholders from that island ; for the pilot 
not knowing the way into the harbour, sailed over 
the rocks, but being spring tide, and by chance 
high water, God be praised, his Highness and all 
of us came safe ashore through so great a danger. 
Sir George Carteret was Lieutenant-Governor of 
the island, under my Lord St. Albans : a man for- 
merly bred a sea-boy, and born in that island, the 
brother's son of Sir Philip Carteret, whose younger 
daughter he afterwards married. He endeavour- 
ed, with all his power, to entertain his Highness 
and Court with all plenty and kindness possible, 
both which the island afforded, and what was 
wanting, he sent for out of France. 

There are in this island two castles, both good, 
but St. Mary's is best, and hath the largest recep- 
tion. There are many gentlemen's houses, at which 
we were entertained : they have fine walks along 
to their doors, double elms or oaks, which is ex- 
tremely pleasant, and their ordinary highways are 
good walks, by reason of the shadow. The whole 
place is grass, except some small parcels where 
corn is grown. The chiefest employment is knit- 
E 2 



76 MEMOIR OF 

ting ; they neither speak English nor good French ; 
they are a cheerful, good-natured people, and tru- 
ly subject to the present government. We quar- 
tered at a widow's house in the market-place, Ma- 
dame De Pommes, a stocking merchant : here I 
was upon the 7th of March,* 1646, delivered of 
my second child, a daughter, christened Anne. 
And now there began great disputes about the 
Prince, for the Queen would have him to Paris, 
to which end she sent many letters and messengers 
to his Highness and Council, who were for the 
most part against his going, both to the Queen 
his mother, and his going to France, for reasons 
of state, but the Queen having an excellent soli- 
citor in the Lord Colepeper, it was resolved by 
his Highness to go : upon which Lord Capell, 
Lord Hopton, and the Chancellor staid at Jersey, 
and with them my husband, whose employment 
ceased when his master went out of his father's 
kingdom ; — not that your father sided with either 
party of the Council, but having no inclination at 
that time to go to the Court, and because his bro- 
ther, Lord Fan sh awe, was desperately sick at 
Caen, he intended to stay some time with him. 

* Query, May or June. She did not arrive in Jersey until 
April. 



LADY FANSHAWE. 77 

About the beginning of July, the Prince, ac- 
companied with the Earl of Bradford, a soldier of 
fortune, and Lord Colepeper, and the Earl of 
Berkshire, and most of his servants, went to Cot- 
anville, and from thence to Paris, where he re- 
mained some little time by his mother the Queen's 
council, and afterwards went into Holland. Your 
father and I remained fifteen days in Jersey, and 
resolved that he would remain with his brother in 
Caen, whilst he sent me into England, whither 
my father was gone a month before, to see if I 
could procure a sum of money. The beginning of 
August we took our leave of the governor's family, 
and left our child with a nurse under the care of 
the Lady Carteret;* and in four days we came to 
Caen, and myself, sister, and maid, went from 
Mr. Fanborne's house, where my brother and all 
his family lodged, aboard a small merchantman 
that lay in the river ; and upon the 30th of Au- 
gust, I arrived in the Cowes, near Southampton, to 
which place I went that night, and came to Lon- 

* It was apparently this Lady, of whom Pepys observes, 
30th June, 1662. "Told my Lady Carteret, how my Lady 
Fanshawe is fallen out with her only for speaking in behalf 
of the French : which my Lady wonders at, they having been 
formerly like sisters." — Diary, vol. i. p. 284. 



78 MEMOIR OP 

don two days after. This was the first time I had 
taken a journey without your father, and the first 
manage of business he ever put into my hands, in 
which I thank God I had good success ; for, lodg- 
ing in Fleet Street, at Mr. Eates, the Watch- 
maker, with my sister Boteler, I procured by the 
means of Colonel Copley, a great Parliament-man, 
whose wife had formerly been obliged to our fa- 
mily, a pass for your father to come and compound 
for 300/. which was a part of my fortune, but it 
was only a pretence, for your grandfather was 
obliged to compound for it, and deliver it us free. 
And when your father was come, he was very pri- 
vate in London ; for he was in daily fears to be 
imprisoned before he could raise money to go 
back again to his master, who was not then in a 
condition to maintain him. Thus upon thorns he 
stayed the October 1647. In the October before, 
1646, my brother Richard Harrison was born ; 
and this year my sister Boteler married Sir Philip 
Warwick, her second husband; for her first, Sir 
William Boteler, was killed at Cropley- bridge, 
commanding a part of the King's army : he was a 
most gallant, worthy, honest gentleman. 

The 30th of July I was delivered of a son, call- 
ed Henry, in lodgings in Portugal-row, Lincoln's- 



LADY FANSHAWE. 79 

inn-fields. This was a very sad time for us all 
of the King's party, for by the folly, to give it 
no worse name, of Sir John Berkeley, since Lord 
Berkeley, and Mr. John Ashburnham, of the 
King's bed-chamber, who were drawn in by the 
cursed crew of the then standing army for the 
Parliament to persuade the King to leave Hamp- 
ton Court, to which they had then carried him, 
and to make his escape, which design failing, as 
the plot was laid, he was tormented and after- 
wards barbarously and shamefully murdered, as 
all the world knows. 

During his stay at Hampton Court, my husband 
was with him, to whom he was pleased to talk 
much of his concerns, and give him there creden- 
tials for Spain, with private instructions, and let- 
ters for his service ; but God for our sins disposed 
his Majesty *s affairs otherwise. I went three 
times to pay my duty to him, both as I was the 
daughter of his servant, and wife of his servant. 
The last time I ever saw him, when I took my 
leave, I could not refrain weeping : when he had 
saluted me, 1 prayed to God to preserve his Ma- 
jesty with long life and happy years ; he stroked 
me on the cheek, and said, ' Child, if God pleas- 
eth, it shall be so, but both you and I must sub- 



80 MEMOIR OF 

mit to God''s will, and you know in what hands I 
am :' then turning to your father, he said, ' Be 
sure, Dick, to tell my son all that I have said, 
and deliver those letters to my wife ; pray God 
bless her ! I hope I shall do well :' and taking 
him in his arms, said, ' Thou hast ever been an 
honest man, and I hope God will bless thee, 
and make thee a happy servant to my son, whom 
I have charged in my letter to continue his love, 
and trust to you f adding, ' I do promise you that 
if ever I am restored to my dignity I will bounti- 
fully reward you both for your service and suffer- 
ings.' Thus did we part from that glorious sun, 
that within a few months after was murdered, to 
the grief of all Christians that were not forsaken 
by God. 

The October, as I told you, my husband and 
I went into France, by the way of Portsmouth, 
where, walking by the sea side about a mile from 
our lodgings, two ships of the Dutch, then in war 
with England, shot bullets at us so near that we 
heard them whiz by us ; at which I called to my 
husband to make haste back, and began to run, 
but he altered not his pace, saying, ' If we must 
be killed, it were as good to be killed walking as 
running." But, escaping, we embarked the next 



LADY FANSHAWE. 81 

day ; and that journey fetched home our girl we 
had left in Jersey ; and my husband was forced to 
come out of France to Hamerton, in Hunting- 
donshire, to my sister BedelFs, to the wedding of 
his nephew, the last Lord Thomas Fanshawe, who 
then married the daughter of Ferrers : as I have 
said before, she was a very great fortune, and a 
most excellent woman, and brought up some time 
after her mother''s death with my sister Bedell. 

About two months after this, in June, I was 
delivered of a son on the 8th day, 1648. The 
latter end of July I went to London, leaving my 
little boy Richard at nurse with his brother at 
Hartingfordbury. It happened to be the very day 
after that the Lord Holland was taken prisoner at 
St. Neot, and Lord Francis Villiers was killed ; 
and as we passed through the town, we saw Colonel 
Montague, afterwards Earl of Sandwich, spoiling 
the town for the Parliament and himself. Coming 
to London, I went to welcome the Marchioness of 
Ormond to town, that then was come out of 
France, who received me with great kindness, as 
she ever had done before, and told me she must 
love me for many reasons, and one was, that we 
were both born in one chamber : when I left her, 
she presented me with a ruby ring set with two 

E 5 



82 MEMOIR OF 

diamonds, which she prayed me to wear for her 
sake, and I have it to this day. 

In the month of September, my husband was 
commanded by the Prince to wait on him in the 
Downs, where he was with a very considerable 
fleet ; but the fleet was divided, part being for 
the King, and part for the Parliament. They 
were resolved to fight that day, which if they had, 
would have been the most cruel fight that ever 
England knew ; but God by his will parted them 
by a storm, and afterwards it was said. Lord 
Colepeper, and one Low, a surgeon, that was a 
reputed knave, so ordered the business, that for 
money the fleet was betrayed to the enemy. Du- 
ring this time my husband wrote me a letter, from 
onboard the Prince's ship, full of concern for me, 
believing they should engage on great odds ; but, 
if he should lose his life, advised me to patience, 
and this with so much love and reason, that my 
heart melts to this day when I think of it ; but, 
God be praised, he was reserved for better 
things. 

In December* my husband went to Paris on 

* This must be a mistake for Novemher ; for in September 
he was on board the fleet in the Downs, and after passing six 
weeks in Paris, he went to Calais with Lady Fanshawe on the 



LADY FANSHAWE. 83 

« 

his master's business, and sent for me from Lon- 
don : I carried him 300/. of his money. During 
our stay at Paris, I was highly obliged to the 
Queen-Mother of England. We passed away six 
weeks with great delight in good company ; my 
Lady Norton, that was governess to the Lady 
Henrietta, Charles the First's youngest daughter, 
was very kind. I had the honour of her com- 
pany, both in my own lodging and in the Palace 
Royal, where she attended her charge ; likewise 
my Lady Danby, and her daughter, my Lady 
Guilford, with many others of our nation, both in 
the Court and out of it ; amongst whom was Mr. 
Waller, the poet, and his wife : they went with us 
to Calais, upon the 25th of December, 1649. I, 
with my husband, kissed the Queen-Mother's 
hand, who promised her favour, with much grace, 
to us both, and sent letters to the King, then in 
Holland, by my husband. From her Majesty 
we waited on the Princes, and afterwards took 
our leave of all that Court. 

When we came to Calais, we met the Earl of 
Strafford and Sir Kenelm Digby, with some others 

2.5th of Decemher, 1649. The date of the year is also erro- 
neous, as it is evident from the context that it was 1648. 



84 MEMOIR OF 

of our countrymen. We were all feasted at the 
Governor's of the castle, and much excellent dis- 
course passed ; but, as was reason, most share was 
Sir Kenelm Digby''s, who had enlarged somewhat 
more in extraordinary stories than might be 
averred, and all of them passed with great ap- 
plause and wonder of the French then at table ; 
but the concluding one was, that barnacles, a bird 
in Jersey, was first a shell-fish to appearance, and 
from that, sticking upon old wood, became in time 
a bird. After some consideration, they unani- 
mously burst out into laughter, believing it alto- 
gether false ; and, to say the truth, it was the 
only thing true he had discoursed with them : 
that was his infirmity, though otherwise a person 
of most excellent parts, and a very fine-bred gen- 
tleman. 

My husband thought it convenient to send me 
into England again, there to try what sums I 
could raise, both for his subsistence abroad and 
mine at home ; and though nothing was so griev- 
ous to us both as parting, yet the necessity both of 
the public and your father's private affairs, obliged 
us often to yield to the trouble of absence, as at 
this time. 1 took my leave with sad heart, and 
embarked myself in a hoy for Dover, with Mrs. 



LADY FANSHAWE. 85 

Waller and my sister Margaret Harrison, and my 
little girl Nan ; but a great storm arising, we had 
like to be cast away, the vessel being half full of 
water, and we forced to land at Deal, every one 
carried upon men's backs, and we up to the middle 
in water, and very glad to escape so. About this 
time the Prince of Orange was born.* 

My husband went from thence by Flanders into 
Holland to his master ; and, in February follow- 
ing, your father was sent into Ireland by the 
King, there to receive such monies as Prince 
Rupert could raise by the fleet he commanded of 
the King's ; but a few months put an end to that 
design, though it had a very good aspect in the 
beginning, which made my husband send for me 
and the little family I had thither. We went by 
Bristol very cheerfully towards my north star, 
that only had the power to fix me ; and because I 
had had the good fortune, as I then thought it, to 
sell 300/. a year to him that is now Judge Archer, 
in Essex, for which he gave me 4000/., which at 
that time I thought a vast sum ; but be it more 
or less, I am sure it was spent in seven years"* time 
in the King's service, and to this hour I repent it 

* This is an error, as he was born on the 4th of November 
1650. 



86 MEMOIR OF 

not, I thank God. Five hundred pounds I 
carried my husband, the rest I left in my father's 
agent's hands to be returned as we needed it. 

I landed at Youghall, in Munster, as my hus- 
band directed me, in hopes to meet me there ; but 
I had the discomfort of a very hazardous voy- 
age, and the absence of your father, he then being 
upon business at Cork. So soon as he heard I 
was landed, he came to me, and with mutual joy 
we discoursed those things that were proper to en- 
tertain us both ; and thus, for six months, we 
lived so much to our satisfaction, that we began to 
think of making our abode there during the war, 
for the country was fertile, and all provisions 
cheap, and the houses good, and we were placed 
in Red Abbey, a house of Dean Boyle'*&, in Cork, 
and my Lord of Ormond had a very good army, 
and the country seemingly quiet ; and, to com- 
plete our content, all persons were very civil to us, 
especially Dean Boyle, Lord Chancellor of Ire- 
land, and Archbishop of Dublin and his family, 
and the Lord Inchiquin, whose daughter Elkenna 
I christened in 1650. 

But what earthly comfort is exempt from 
change ? for here I heard of the death of my 
second son, Henry, and, within a few weeks, of 



LADY FANSHAWE. 87 

the landing of Cromwell, who so hotly marched 
over Ireland, that the fleet with Prince Rupert 
was forced to set sail, and within a small time 
after he lost all his riches, which was thought to 
be worth hundreds of thousands of pounds, in 
one of his best ships, commanded by his brother 
Maurice, who with many a brave man sunk Were 
all lost in a storm at sea. 

We remained some time behind in Ireland, 
until my husband could receive his Majesty's 
commands how to dispose of himself. During 
this time I had, by the fall of a stumbling horse, 
being with child, broke my left wrist, which, be- 
cause it was ill-set, put me to great and long pain, 
and I was in my bed when Cork revolted. By 
chance that day my husband was gone on business 
to Kinsale : it was in the beginning of November 
1650.* At midnight I heard the great guns go 
off, and thereupon I called up my family to rise, 
v^^hich I did as well as I could in that condition. 
Hearing lamentable shrieks of men, women, and 
children, I asked at a window the cause ; they told 
me they were all Irish, stripped and wounded, and 
turned out of the town, and that Colonel Jeffries, 
with some others, had possessed themselves of the 
* These events happened in November 1649. 



88 MEMOIR OF 

town for Cromwell. Upon this, 1 immediately 
wrote a letter to my husband, blessing God's pro- 
vidence that he was not there with me, persuading 
him to patience and hope that I should get safely 
out of the town, by God's assistance, and desired 
him to shift for himself, for fear of a surprise, 
with promise that I would secure his papers. 

So soon as I had finished my letter, I sent it by 
a faithful servant, who was let down the garden- 
wall of Red Abbey, and, sheltered by the dark- 
ness of the night, he made his escape. I immedi- 
ately packed up my husband's cabinet, with all his 
Avri tings, and near 1000/. in gold and silver, and 
all other things both of clothes, linen, and house- 
hold stuff that were portable, of value ; and then, 
about three o'clock in the morning, by the light of 
a taper, and in that pain I was in, I went into the 
market-place, with only a man and maid, and pass- 
ing through an unruly tumult with their swords 
in their hands, searched for their chief commander 
Jeffries, who, whilst he was loyal, had received 
many civilities from your father. I told him it 
was necessary that upon that change I should re- 
move, and I desired his pass that would be obey- 
ed, or else I must remain there : I hoped he 
would not deny me that kindness. He instantly 



LADY FANSHAWE. 89 

wrote me a pass, both for myself, family, and 
goods, and said he would never forget the respect 
he owed your father. With this, I came through 
thousands of naked swords to Red Abbey, and 
hired the next neighbour's cart, which carried all 
that I could remove ; and myself, sister, and little 
girl Nan, with three maids and two men, set forth 
at five o'clock in November, having but two 
horses amongst us all, which we rid on by turns. 
In this sad condition I left Red Abbey, with as 
many goods as were worth 100/. which could not 
be removed, and so were plundered. We went 
ten miles to Kinsale, in perpetual fear of being 
fetched back again; but, by little and little, I 
thank God, we got safe to the garrison, where I 
found your father the most disconsolate man in 
the world, for fear of his family, which he had no 
possibility to assist ; but his joys exceeded to see 
me and his darling daughter, and to hear the 
wonderful escape we, through the assistance of 
God, had made. 

But when the rebels went to give an account to 
Cromwell of their meritorious act, he immediately 
asked them where Mr. Fanshawe v^^as ? They re- 
plied, he was that day gone to Kinsale. Then he 
demanded where his papers and his family were ? 



90 MEMOIR OF 

At which they all stared one at another, but made 
no reply. Their General said, ' It was as much 
worth to have seized his papers as the toAvn ; for I 
did make account to have known by them what 
these parts of the country are worth.' 

But within a few days we received the King's 
order, which was, that my husband should, upon 
sight thereof, go into Spain to Philip IV. and de- 
liver him his Majesty's letters ; and by my hus- 
band also his Majesty sent letters to my Lord Cot- 
tington and Sir Edward Hyde, his Ambassadors 
Extraordinary in that Court. Upon this order 
we went to Macrome to the Lord Clancarty, who 
married a sister of the Lord Ormond ; we stayed 
there two nights, and at my coming away, after 
very noble entertainment, my Lady gave me a 
great Irish greyhound, and I presented her with a 
fine besel-stone. 

From thence we went to Limerick, where we 
were entertained by the Mayor and Aldermen 
very nobly ; and the Recorder of the Town was 
very kind, and in respect they made my husband 
a freeman of Limerick. There we met the Bishop 
of Londonderry and the Earl of Roscommon, who 
was Lord Chancellor of that Kingdom at that 
time. These two persons with my husband being 



LADY FANSHAWE. 91 

together writing letters to the King, to give an 
account of the kingdom, when they were going 
down stairs from my Lord Roscommon's chamber, 
striving to hold the candle at the stairs' head, be- 
cause the privacy of their despatch admitted not a 
servant to be near, my Lord Roscommon fell 
down the stairs, and his head fell upon the corner 
of a stone and broke his skull in three pieces, of 
which he died five days after, leaving the broad 
seal of Ireland in your father's hands, until such 
time as he could acquaint his Majesty with this 
sad account, and receive orders how to dispose of 
the seals. This caused our longer stay, but your 
father and I being invited to my Lord Inchi- 
quin's, there to stay till we heard out of Holland 
from the King, which was a month before the 
messenger returned, we had very kind entertain- 
ment, and vast plenty of fish and fowl. By this 
time my Lord Lieutenant the now Duke of Or- 
mond's army was quite, dispersed, and himself 
gone for Holland, and every person concerned in 
that interest shifting for their lives ; and Crom- 
well went through as bloodily as victoriously, 
many worthy persons being murdered in cold 
blood, and their families quite ruined. 

From hence we went to the Lady Honor 



92 MEMOIR OF 

O'Brien's, a lady that went for a maid, but few 
believed it : she was the youngest daughter of the 
Earl of Thomond. There we stayed three nights. 
The first of which I was surprised by being laid 
in a chamber, when, about one o'clock, I heard a 
voice that wakened me. I drew the curtain, and, 
in the casement of the window, I saw, by the light 
of the moon, a woman leaning into the window, 
through the casement, in white, with red hair and 
pale and ghastly complexion : she spoke loud, 
and in a tone I had never heard, thrice, ' A horse ;' 
and then, with a sigh more like the wind than 
breath she vanished, and to me her body looked 
more like a thick cloud than substance. I was so 
much frightened, that my hair stood on end, and 
my night clothes fell off. I pulled and pinched 
your father, who never woke during the disorder I 
was in ; but at last was much surprised to see me 
in this fright, and more so when I related the 
story and showed him the window opened. Nei- 
ther of us slept any more that night, but he enter- 
tained me with telling me how much more these 
apparitions were usual in this country than in 
England ; and we concluded the cause to be the 
great superstition of the Irish, and the want of 
that knowing faith, which should defend them 



LADY FANSHAWE. 93 

from the power of the Devil, which he exercises 
among them very much. About five o'clock the 
lady of the house came to see us, saying she had 
not been in bed all night, because a cousin 
O'Brien of her's, whose ancestors had owned that 
house, had desired her to stay with him in his 
chamber, and that he died at two o'clock, and she 
said, ' I wish you to have had no disturbance, for 
'tis the custom of the place, that, when any of the 
family are dying, the shape of a woman appears in 
the window every night till they be dead. This 
woman was many ages ago got with child by the 
owner of this place, who murdered her in his gar- 
den, and flung her into the river under the win- 
dow, but truly I thought not of it when I lodged 
you here, it being the best room in the house.' 
We made little reply to her speech, but disposed 
ourselves to be gone suddenly. 

By this time my husband had received orders 
from the King to give the Lord Inchiquin the 
seals to keep until farther orders from his Majesty. 
When that business was settled, we went, accom- 
panied by my Lord Inchiquin and his family, four 
or five miles towards Galway, which he did not by 
choice, but the plague had been so hot in that 
city the summer before, that it was almost depo- 



94 MEMOIR OF 

pulated, and the haven as much as the town. 
But your father hearing that, by accident, there 
was a great ship of Amsterdam bound for Malaga, 
in Spain, and Cromwell pursuing his conquests at 
our backs, resolved to fall into the hands of God 
rather than into the hands of men ; and with his 
family of about ten persons came to the town at 
the latter end of February,* where we found 
guards placed that none should enter without cer- 
tificates from whence they came ; but understand- 
ing that your father came to embark himself for 
Spain, and that there was a merchant's house 
taken for us, that was near the sea-side, and one 
of their best, they told us, if we pleased to alight, 
they would wait on us to the place ; but it was 
long from thence, and no horses were admitted into 
the town. 

An Irish footman that served us, said, ' I lived 
here some years and know every street, and like- 
wise know a much nearer way than these men can 
show you, Sir ; therefore come with me, if you 
please.^ We resolved to follow him, and sent our 
horses to stables in the suburbs : he led us all on 

* Probably January, as in a subsequent page Lady Fan- 
shawe says, she embarked for Galway in the beginning of 
February. 



LADY FANSHAWE. 95 

the back side of the town, under the walls over 
which the people during the plague, which was 
not yet quite stopped, flung out all their dung, 
dirt, and rags, and we walked up to the middle of 
our legs in them, for, being engaged, we could not 
get back. At last we found the house, by the 
master standing at the door expecting us, who 
said, ' You are welcome to this disconsolate city, 
where you now see the streets grown over with 
grass, once the finest little city in the world/ 
And indeed it was easy to think so, the buildings 
being uniformly built, and a very fine market- 
place, and walks arched and paved by the sea-side 
for their merchants to walk on, and a most noble 
harbour. 

Our house was very clean, only one maid in it 
besides the master ; we had a very good supper 
provided, and being very weary went early to bed. 
The owner of this house entertained Us with the 
story of the late Marquis of Worcester, who had 
been there some time the year before : he had of 
his own and other friends' jewels to the value of 
8000/., which some merchants had lent upon 
them. My Lord appointed a day for receiving 
the money upon them and delivering the jewels ; 
being met, he shows them all to these persons. 



96 MEMOIR OF 

then seals them up in a box, and delivered them to 
one of these merchants, by consent of the rest, 
to be kept for one year, and upon the payment 
of the 8000/. by my Lord Marquis to be de- 
livered him. 

After my Lord had received the money, he was 
entertained at all these persons'* houses, and nobly 
feasted with them near a month : he went from 
thence into France. When the year was ex- 
pired, they, by letters into France, pressed the 
payment of this borrowed money several times, 
alleging they had great necessity of their money 
to drive their trade with ; to which my Lord Mar- 
quis made no answer; which did at last so exas- 
perate these men, that they broke open the seals, 
and opening the box found nothing but rags and 
stones for their 8000/. at which they were highly 
enraged, and in this case I left them. 

At the beginning of February we took ship, 
and our kind host, with much satisfaction in our 
company, prayed God to bless us and give us a 
good voyage, for, said he, ' I thank God you are 
all gone safe aboard from my house, notwithstand- 
ing I have buried nine persons out of my house 
within these six months ;' which saying much 



LADY FANSHAWE. 97 

Startled usj but, God's name be praised, we were 
all well, and so continued. 

Here now our scene was shifted from land to 
sea, and we left that brave kingdom, fallen, in six 
or eight months, into a most miserable sad condi- 
tion, as it hath been many times in most kings' 
reigns, God knows why ! for I presume not to 
say ; but the natives seem to me a very loving 
people to each other, and constantly false to all 
strangers, the Spaniards only excepted. The 
country exceeds in timber and sea-ports, and great 
plenty of fish, fowl, flesh, and, by shipping, wants 
no foreign commodities. We pursued our voyage 
with prosperous winds, but vi^ith a most tempes- 
tuous master, a Dutchman, which is enough to 
say, but truly, I think, the greatest beast I ever 
saw of his kind. 

When we had just passed the Straits, we saw 
coming towards us, with full sails, a Turkish 
galley well manned, and we believed we should be 
all carried away slaves, for this man had so laden 
his ship with goods for Spain, that his guns were 
useless, though the ship carried sixty guns. He 
called for brandy ; and after he had well drunken, 
and all his men, which were near two hundred, he 
called for arms and cleared the deck as well as he 

F 



98 MEMOIR OF 

could, resolving to fight rather than lose his ship, 
which was worth thirty thousand pounds. This 
was sad for us passengers ; but my husband bade 
us be sure to keep in the cabin, and the women not 
to appear, which would make the Turks think that 
we were a man-of-war, but if they saw women 
they would take us for merchants and board us. 
He went upon the deck, and took a gun and ban- 
doliers, and sword, and, with the rest of the ship's 
company, stood upon deck expecting the arrival 
of the Turkish man-of-war. This beast, the Cap- 
tain, had locked me up in the cabin ; I knocked 
and called long to no purpose, until, at length, the 
cabin boy came and opened the door ; I, all in 
tears, desired him to be so good as to give me his 
blue thrum cap he wore, and his tarred coat, v^^hich 
he did, and I gave him half-a-crown, and putting 
them on and flinging away my night clothes, I 
crept up softly and stood upon the deck by my 
husband's side, as free from sickness and fear as, I 
confess, from discretion ; but it was the effect of 
that passion, which I could never master. 

By this time the two vessels were engaged in 
parley, and so well satisfied with speech and sight 
of each other's forces, that the Turks' man-of-war 
tacked about, and we continued our course. But 



LADY FANSHAWE. 99 

when your father saw it convenient to retreat, 
looking upon me, he blessed himself, and snatched 
me up in his arms, saying, ' Good God, that love 
can make this change !' and though he seemingly 
chid me, he would laugh at it as often as he re- 
membered that voyage. And in the beginning of 
March we all landed, praised be God, in IMalaga, 
very well, and full of content to see ourselves deli- 
vered from the sword and plague, and living in 
hope that we should one day return happily to our 
native country ; notwithstanding, we thought it 
great odds, considering how the affairs of the 
King's three kingdoms stood ; but we trusted in 
the providence of Almighty God, and proceeded. 

We were very kindly entertained by the mer- 
chants, and by them lodged in a merchant's house, 
where we had not been with our goods three days, 
when the vessel that brought us thither, by the 
negligence of a cabin-boy, was blown up in the 
harbour, with the loss of above a hundred men 
and all our lading. 

After we had refreshed ourselves some days, 
we went on our journey towards Madrid, and 
lodged the first night at Velez Malaga, to which 
we were accompanied by most of the merchants. 
The next day we went to Grenada, having passed 
F 2 



100 MEMOIR OF 

the highest mountains I ever saw in my life, but 
under this lieth the finest valley that can be pos- 
sibly described, adorned with high trees and rich 
grass, and beautified with a large deep clear river. 
Over the town and this standeth the goodly vast 
palace of the King's, called the Alhambra, whose 
buildings are, after the fashion of the Moors, 
adorned with vast quantities of jasper-stone ; many 
courts, many fountains, and by reason it is situated 
on the side of a hill, and not built uniform, many 
gardens with ponds in them, and many baths made 
of jasper, and many principal rooms roofed with 
the mosaic work, which exceeds the finest enamel 
I ever saw. Here I was showed in the midst of a 
very large piece of rich embroidery made by the 
Moors of Grenada, in the middle as long as half a 
yard of the trueTyrian dye, which is so glorious a 
colour that it cannot be expressed : it hath the 
glory of scarlet, the beauty of purple, and is so 
bright, that when the eye is removed upon any 
other object it seems as white as snow. 

The entry into this great Palace is of stone, 
for a Porter's-lodge, but very magnificent, through 
the gate below, which is adorned with figures of 
forest-work, in which the Moors did transcend. 
High above this gate was a bunch of keys cut 



LADY FANSHAWE. 101 

in stone likewise, with this motto : ' Until that 
hand holds those keys, the Christians shall never 
possess this Alhambra.' This was a prophecy 
they had, in which they animated themselves, by 
reason of the impossibility that ever they should 
meet. But see, how true there is a time for all 
things ! It happened that when the Moors were 
besieged in that place by Don Fernando and his 
Queen Isabella, the King with an arrow out of a 
bow, which they then used in war, shooting the 
first arrow as their custom is, cut that part of the 
stone that holds the keys, which was in fashion of 
a chain, and the keys falling, remained in the hand 
underneath. This strange accident preceded but 
a few days the conquest of the town of Grenada 
and kingdom. 

They have in this place an iron grate, fixed into 
the side of the hill, that is a rock : I laid my head 
to the key-hole and heard a noise like the clashing 
of arms, but could not distinguish other shrill 
noises I heard with that, but tradition says it 
could never be opened since the Moors left it, 
notwithstanding several persons had endeavoured 
to wrench it open, but that they perished in the 
attempt. The truth of this I can say no more to ; 
but that there is such a gate, and I have seen it. 



102 MEMOIR OF 

After two days we went on our journey ; and 
on the 13th of April 1650, we came to the Court 
of Madrid, where we were the next day visited by 
the two English ambassadors, and afterwards by 
all the English merchants. 

Here I was delivered of my first daughter, that 
was called Elizabeth, upon the 13th of July. She 
lived but fifteen days, and lies buried in the 
Chapel of the French Hospital. Your father had 
great difficulty to carry on his business, without 
encroaching upon the Extraordinary Ambassador's 
negotiation, and the performance of his Majesty's 
commands to show his present necessities, which 
he was sent to Philip IV. for, in hopes of a present 
supply of money, which our King then lacked ; 
but finding no good to be done on that errand, 
he and I, accompanied by Dr. Bell, of Jesus Col- 
lege in Cambridge, who had been his tutor, v^^ent 
a day*'s journey together towards St. Sebastian, 
there to embark for France. 

While we stayed in this Court we were kindly 
treated by all the English ; and it was no small 
trouble to your father's tutor to quit his com- 
pany, but, having undertaken the charge of that 
family of the ambassador's as their chaplain, he 
said, he held himself obliged in conscience to 



LADY FANSHAWE. 103 

stay, and so he did. In a few months after he 
died there, and lies buried in the garden-house, 
where they then lived. 

Whilst we were in Madrid, there was sent one 
Askew, as resident from the then Governor of 
England ; he lay in a common eating-house where 
some travellers used to lie, and being one day at 
dinner, some young men meeting in the street 
with Mr. Prodgers, a gentleman belonging to the 
Lord Ambassador Cottington, and Mr. Sparks, 
an English merchant, discoursing of news, began 
to speak of the impudence of that Askew, to come 
a public minister from rebels to a Court where 
there were two Ambassadors from his King. This 
subject being handled with heat, they all resolved 
to go without more consideration into his lodgings 
immediately and kill him : they came up to his 
chamber door, and finding it open, and he sat at 
dinner, seized him, and so killed him, and went 
their several ways. Afterwards they found Mr. 
Sparks in a church for rescue, notwithstanding 
it was contrary to their religion and laws, and 
they forced him out from thence, and executed 
him publicly, their fears of the English power 
were then so great. 

There was at that time the Lord Goring, son 



104 MEMOIR OF 

to the Earl of Norwich : he had a command 
under Philip the Fourth of Spain, against the 
Portuguese : he was generally esteemed a good 
and great commander, and had been brought up 
in Holland in his youth, of vast natural parts ; 
for I have heard your father say, he hath dic- 
tated to several persons at once that were upon 
despatches, and all so admirably well, that none 
of them could be mended. He was exceeding fa- 
cetious and pleasant company, and in conversa- 
tion, where good manners were due, the civilest 
person imaginable, so that he would blush like a 
girl. He was very tall, and very handsome : he 
had been married to a daughter of the Earl of 
Cork, but never had a child by her. His expenses 
were what he could get, and his debauchery be- 
yond all precedents, which at last lost him that 
love the Spaniards had for him ; and that country 
not admitting his coiistant drinking, he fell sick 
of a hectic fever, in which he turned his reli- 
gion, and with that artifice could scarce get to 
keep him whilst he lived in that sickness, or to 
bury him when he was dead. 

We came to St. Sebastian's about the begin- 
ning of September, and there hired a small 
French vessel to carry us to Nantz : we embarked 



LADY FANSHAWE. 105 

within two days after our coming to this town. 
I never saw so wild a place, nor were the inha- 
bitants unsuitable, but like to like, which made 
us hasten away, and I am sure to our cost we 
found the proverb true, for our haste brought 
us woe. We had not been a day at sea before 
we had a storm begun, that continued two days 
and two nights in a most violent manner ; and 
being in the Bay of Biscay, we had a hurricane 
that drew the vessel up from the water, which 
had neither sail nor mast left, and but six men 
and a boy. Whilst they had hopes of life they 
ran swearing about like devils, but when that 
failed them, they ran into holes, and let the ship 
drive as it would. In this great hazard of our 
lives we were the beginning of the third night, 
when God in mercy ceased the storm of a sudden, 
and there was a great calm, which made us ex- 
ceeding joyful ; but when those beasts, for they 
were scarce men, that manned the vessel, began 
to rummage the bark, they could not find their 
compass anywhere, for the loss of which they 
began again such horrible lamentations as were 
as dismal to us as the storm past. 

Thus between hope and fear we passed the 
night, they protesting to us they knew not where 
F 5 



106 MEMOIR OF 

they were, and truly we believed them ; for with 
fear and drink I think they were bereaved of their 
senses. So soon, as it was day, about six o'clock, 
the master cried out, * The land ! the land !' but 
we did not receive the news with the joy be- 
longing to it, but sighing said, God's will be 
done ! Thus the tide drove us until about five 
oVlock in the afternoon, and drawing near the 
side of a small rock that had a creek by it, we ran 
aground, but the sea was so calm that we all got 
out without the loss of any man or goods, but the 
vessel was so shattered that it was not afterwards 
serviceable : thus, God be praised ! we escaped 
this great danger, and found ourselves near a 
little village about two leagues from Nantz. We 
hired there six asses, upon which we rode as many 
as could by turns, and the rest carried our goods. 
This journey took us up all the next day, for I 
should have told you that we stirred not that 
night, because we sat up and made good cheer ; 
for beds they had none, and we were so trans- 
ported that we thought we had no need of any, 
but we had very good fires, and Nantz white wine, 
and butter, and milk, and walnuts and eggs, and 
some very bad cheese ; and was not this enough, 
with the escape of shipwreck, to be thought better 
than a feast ? I am sure until that hour I never 



LADY FANSHAWE. 107 

knew such pleasure in eating, between which we 
a thousand times repeated what we had spoken 
when every word seemed to be our last. 

As soon as it was day, we began our journey 
towards Nantz, and by the way we passed by a 
little poor chapel, at the door of which a friar 
begged an alms, saying, that he would show us 
there the greatest wonder "in the world. We re- 
solved to go with him. He went before us to the 
altar, and out of a cupboard, with great devotion, 
he took a box, and crossing himself he opened it. 
in that was another of crystal that contained a 
little silver box ; he lifting this crystal box up, 
cried, ' Behold in this the hem* of St. Joseph, 
which was taken as he hewed his timber V To 
which my husband replied, ' Indeed, Father, it is 
the lightest, considering the greatness, that I ever 
handled in my life.' The ridiculousness of this, 
with the simplicity of the man, entertained us till 
we came to Nantz. We met by the way good 
grapes and walnuts growing, of which we culled 
out the best. 

Nantz is a passable good town, but decayed : 
some monasteries in it, but none good nor rich. 
There was in a nunnery, when I was there, a 

* Thus in the MS. ; but query if a mistake of the tran- 
scriber. 



108 MEMOIR OF 

daughter of Secretary Windebank. There is Eng- 
lish provisions, and of all sorts, cheap and good. 
We hired a boat to carry us up to Orleans, and 
we were towed up all the river of Loire so far. 
Every night we vi^ent on shore to bed, and every 
morning carried into the boat wine and fruit, and 
bread, with some flesh, w^hich we dressed in the 
boat, for it had a hearth, on which we burnt char- 
coal : we likewise caught carps, which were the 
fattest and the best I ever eat in my life. And 
of all ray travels none were, for travel sake as I 
may call it, so pleasant as this ; for we saw the 
finest cities, seats, woods, meadows, pastures, and 
champaign that I ever saw in my life, adorned 
with the most pleasant river of Loire ; of which, 
at Orleans, we took our leaves. Arriving, about 
the middle of November 1650, at Paris, we 
went, so soon as we could get clothes, to wait 
on the Queen-Mother and the Princess Henrietta. 
The Queen entertained us very respectfully, and 
after many favours done us, and discoursing in 
private with your father about affairs of state, he 
received her Majesty's letters to send to the King, 
who was then on his way to Scotland. We kissed 
her hand and went to Calais, with resolution that 
I should go to England, to send my husband more 



LADY FANSHAWE. 109 

money, for this long journey cost us all we could 
procure : yet this I will tell you, praised be God 
for his peculiar grace herein, that your father nor 
I ever borrowed money nor owed for clothes, nor 
diet, nor lodging beyond sea in our lives, which 
was very much, considering the straits we were in 
many times, and the bad custom our countrymen 
had that way, which did redound much to the 
King's dishonour and their own discredit. 

When we came to Calais, my husband sent me 
to England, and staying himself there, intending, 
as soon as he had received money, to go and live 
in Holland until such time as it should please 
Almighty God to enable him again to wait on his 
jSIajesty, now in Scotland, both to give him an 
account of his journey into Spain, as of the rest of 
his employments since he kissed his hand. But 
God ordered it otherwise ; for the case being that 
the two parties in Scotland being both unsatisfied 
with each other's ministers, and Sir E. Hyde and 
Secretary Nicholas being excepted against, and 
left in Holland, it was proposed, the state wanting 
a Secretary for the King, that your father should 
be immediately sent for, which was done accord- 
ingly, and he went with letters and presents from 
the Princess of Orange, and the Princess Royal. 



110 MEMOIR OF 

Here I will show you something of Sir Edward 
Hyde's nature : he being surprised with this news, 
and suspecting that my husband might come to a 
greater power than himself, both because of his 
parts and integrity, and because himself had been 
sometimes absent in the Spanish Embassy, he with 
all the humility possible, and earnest passion, beg- 
ged my husband to remember the King often of 
him to his advantage as occasion should serve, and 
to procure leave that he might wait on the King, 
promising, with all the oaths that he could express 
to cause belief, that he would make it his business 
all the days of his life to serve your father's in- 
terest in what condition soever he should be in : 
thus they parted, with your father's promise to 
serve him in what he was capable of, upon which 
account many letters passed between them. 

When your father arrived in Scotland, he was 
received by the King with great expressions of 
great content ; and after he had given an account 
of his past employment, he was by the King re- 
commended to the York party, who received him 
very kindly, and gave him both the broad seal and 
signet to keep. 

They several times pressed him to take the Co- 
venant, but he never did, but followed his busi- 



LADY FANSHAWE. Ill 

ness so close, with such diligence and temper, that 
he was well beloved on all sides, and they reposed 
great trust in him. When he went out of Hol- 
land, he wrote to me to arm myself with patience 
in his absence, and likewise that I would not ex- 
pect many letters as was his custom, for that was 
now impossible ; but he hoped, that when we did 
meet again, it would be happy and of long conti- 
nuance, and bade me trust God with him, as he did 
me, in whose mercy he hoped, being upon that 
duty he was obliged to, with a thousand kind ex- 
pressions. 

But God knows how great a surprise this was to 
me, being great with child, and two children with 
me, not in the best condition to maintain them, 
and in daily fears of your father upon the private 
account of animosities amongst themselves in 
Scotland ; but I did what I could to arm myself, 
and was kindly visited both by my relations and 
friends. 

About this time my cousin Evelyn's wife* came 

* Evelyn frequently mentions his " cousin Richard Fan- 
shawe," in his Diary. On the 6th of February, 1651-2, he 
says, " I went to visit my cousin Richard Fanshawe, and di- 
vers other friends ;" and on the 6th of March, in that year, he 
observes, " My cousin Richard Fanshawe came to visit me, 



112 MEMOIR OF 

to London, and had newly buried her mother, my 
Lady Brown, wife to Sir Richard Brown, that 
then was resident for the King at Paris. A little 
before she and I and Doctor Steward, a Clerk of 
the closet to King Charles the First, christened a 
daughter of Mr. Waters, near a year old. About 
this time, Lord Chief Justice Heath died at Calais, 
and several of the King^s servants at Paris, 
amongst others Mr. Henry Murray, of his bed- 
chamber, a very good man. 

I now settled myself in a handsome lodging in 
London. With a heavy heart I stayed in this 
lodging almost seven months, and in that time I 
did not go abroad seven times, but spent my time 
in prayer to God for the deliverance of the King 
and my husband, whose danger was ever before 
my eyes. I was seldom without the best company, 
and sometimes my father would stay a week, for 
all had compassion on my condition. I removed 
to Queen-street, and there in a very good lodging 
I was upon the 24th of June delivered of a daugh- 

and inform me of many considerable affairs." On the 23rd of 
November, 1654, he went to London to visit his "cousin Fan- 
shawe." — Diaryj vol. ii. pp. 48, 49. 98. Lady Brown, Mr. 
Evelyn's mother-in-law, died at Woodcot, in Kent, towards 
the end of October 1652.— Ibid. p. 61. 



LADY FANSHAWE. 113 

ter : in ail this time I had but four letters from 
your father, which made the pain I was in more 
difficult to bear. 

I went with my brother Fanshawe to Ware 
Park, and my sister went to Balls, to my father, 
both intending to meet in the winter ; and so indeed 
we did with tears ; for the 3rd of September fol- 
lowing was fought the battle of Worcester, when 
the King being missed, and nothing heard of your 
father being dead or alive, for three days it was 
inexpressible what affliction I was in. I neither 
eat nor slept, but trembled at every motion I 
heard, expecting the fatal news, which at last came 
in their news -book, which mentioned your father 
a prisoner. 

Then with some hopes I went to London, in- 
tending to leave my little girl Nan, the companion 
of my troubles, there, and so find out my husband 
wheresoever he was carried. But upon my coming 
to London, I met a messenger from him with a 
letter, which advised me of his condition, and told 
me he was very civilly used, and said little more, 
but that I should be in some room at Charing, 
cross, where he had promise from his keeper that 
he should rest there in my company at dinner- 
time : this was meant to him as a great favour. I 



114 MEMOIR OF 

expected him with impatience, and on the day ap- 
pointed provided a dinner and room, as ordered, 
in which I was with my father and some of our 
friends, where, about eleven of the clock, we saw 
hundreds of poor soldiers, both English and 
Scotch, march all naked on foot, and many with 
your father, who was very cheerful in appearance, 
who after he had spoken and saluted me and his 
friends there, said, ' Pray let us not lose time, 
for I know not how little I have to spare. This is 
the chance of war ; nothing venture, nothing have; 
so let us sit down and be merry whilst we may.' 
Then taking my hand in his and kissing me, ' Cease 
w^eeping, no other thing upon earth can move me : 
remember we are all at God's disposal.' 

Then he began to tell how kind his Captain was 
to him, and the people as he passed offered him 
money, and brought him good things, and particu- 
larly Lady Denham, at Borstal-house, who w^ould 
have given him all the money she had in her house, 
but he returned her thanks, and told her he had 
so ill kept his own, that he would not tempt his 
governor with more, but if she would give him a 
shirt or two, and some handkerchiefs, he would 
keep them as long as he could for her sake. She 
fetched him two smocks of her own, and some 



LADY FANSHAWE. 115 

handkerchiefs, saying she was ashamed to give 
him them, but, having none of her sons at home, 
she desired him to wear them. 

Thus we passed the time until order came to 
carry him to Whitehall, where, in a little room yet 
standing in the bowling-green, he was kept pri- 
soner, without the speech of any, so far as they 
knew, ten weeks, and in expectation of death. 
They often examined him, and at last he grew so 
ill in health by the cold and hard marches he had 
undergone, and being pent up in a room close and 
small, that the scurvy brought him almost to 
death's door. 

During the time of his imprisonment, I failed 
not constantly to go, when the clock struck four in 
the morning, with a dark lantern in my hand, all 
alone and on foot, from my lodging in Chancery 
Lane, at my cousin Young's, to Whitehall, in at 
the entry that went out of King Street into the 
bowhng-green. There I would go under his win- 
dow and softly call him : he, after the first time 
excepted, never failed to put out his head at the 
first call: thus we talked together, and sometimes 
I was so wet with the rain, that it went in at my 
neck and out at my heels. He directed me how 
I should make my addresses, which I did ever to 



116 MEMOIR OF 

their general, Cromwell, who had a great respect 
for your father, and would have bought him off 
to his service upon any terms. 

Being one day to solicit for my husband's 
liberty for a time, he bade me bring the next day a 
certificate from a physician, that he was really ill. 
Immediately I went to Dr. Bathurst, that was by 
chance both physician to Cromwell and to our 
family, who gave me one very favourable in my 
husband's behalf. I delivered it at the Council 
Chamber, at three of the clock that afternoon, as 
he commanded me, and he himself moved, that 
seeing they could make no use of his imprison- 
ment, whereby to lighten them in their business, 
he might have his liberty upon four thousand 
pounds bail, to take a course of physic, he being 
dangerously ill. Many spake against it, but most 
Sir Henry Yane, who said he would be as instru- 
mental, for aught he knew, to hang them all that 
sat there, if ever he had opportunity, but if he 
had liberty for a time, that he might take the en- 
gagement before he went out : upon which Crom- 
well said, ' I never knew that the engagement^ was 
a medicine for the scorbutic' They, hearing their 

* Cromwell probably meant to pmi upon this word. — In 
Ireland, " engagement" means an issue ; " an engagement in 
the neck/' arm, &c. i. e. an issue in those places. 



LADY FANSHAWE. 117 

General say so, thought it obliged him, and so 
ordered him his liberty upon bail. His eldest 
brother, and sister Bedell, and self, were bound in 
four thousand pounds ; and the latter end of No- 
vember he came to my lodgings, at my cousin 
Young'^s. He there met many of his good friends 
and kindred ; and my joy was inexpressible, and so 
was poor Nan's, of whom your poor father was very 
fond. I forgot to tell you, that when your father 
was taken prisoner of war, he, before they entered 
the house where he was, burned all his papers, 
which saved the lives and estates of many a brave 
gentleman. 

When he came out of Scotland, he left behind 
him a box of writings, in which his patent of Ba- 
ronet was, and his patent of additional arms,* 
which was safely sent after him, after the happy 
restoration of the King. You may read your 
father's demeanour of himself in this affair, wrote 

* A coat of augmentation was granted to Richard Fanshawe, 
Esq. Remembrancer of the Exchequer, and to his family, by 
patent, dated at Jersey, 8th of February, 2 Car. II. 1650, being 
" Cheeky Argent and Azure, a Cross Gules." Grants of that 
kind to persons who distinguished themselves in the service of 
the King were very common, and consisted, in most cases, either 
of the lion of England, a fleur-de-lis, or, as in the instance of 
Mr. Fanshawe, of the Cross of St. George. Sir Richard was 
created a Baronet on the 2nd of September 1650. 



118 MEMOIR OF 

by his own hand, in a book by itself amongst your 
books, and it is a great masterpiece, as you will find. 

Within ten days he fell very sick, and the fever 
settled in his throat and face so violently, that, for 
many days and nights, he slept no more but as he 
leaned on my shoulder as I walked : at last, after 
all the Doctor and Surgeon could do, it broke, 
and with that he had ease, and so recovered, God 
be praised ! In 1652, he was advised to go to 
Bath for his scorbutic that still hung on him, but 
he deferred his journey until August, because I 
was delivered on the 30th of July of a daughter. 

At his return, we went to live that winter fol- 
lowing at Beniield, in Hertfordshire, a house of 
my niece Fanshawe's. In this winter my husband 
went to wait on his good friend the Earl of Straf- 
ford, in Yorkshire ; and there my Lord offered 
him a house of his in Tankersly Park, which he 
took, and paid 120/. a year for. When my hus- 
band returned, we prepared to go in the spring to 
this place, but were so confined, that my husband 
could not stir five miles from home without leave. 
About February following, my brother Neuce 
died, at his house at Much Hadham, in Hertford- 
shire. My sister, Margaret Harrison, desired to go 
to London, and there we left her ; she soon after 



LADY FAMSHAWE. 119 

married Mr. Edmund Turner, afterwards Sir Ed- 
mund. 

In March we with our three children, Anne, 
Richard, and Betty, went into Yorkshire, where 
we Hved a harmless country life, minding only the 
country sports and country affairs. Here my 
husband translated Luis de Camoens ; and on 
October 8th, 1653, I was delivered of my daugh- 
ter Margaret. I found all the neighbourhood 
very civil and kind upon all occasions ; the place 
plentiful and healthful, and very pleasant, but 
there was no fruit : we planted some, and my 
Lord Strafford says now, that what we planted is 
the best fruit in the North. 

The house of Tankersly and Park are both 
very pleasant and good, and we lived there with 
great content ; but God had ordered it should not 
last, for upon the 20th of July 1654, at three 
o'clock in the afternoon, died our most dearly 
beloved daughter Ann, whose beauty and wit 
exceeded all that ever I saw of her age. She was 
between nine and ten years old, very tall, and the 
dear companion of my travels and sorrows. She 
lay sick but five days of the small-pox, in which 
time she expressed so many wise and devout say- 
ings, as is a miracle for her years. We both 



120 MEMOIR OF 

wished to have gone into the same grave with her. 
She lies buried in Tankersly church; and her 
death made us both desirous to quit that fatal 
place to us ; and so the week after her death we 
did, and came to Hamerton, and were half a year 
with my sister Bedell. Then my husband was 
sent for to London, there to stay, by command of 
the High Court of Justice, and not to go five 
miles from that town, but to appear once a month 
before them. We then went again to my cousin 
Young's, in Chancery Lane : and about Christmas 
my husband got leave to go to Frog-Pool, in 
Kent, to my brother Warwick's ; where, upon the 
22nd of February 1655, I was delivered of a 
daughter, whom we named Ann, to keep in re- 
membrance her dear sister, whom we had newly 
lost. We returned to our lodgings in Chancery 
Lane, where my husband was forced to attend 
till Christmas 1655 ; and then we went down to 
Jenkins, to Sir Thomas Fanshawe's ; but upon 
New Year's day my husband fell very sick, and 
the scorbutic again prevailed, so much that it 
drew his upper lip awry, upon which we that day 
came to London, into Chancery Lane, but not to 
my cousin Young's, but to a house we took of 
Sir George Carey, for a year. There by the 



LADY FANSHAWE. 121 

advice of Doctor Bathurst and Doctor Ridgley, 
my husband took physic for two months together, 
and at last, God be praised ! he perfectly recovered 
his sickness, and his lip was as well as ever. 

In this house, upon the 12th day of July in 
1656, 1 was delivered of a daughter, named Mary ; 
and in this month died my second daughter, 
Elizabeth, that I had left with my sister Boteler, 
at Frog-Pool, to see if that air would recover her ; 
but she died of a hectic fever, and lies buried in 
the church of Foots Cray. My husband, weary 
of the town, and being advised to go into the 
country for his health, procured leave to go in 
September to Bengy, in Hertford, to a little house 
lent us by my brother Fanshawe. 

It happened at that time there was a very ill 
kind of fever, of which many died, and it ran 
generally through all families : this we and all our 
family fell sick of, and my husband's and mine 
after some months turned to quartan agues; but 
I being with child, none thought I could live, for 
I was brought to bed of a son in November,* ten 
weeks before my time ; and thence forward until 
April 1658, 1 had two fits every day, that brought 
me so low that I was like an anatomy. I never 
* " This son, Henry, lies buried in Bengy church." 
G 



122 MEMOIR OF 

Stirred out of my bed seven months, nor during 
that time eat flesh, nor fish, nor bread, but sage 
posset drink, and pancake or eggs, or now and 
then a turnip or carrot. Your father was likewise 
very ill, but he rose out of his bed some hours 
daily, and had such a greediness upon him, that 
he would eat and drink more than ordinary per- 
sons that eat most, though he could not stand up- 
right without being held, and in perpetual sweats, 
and that so violent that it ran down day and night 
like water. This I have told you that you may 
see how near dying we were ; for which recovery 
I humbly praise God. He got leave in August to 
go to Bath, v/hich, God be praised ! perfectly re- 
covered us, and so we returned into Hertfordshire, 
to the Friary of Ware, which we hired of Mrs. 
Heydon for a year. This place we accounted 
happy to us, because in October we heard the 
news of Cromwell's death, upon which my hus- 
band began to hope that he should get loose of his 
fetters, in which he had been seven years ; and 
going to London, in company with my Lord 
Philip, Earl of Pembroke, he lamented his case 
of his bonds to him that was his old and con- 
stant friend. He told him that if he would dine 
with him the next day, he would give him some 



LADY FANSHAWE. 123 

account of that business. The next day he said 
to him, ' Mr. Fanshawe, I must send my eldest 
son into France; if you will not take it ill that 
I desire your company with him and care of him 
for one year, I will procure you your bonds 
within this week." My husband was overjoyed to 
get loose upon any terms that were innocent, so, 
having seen his bonds cancelled, he went into 
France to Paris, from whence he by letter gave an 
account to Lord Chancellor Clarendon of his being 
got loose, and desired him to acquaint his Majesty 
of it, and to send him his commands, which was 
about April 1659. He did to this effect, that his 
Majesty was then going a journey, which after- 
wards proved to Spain ; but upon his return, 
which would be about the beginning of winter, 
my husband should come to him, and that he 
should have, in present, the place of one of the 
Masters of Request, and the Secretary of -the 
Latin Tongue. Then my husband sent me word 
of this, and bade me bring my son Richard, and 
my eldest daughters with me to Paris, for that he 
intended to put them to a very good school that 
he had found at Paris. We went as soon as I 
could possibly accommodate myself with money 
and other necessaries, with my three children, one 
G 2 



124 MEMOIR OF 

maid, and one man. I could not go without a 
pass, and to that purpose I went to my cousin 
Henry Nevill,* one of the High Court of Justice, 
where he was then sitting at Whitehall. I told 
him my husband had sent for me and his son, to 
place him there, and that he desired his kindness 
to help me to a pass : he went in to the then mas- 
ters, and returned to me, saying, ' that by a trick 
my husband had got his liberty, but for me and 
his children, upon no conditions we should not 
stir.' I made no reply, but thanked my cousin 
Henry Nevill, and took my leave. I sat me down 
in the next room, full sadly to consider what I 
should do, desiring God to help m.e in so just a 
cause as I then was in. I began and thought if I 
were denied a passage then, they would ever after 
be more severe on all occasions, and it might be 
very ill for us both. T was ready to go, if I had 
a pass, the next tide, and might be there before 
they could suspect I was gone : these thoughts 
put this invention in my head. 

At Wallingford House, the Office was kept 

* He was her cousin, being the second son of Sir Harry 
Neville the younger, of Billingbere, in Essex, by Elizabeth, 
daughter of Sir John Smythe, of Ostenhanger, sister to the first 
Viscount Strangford. 



LADY FANSHAWE. 125 

where they gave passes : thither I went in as 
plain a way and speech as I could devise, leaving 
my maid at the gate, who was much a finer gen- 
tlewoman than myself. With as ill mien and tone 
as I could express, I told a fellow I found in the 
Office that I desired a pass for Paris, to go to my 
husband. ' Woman, what is your husband, and 
your name ?' ' Sir,' said I, with many courtesies, 
* he is a young merchant, and my name is Ann 
Harrison.' ' Well," said he, ' it will cost you a 
crown :' — said I, ' That is a great sum for me, but 
pray put in a man, my maid, and three children.' 
All which he immediately did, telling me a malig- 
nant would give him five pounds for such a pass. 

I thanked him kindly, and so went immediately 
to my lodgings ; and with my pen I made the 
great H of Harrison, two ff, and the rrs, an n, 
and the i, an 5, and the s, an h, and the o, an a, 
and the n, a w, so completely, that none could 
find out the change. With all speed I hired a 
barge, and that night at six o'clock I went to 
Gravesend, and from thence by coach to Dover, 
where, upon my arrival, the searchers came and 
demanded my pass, which they were to keep for 
their discharge. When they had read it, they 
said, ' Madam, you may go when you please ;' but 



126 MEMOIR OF 

says one, ' I little thought they would give a 
pass to so great a malignant, especially in so trou- 
blesome a time as this.' 

About nine o'clock at night I went on board the 
packet-boat, and about eight o'clock in the morn- 
ing landed safe, God be praised ! at Calais. I 
went to Mr. Booth's, an English merchant, and a 
very honest man. There I rested two days ; but 
upon the next day he had advice from Dover, that 
a post was sent to stay me from London, because 
they had sent for me to my lodgings by a mes- 
senger of the Court, to know why, and upon what 
business, I went to France. Then I discovered to 
him my invention of the changing my name, at 
which as at their disappointment we all laughed, 
and so did your father, and as many as knew 
the deceit. We hired a waggon-coach, for there 
is no other at Calais, and began our journey 
about the beginning of June 1659. 

Coming one night to Abbeville, the Governor 
sent his Lieutenant to me, to let me know my 
husband was well the week before, that he had 
seen him at Paris, and had promised him to take 
care of me in my going through his government, 
there being much robbery daily committing ; 
that he would advise me take care of the gar- 



LADY FANSHAWE. 127 

rison soldiers, and giving them a pistole a piece, 
they would convey me very safely. This, he said, 
the Governor would have told me himself, but 
that he v^as in bed with the gout : I thanked 
him, and accepted his proffer. The next morning- 
he sent me ten troopers well armed, and when I 
had gone about four leagues, as we ascended a 
hill, says some of these, ' Madam, look out, but 
fear nothing.' They rid all up to a well-mounted 
troop of horse, about fifty or more, which, after 
some parley, wheeled about into the woods again. 
When we came upon the hill, I asked how it Avas 
possible so many men so well armed should turn, 
having so few to oppose them ; at which they 
laughed, and said, ' Madam, we are all of a com- 
pany, and quarter in this town. The truth, is, 
our pay is short, and we are forced to keep our- 
selves this way ; but we have this rule, that if we 
in a party guard any compan}^, the rest never mo- 
lest them, but let them pass free.' 

I having passed all danger, as they said, gave 
them a pistole each man, and so left them and 
v\rent on my journey, and met my husband at St. 
Dennis, God be praised ! The 20th day of Octo- 
ber, my then only son died of the small-pox ; he 
lies buried in the Protestant Church, near Paris, 



128 ' MEMOIR OF 

between the Earl of Bristol and Doctor Steward. 
Both my eldest daughters had the small-pox at 
the same time, and though I neglected them, and 
day and night attended my dear son, yet it pleased 
God they recovered and he died, the grief of which 
made me miscarry, and caused a sickness of three 
weeks. 

After this, in the beginning of November, the 
King came to visit his mother, who was at her 
own house at Combes, two leagues from Paris, and 
thither went my husband and myself. I had not 
seen him in almost twelve years : he told me that 
if it pleased God to restore him to his kingdoms, 
my husband should partake of his happiness in as 
great a share as any servants he had. Then he 
asked me many questions of England, and fell into 
discourse with my husband privately two hours, 
and then commanded him to follow him to Flan- 
ders. His Majesty went the next day, my hus- 
band that day month, which was the beginning of 
December. I went with our family to Calais, and 
my husband sent me privately to London for 
money in January. I returned him one hundred 
and fifty pounds, with which he went to the King, 
and I followed to Newport, Bruges, and Ghent, 
and to Brussels, where the King received us very 



LADY FANSHAWE. 129 

graciously, with the Princess Royal and the Dukes 
of York and Gloucester. After staying three 
weeks at Brussels, we went to Breda, where we 
heard the happy news of the King's return to 
England. In the beginning of May we went with 
all the Court to the Hague, where I first saw the 
Queen of Bohemia, who was exceeding kind to all 
of us. Here the King and all the Royal Family 
were entertained at a very great supper by the 
States; and now business of state took up much 
time. 

The King promised my husband he should be 
one of the Secretaries of State, and both the now 
Duke of Orraond, and the Lord Chancellor Cla- 
rendon, were witnesses of it, yet that false man 
made the King break his word for his own accom- 
modation, and placed Mr. Norris, a poor country 
gentleman of about two hundred pounds a-year, a 
fierce Presbyterian, and one that never saw the 
King's face : but still promises were made of the 
reversion to your father. 

Upon the King's restoration, the Duke of York, 
then made Admiral, appointed ships to carry over 
the company and servants of the King, who were 
very great. His Highness appointed for my hus- 
band and his family a third-rate frigate, called the 
G 5 



130 MEMOIR OF 

Speedwell ; but his Majesty commanded my hus- 
band to wait on him in his own ship. We had 
by the States' order sent on board to the King's 
most eminent servants, great store of provisions : 
for our family we had sent on board the Speedwell 
a tierce of claret, a hogshead of Rhenish wine, six 
dozen of fowls, a dozen of gammons of bacon, a 
great basket of bread, and six sheep, two dozen of 
neat's tongues, and a great box of sweetmeats. 
Thus taking our leaves of those obliging persons 
we had conversed with in the Hague, we went on 
board upon the 23rd of May, about two o'clock in 
the afternoon. The King embarked at four of 
the clock, upon which we set sail, the shore being 
covered with people, and shouts from all places of 
a good voyage, which was seconded with many 
volleys of shot interchanged : so favourable was 
the wind, that the ships' wherries went from ship 
to ship to visit their friends all night long. But 
who can sufficiently express the joy and gallan- 
try of that voyage, to see so many great ships, 
the best in the world, to hear the trumpets and 
all other music, to see near a hundred brave 
ships sail before the wind with vast cloths and 
streamers, the neatness and cleanness of the ships, 
the strength and jollity of the mariners, the gal- 
lantry of the commanders, the vast plenty of all 



LADY FANSHAWE. 131 

sorts of provisions; but above all, the glorious 
majesties of the King and his two brothers, were 
so beyond man's expectation and expression ! The 
sea was calm, the moon shone at full, and the sun 
suffered not a cloud to hinder his prospect of the 
best sight, by whose light, and the merciful bounty 
of God, he was set safely on shore at Dover in 
Kent, upon the 25th* of May, 1660. 

So great were the acclamations and numbers of 
people, that it reached like one street from Dover 
to Whitehall : we lay that night at Dover, and 
the next day we went in Sir Arnold Braem's-|* 
coach towards London, where on Sunday night 
we came to a house in the Savoy. My niece, Fan- 
shawe, then lay in the Strand, where I stood to 
see the King's entry with his brothers ; surely the 
most pompous show that ever was, for the hearts 
of all men in this kingdom moved at his will. 

The next day I went with other ladies of the 
family to congratulate his Majesty's happy arrival, 
who received me with great grace, and promised 
me future favours to my husband and self. His 

* Probably a mistake for the 26th. 

f Of a Dutch family settled at Bridge in Kent. The house 
at Dover, in which Lady Fanshawe lay, was built by Jacob 
Braem, and is, or was in Hasted's time, the Custom-house. 
The family is now extinct. 



132 MEMOIR OF 

Majesty gave my husband his picture, set with 
small diamonds, when he was a child : it is a great 
rarity, because there never was but one. 

We took a house in Portugal Row, Lincoln's- 
inn Fields. My husband had not long entered 
upon his office, but he found an oppression from 
Secretary Nicholas, to his great vexation, for he, 
as much as in him lay, engrossed all the petitions, 
which really, by the foundation, belonged to the 
Master of the Requests ; and in this he was coun- 
tenanced by Lord Chancellor Clarendon, his great 
patron, notwithstanding he had married Sir Tho- 
mas Aylesbury's daughter, that was one of the 
Masters of the Requests. 

This year I sent for my daughter Nan from 
my sister Boteler's, in Kent, where I had left her; 
and my daughter Mary died in Hertfordshire in 
August, and lies buried in Hertford church, in my 
father's vault. 

In the latter end of the summer I miscarried, 
when I was near half gone with child, of three 
sons, two hours one after the other. I think it 
was with the hurry of business I then was in, and 
perpetual company that resorted to us of all qua- 
lities, some for kindness and some for their own 
advantage. 



LADY FANSHAWE. 133 

As that was a time of advantage, so it was of 
great expense, for on April the 23rd, 1661, the 
King was crowned, when my husband, being in 
waiting, rode upon his Majesty's left hand* with 
very rich foot-cloths, and four men in very rich 
liveries ; and this year we furnished our house and 
paid all our debts which we had contracted during 
the war. 

The 8th day of May following, the King rode 
to the Parliament, and then my husband rode in 
the same manner. His Majesty had commanded 
my husband to execute the place of the Chancel- 
lor of the Garter, both because he understood it 
better than any, and was to have the reversion of 
it. The first feast of St. George, my husband 
was proxy for the Earl of Bristol, and was in- 
stalled for him Knight of the Garter. The Duke 
of Buckingham put on his robes, and the Duke of 
Ormond his spurs, in the stall of the Earl of 
Bristol. 

Now it was the business of the Chancellor to 
put your father as far from the King as he could, 

* Evelyn says, that at the coronation of Charles the Second 
were "Two persons, representing the Dukes of Normandy and 
Aquitaine, viz. Sir Richard Fanshawe and Sir Herbert Price, 
in fantastic habits." — Diary, vol. ii. p. 168. 



134 MEMOIR OF 

because his ignorance in state affairs was daily dis- 
covered by your father, who showed it to the 
King ; but at that time the King was so content 
that he should almost and alone manage his af- 
fairs, that he might have more time for his plea- 
sure, that his faults were not so visible as other- 
wise they would have been, and afterwards proved. 
But now he sends to your father and tells him 
that he was, by the King's particular choice, re- 
solved on to be sent to Lisbon with the King's 
letter and picture to the Princess, now our Queen, 
which then, indeed, was an employment any noble- 
man would be glad of; but the design from that 
time forth was to fix him here. 

When your father was gone on this errand, I 
stayed in our house in Portugal Row, and at 
Christmas I received the New Year's gifts belong- 
ing to his places, which is the custom, of two tuns 
of wine at the Custom-house, for Master of Re 
quests, and fifteen ounces of gilt plate at the 
Jewel-house, as Secretary of the Latin Tongue. 

At the latter end of Christmas my husband re- 
turned from Lisbon, and was very well received 
by the King ; and upon the 22nd of February fol- 
lowing I was delivered of my daughter Elizabeth. 

Upon the 8th of June,* 1662, my husband was 
* Query, 8th o^ January. 



LADY FANSHAWE. 135 

made a Privy Councillor of Ireland; and some 
time after my Lord and Lady Ormond went into 
Ireland, and upon my taking leave of her Grace, 
she gave me a turquoise and diamond bracelet, 
and my husband a fasset* diamond ring. I never 
parted from her upon a journey but she ever 
gave me some present. When her daughter, the 
Lady Mary Cavendish, was married, none were 
present but his grandmother and father, and my 
husband and self; they were married in my Lord 
Duke's lodging in Whitehall, and given by the 
King, who came privately without any train.-f* 

As soon as the King had notice of the Queen's 
landing, he immediately sent my husband that 
night to welcome her Majesty on shore, and fol- 
lowed himself the next day ; and upon the 21st of 
May the King married the Queen at Portsmouth, 
in the presence-chamber of his Majesty's house- 
There was a rail across the upper part of the 
room, in which entered only the King and Queen, 
the Bishop of London, the Marquis De Sande, 
the Portuguese Ambassador, and my husband : in 

* A diamond cut into facets ; a brilliant. 

t According to Collins' Peerage, Mary, second daughter of 
James Duke of Ormond, married William Cavendish, ninth 
Duke of Devonshire, at Kilkenny in Ireland, on the 27th of 
October, 1662. Lady Fanshawe's statement proves that he 
was mistaken. 



136 MEMOIR OF 

the other part of the room there were many of the 
nobility and servants to their Majesties. The 
Bishop of London declared them married in the 
name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the 
Holy Ghost; and then they caused the ribbons 
her Majesty wore to be cut in little pieces, and, as 
far as they would go, every one had some.* 

Upon the 29th of May their Majesties came to 
Hampton Court, where was all that pretended to 
her Majesty's service, and all the King's servants, 
ladies and other persons of quality, who received 
her Majesty in several rooms, according to their 
several qualifications. 

The next morning, about eleven o'clock, the 
Duchess of Ormond and her daughter, the now 
Lady Cavendish, and myself, went to wait on her 
Majesty as soon as her Majesty was dressed; 
where I had the honour from the King, who was 
then present, to tell the Queen who I was, say- 
ing many kind things of me to ingratiate me 
with her Majesty, whereupon her Majesty gave 
her hand to me to kiss, with promises of her fu- 

* As it must be inferred that Lady Fanshawe derived her 
information from her husband, who, she says, was present, her 
account of the ceremony is deserving of attention, because some 
doubts have been entertained as to the manner in which it was 
solemnized. — See Bishop Kenneii's Hisiorical Register, p. 693. 



LADY FANSHAWE. 137 

ture favour. After this we remained in Hampton 
Court, in the Requests' lodgings, my husband 
being then in waiting until the 10th day of Au- 
gust, upon which day he received his despatches 
for Ambassador to Portugal. 

His Majesty was graciously pleased to promise 
my husband his picture, which afterwards we re- 
ceived, set with diamonds, to the value of three or 
four hundred pounds, his Majesty having been 
pleased to give my husbaod, at his first going to 
Portugal, his picture at length, in his garter- 
robes: my husband had also by his Majesty's 
order, out of the wardrobe, a crimson velvet cloth 
of state, fringed and laced with gold, with a chair, 
a footstool, and cushions, and two other stools of 
the same, with a Persian carpet to lay under them, 
and a suit of fine tapestry hanging for that room, 
with two velvet altar cloths for the chapel, and 
fringed with gold, with surplices, altar cloths, 
and napkins, of fine linen, with a Bible, in Ogle- 
by's print and cuts, two Common Prayer-books, 
in folio and quarto, with eight hundred ounces of 
gilt plate, and four thousand ounces of white 
plate; but there wanted a velvet bed, which he 
should have had by custom. 

Thus having perfected the ceremonies of taking 



138 MEMOIR OF 

leave of their Majesties, and receiving their com- 
mands, and likewise taking our leaves of our 
friends, as I said, upon Sunday the 10th of Au- 
gust we took our journey to Portugal,* carrying 
our three daughters with us, Katherine, Margaret, 
and Ann. This night we lay at Windsor, where, 
on Monday the 11th, in the morning, we went to 
prayers to the King's Chapel with Doctor Hea- 
vers, my husband's Chaplain. On our return we 
were visited by the Provost of Eton, and divers 
others of the clergy of that place, and Sir Thomas 
Woodcock, the chief commander of that place, in 
the absence of Lord Mordaunt, Lord Constable of 
Windsor Castle. 

Upon the desire of some there, my husband left 
some of his coats-of-arms, which he carried with 
him for that purpose, as the custom of ambassa- 
dors is, to dispose of 'vhere they lodge.-j- 

That night we lay at Bagshot; Tuesday the 
12th, we dined at Basingstoke, and lay at Ando- 
ver ; Wednesday the 13th, we dined at Salisbury, 
and there lay that night, and borrowed in the 

* Evelyn says, " 5th of August 1662, to London, and next 
day to Hampton Court, and took leave of Sir R. Fanshawe, 
now going Ambassador to Portugal." — Diary y vol. ii. p. 195. 

f This custom is still retained in the instances of the Lords 
Lieutenant of Ireland. 



LADY FANSHAWE. 139 

afternoon the Dean of Westminster's coach, being 
wiUing to ease all our own horses for half a day? 
having a long journey to go. 

We went in the Dean's coach to see Wilton, 
being but two miles from Salisbury. We found 
Lord Herbert at home; he entertained us with 
great civility and kindness, and gave my husband 
a very fine greyhound bitch : his father, the Earl 
of Pembroke, being then at London. We visited 
the famous church, and at our return to our lodg- 
ings, were visited by the Right Reverend Father 
in God, Doctor Henchman, the Bishop of that 
place, and Doctor Holies, the Dean of that place, 
and Doctor Earle, Dean of Westminster, since, by 
the former Bishop's remove to the See of London, 
now Bishop of Salisbury. 

On Thursday the 14th, my husband and I, 
with our children, having bagged of the Bishop 
his blessing at his own house, dined at Blandford, 
in Dorsetshire. Sir William Portman hath a very 
fine seat within a mile of it. We lodged that 
night at Dorchester : on Friday the 15th we lay 
at Axminster, and Saturday the 16th at Exeter, 
and went to prayers at the Cathedral church, ac- 
companied by the principal divines of that place. 
On Sunday the 17th, we stayed all that day, and 



140 MEMOIR OP 

on Monday the 18th, we lay at a very ill lodging, 
of which I have forgotten the name ; and on 
Tuesday the 19th, we went to Plymouth, where, 
within six miles of the town, we were met by some 
of the chief merchants of that place, and of the 
chief officers of that garrison, who all accompanied 
us to the house of one Mr. Tyler, a merchant. 

Upon our arrival, the Governor of that garrison^ 
one Sir John Skelton, visited us, and did us the fa- 
vour to keep us company, with many of his officers, 
during our stay in that town. Sir John Hele, as 
soon as he heard of our being there, sent my hus- 
band a fat buck ; and my cousin Edgcombe, of 
Mount Edgcombe, a mile from Plymouth, sent 
him another buck, and came, as soon as he heard 
we were there, from a house of his twelve miles 
from Mount Edgcombe, to which he came only 
to keep us company. From whence, the next day 
after his arrival, he with his Lady, and Sir Rich- 
ard Edgcombe, his eld-est son, and others of his 
children, came to visit us at Plymouth ; and the 
day after we dined at Mount Edgcombe, where we 
were very nobly treated. At our coming home, 
they would need accompany us over the river to 
our lodgings. The next day the Mayor and Alder- 
men came to visit my husband ; and the next day 



LADY FANSHAWE. ]41 

we had a great feast at Mr. Scale's house, the 
father of our landlord. Our being so well lodged 
and treated by the inhabitants of this town was 
upon my father's score, whose deputies some of 
them were, he being one of the Farmers of the 
Custom-house to receive the King's customs of 
that port. 

On Sunday the 30th , the wind coming fair, we 
embarked, accompanied by my cousin Edgcombe 
and all his family, and with much company of the 
town, that would show their kindness until the 
last. Taking our leave of our landlord and land- 
lady, we gave her twenty pieces of gold to buy 
her a ring, and they presented my children with 
many pretty toys. Thus, on Monday at nine 
o'clock in the morning, we were received on board 
the Ruby frigate, commanded by Captain Robin- 
son. We had very many presents sent us on 
board by divers gentlemen, among which my 
cousin Edgcombe sent us a brace of fat bucks, 
three milk goats, wine, ale and beer, with fruit of 
several sorts, biscuit and sweetmeats. 

On Monday the 31st of August 1662, we set 
sail for Lisbon, and landed the 14th of September, 
our style, between the Conde de St. Laurence's 
house and Belem, God be praised ! all in good 



142 MEMOIR OF 

health. As soon as we had anchored, the English 
Consul, with the merchants, came on board us ; 
but we went presently to a house of the Duke of 
Aveiros, where my husband was placed by his 
Majesty when he was therQ before, in which he 
had then left his chief Secretary and one other, 
with some others of his family. The first that 
visited incognito there, for he was not to own any 
till he had made his entry, was the King of Por- 
tugal's Secretary, Antonio de Sousa : there came 
about that time also the Earl of Inchiquin, and 
Count Schomberg, to visit us. The jgth day, my 
husband went privately on board the frigate, in 
which he came with all his family ; to whom the 
King sent a nobleman to receive him on shore, 
with his own and Queen-mother^s, and very many 
coaches of the nobility. As soon as they met, 
there passed great salutations of cannons from^ the 
ships to the frigate in which my husband came, 
and from our ships to the King's forts, and from 
all the forts innumerable shots returned again. 

So soon as my husband landed, he entered the 
King's coach, and the nobleman that fetched him, 
whose name I have forgot. Before him went the 
English Consul, with all the merchants ; on his 
right hand went four pages ; on the left side the 



LADY FANSHAWE. 14)3 

coach, by the horses' heads, eight footmen all 
clothed in rich livery ; in the coach that followed 
went my husband's own gentlemen, after the 
coach of state empty, and those that did him the 
favour to accompany him : thus they went to the 
house where my husband lodged. The King 
entertained him with great plenty of provisions 
in all kinds, three suppers and three dinners, and 
all manner of utensils belonging thereunto, as the 
custom of that country is. 

Their Majesties did for some time furnish the 
house, till my husband could otherwise provide 
himself in town. The Abadessa of the Alcantara, 
niece to the Queen-mother, natural daughter of 
the Duke de Medina Sidonia, sent to welcome me 
into the country a very noble present of perfumes, 
waters, and sweetmeats ; and during my abode at 
Lisbon we often made visits and interchanged 
messages, to my great content, for she was a very 
fine lady. On the ^th, one Mr. Bridgewood, a mer- 
chant, sent me a silver basin and ewers for a present? 

On the 10th of October, stilo novo, my hus- 
band had his audience of his Majesty in his pa- 
lace, at Lisbon ; going in the King's coach with 
the same nobleman and in the same form as he 
made his entry. The King received him with 



144 MEMOIR OF 

great kindness and respect, much to his satis- 
faction. On the 11th, Don Joam de Sousa, the 
Queen's Vidor, came from her Majesty to us 
both to welcome us into the country. On the 
13th, her Majesty sent her chief coach, accompa- 
nied by other coaches, to fetch my husband to the 
audience of her Majesty, where she received him 
very graciously ; and the same day he had audi- 
ence of Don Pedro, the King's brother, at his own 
palace. Saturday, the 14th, her Majesty sent her 
best coach for me and my children. When we 
came there, the Captain of the Guard received me 
at the foot of the stairs ; all my people going 
before me, as the custom is. On each side were 
the guards placed, with halberds in their hands, 
as far as the presence-chamber door. There I 
was received by the Queen's Lord Chamberlain, 
who carried me to the door of the next room, 
vrhere the Queen was. Then the Queen's prin- 
cipal lady, as our groom of the stole, received me, 
telling me she had command from the Queen to 
bid me welcome to that Court, and to accompany 
me to her Majesty's presence. She sat in the 
next room, which was very large, in a black velvet 
chair, with arms, upon a black velvet carpet, with 
a state of the same. She had caused a low chair, 



LADY FANSHAWE. 145 

without arms, to be set at some distance from her, 
about two yards on her left hand, on which side 
stood all the noblemen ; on her right, all the 
ladies of the Court. 

After making my reverences due to her Ma- 
jesty, according to custom, and said those respects 
which became me to her Majesty, she sat down ; 
and when I presented my daughters to her, she, 
having expressed much grace and favour to me 
and mine, bade me sit down, which at first I 
refused, desiring to wait on her Majesty, as my 
Queen's mother ; but she pressing me again, I sat 
down ; and then she made her discourse of Eng- 
land, and asked questions of the Queen's health 
and liking of our country, with some little hints 
of her own and her family''s condition, which hav- 
ing continued better than half an hour, I took my 
leave. During my stay at Court I several times 
waited on the Queen-Mother ; truly she was a very 
honourable, wise woman, and I believe had been 
very handsome. She was magnificent in her dis- 
course and nature, but in the prudentest manner ; 
she was ambitious, but not vain ; she loved go- 
vernment, and I do believe the quitting of it did 
shorten her life. 

After saluting the ladies and noblemen of the 

H 



146 MEMOIR OF 

Court, I went home as I came. The next day 
the Secretary of State and his Lady came to visit 
me : she had, at mjr arrival, sent me a present of 
sweetmeats. My husband had left in this person''s 
family one of his pages to improve himself in 
writing and reading the Spanish tongue, until his 
return again to that Court, when he went the last 
year to England, in consideration of which we 
presented his Lady with a piece of India plate, of 
about two hundred pounds sterling. They were 
both very civil, worthy persons, and had formerly 
been in England, where the King, Charles the 
First, had made his son an English Baron.* She 
told me in discourse one day this of a French 
Ambassador, that had lately been in that Court, 
and lodged next to her : — 

There was a numerous sort of people about the 
Ambassador's door, as is usual amongst them. A 
poor little boy, that his mother had animated daily 
to cry for relief so troublesomely, that at last the 
Ambassador would say, ' What noise is that at 

* No record is known to exist of any foreigner liavingbeen 
created a Peer by Charles the First : nor does it appear likely 
from the names of persons created Baronets by Charles the 
First, that Lady Fanshawe could mean Baronet. The splendid 
and elaborate work entitled the " Memorias Genealogicas da 
Casa de Sousa," does not advert to the circumstance. 



LADY FANSHAWE. 147 

the gate of perpetual screaming ? I will have it so 
no more :"* upon which they carried the child to 
his mother, and bade her keep him at home, for it 
screamed like a devil, and if it returned, the porter 
swore he would punish him severely. Not many 
days after, according to his former custom, the 
child returned, louder than before, if possible ; 
the porter keeping his word, took the boy and 
pulled oiF his rags, and anointed him all over with 
honey, leaving no part undone, and very thick, 
and then threw him into a tub of fine feathers, 
which as soon as he had done, he set him on his 
legs and frightened him home to his mother, who 
seeing this thing, for none living could guess him a 
boy, ran out into the city, the child squeaking after 
her, and all the people in the streets after them, 
thinking it was a devil or some strange creature. 

But to return to the business : we were visited 
by many persons of the Court, some upon busi- 
ness, and others upon compliment, which is more 
formal than pleasant, for they are not generally a 
cheerful people. About February the King in- 
tended to go into the field and lead his army him- 
self : during this resolution my husband prepared 
himself to wait on his Majesty, which cost him 
much, these kind of expenses in that place being 
H 2 



148 MEMOIR OF 

scarce and very dear ; but the Council would not 
suffer him to go, and so that ended. The King 
loved hunting much, and ever when he went 
would send my husband some of what he killed, 
which was stag and wild boar, both excellent 
meat. We kept the Queen^s birthday with great 
feasting : we had all the English merchants. 

There was, during my stay in this town, a 
Portugal merchant jealous of his mistress favour- 
ing an Englishman, whom he entertained with 
much kindness, hiding his suspicion. One evening 
he invited him to see a country-house and eat a 
collation, which he did; after which the merchant, 
with three or four more of his friends, for a rarity 
showed him a cave hard by the house, which went 
in at a very narrow hole, but within was very 
capacious, in the side of a high mountain. It 
was so dark that they carried a torch. Says one to 
the Englishman, ' Did you ever know where bats 
dwell ?' he replied no; ' Then here. Sir,' say they, 
' you shall see them ;■* then, holding up the light 
to the roof, they saw millions hanging by their 
legs. So soon as they had done, they, frightening 
the birds, made them all fly about him, and put- 
ting out the light ran away, and left the Eng- 
lishman there to get out as well as he could, 
which was not until the next morning. 



LADY FANSHAWE. 149 

This winter I fell sick of an aguish distemper, 
being then with child ; but I believe it was with 
eating more grapes than I am accustomed to, 
being tempted by their goodness, especially the 
Frontiniac, which exceed all I ever eat in Spain 
and France. 

The beginning of May 1663, there happened 
in Lisbon an insurrection of the people of the 
town, about a suspicion, as they pretended, of 
some persons disaffected to the public; upon 
which they plundered the Archbishop^s house, and 
the Marquis of Marialva's house, and broke into 
the treasury ; but after about ten thousand of 
these ordinary people had run for six or seven 
hours about the town, crying 'Kill all that is 
for the Castile,' they were appeased by their 
Priests, who carried the Sacrament amongst them, 
threatening excommunication, which, with the 
night, made them depart with their plunder. 
Some few persons were lost, but not many. 

Upon the 10th of June came news to this Court 
of the total rout of Don John of Austria at the 
battle of Evora;* after which our house and 

* Pepys speaking of this battle, in which the Portuguese 
completely defeated the Spaniards, says — "4th July, 1663. 
Sir Allen Apsley showed the Duke the Lisbon Gazette, in 
Spanish, where the late victory is set down particularly, and 



150 MEMOIR OF 

tables were full of distressed, honest, brave Eng^ 
lish soldiers, who by their own and their fellows'* 
valour had got one of the greatest victories that 
ever was. 

These poor but brave men were almost lost 
between the Portuguese poverty and the Lord 
Chancellor Hyde's neglect, not to give it a worse 
name.* While my husband stayed there, he did 
what he could, but not proportionably either to 
their merits or wants. 

About this time my husband sent great assist- 
ance to the Governor of Tangiers, the Earl of 
Peterborough then being Governor, whose letters 
of supplication and thanks for kindness and care, 
my husband and I have yet to show. 

to the great honour of the English beyond measure. They 
have since taken back Evora, which was lost to the Spaniards, 
the English making the assault, and lost not more than three 
men." — Diary ^ vol. ii. p. 68. 

* It appears however, from Sir Robert Southwell's Account 
(f Portugal, (p. 138.) that Charles II. was so pleased with the 
gallantry of his troops at the battle of Evora, (or, as it is mdre 
commonly called by historians, of Ameixal,) that he caused a 
gratuity of 40,000 crowns to be distributed among them. It 
would seem that the " neglect" of which Lady Fanshawe 
complains, was entirely on the side of the Portuguese. Sir 
Robert Southwell mentions some curious anecdotes on this 
subject, particularly with reference to the statement in the 
Lisbon Gazette, alluded to in the preceding note. 



LADY FANSHAWE. 151 

June the 26th5 I was delivered of a son ten 
weeks before my time ; he lived some hours, and 
was christened Richard by our Chaplain, Mr. 
Marsden, who performed the ceremony of the 
Church of England at his burial, and then laid 
him in the Parish Church in which we lived, in 
the principal part of the chancel. 

The Queen sent to condole with me for the 
loss of my son, and the Marquis de Castel Melhor, 
the Marquis de Ni9a, the Condessa de Villa 
Franca, (Donna Maria e Antonia,) with many 
other ladies, and several good gentlewomen that 
were English merchants' wives. 

Several times we saw the Feasts of Bulls, and 
at them had great voiders of dried sweetmeats 
brought us upon the King's account, with rich 
drinks. 

Once we had some dispute about some English 
Commanders that thought themselves not well 
enough placed at the show, according to their 
merit, by the King's officers, which did so ill re- 
present it to my husband that he was extremely 
concerned at it. Upon notice being given to the 
Chief Minister, the Conde de Castel Melhor came 
from the King to my husband, after having ex- 
amined the business, and desired that there might 
be no misunderstanding between the King and 



152 MEMOIR OF 

him, that the business was only the impertinence 
of a servant, and that it might so pass. My hus- 
band was well satisfied, and presented his most 
humble acknowledgments to the King for his 
care and favour to him, as well as the honour 
he had received. The Conde de Castel Melhor, 
when he had finished his visit to my husband, 
came to my apartment, and told me he hoped I 
took no offence at what had passed at the feast, 
because the King had heard I was sad to see 
my husband troubled ; assuring me that his Ma- 
jesty and the whole Court desired nothing more 
than that we should receive all content imaginable. 
I gave him many thanks for the honour of his 
visit, and desired him to present my humble ser- 
vice to the King, assuring him, that my husband 
and I had all the respect imaginable for his Ma- 
jesty ; true it was, according to the English 
fashion, I did make a little whine when I saw my 
husband disordered, but I should ever remain his 
Majesty's humble servant, with my most humble 
thanks to his Excellency. And so he returned 
well satisfied. 

The 14th, the Chief Ministers met my husband 
in order to his return home for England, and ex- 
pressed a great trouble to part from him ; they 



LADY FANSHAWE. 153 

from the King presented my husband with twelve 
thousand crowns in gold plate, with many com- 
pliments and favours from the King, whom my 
husband waited on the next day to receive his 
Majesty's commands for his Master in England. 
After giving his Majesty many thanks for the 
many honours he had received from his Majesty's 
kind acceptance of his service, he thanked his 
Majesty for his present, saying that he wished his 
Majesty's bounteous kindness to him might not 
prejudice his Majesty, in this example, by the 
next coming ambassador ; to which his Majesty 
replied, ' I am sure it cannot, for I shall never 
have such another ambassador/ Then my hus- 
band took his leave, performing all those ceremo- 
nies with the same persons and coaches as he m.ade 
at his entry. 

Upon the 19th of August my husband and 1 
took our leaves of the Queen-Mother, at her house, 
who had commanded all her ladies to give attend- 
ance, though her Majesty was then in a retired 
condition. Her Majesty expressed much resent- 
ment at our leaving the Court ; and after our 
respects paid to her Majesty, and I receiving her 
Majesty's commands to our Queen, with a present, 
I took my leave with the same ceremony of coaches 
H 5 



i54 MEMOIR OF 

and persons as I had waited on her Majesty twice 
before. 

Upon the 20 th, my husband took his leave of 
Don Pedro, his Majesty^s brother. The 21st of 
August, the Secretary of State came to visit me 
from the King and Queen, wishing me a pros- 
perous voyage, and presented me with a very 
noble present. The same day I took my leave of 
my good neighbour the Condessa de Palma, as I 
had done of all the ladies of my acquaintance be- 
fore, who all presented me with fine presents, as 
did my good neighbour the Countess Santa 
Graca, who had with her, when I went to take my 
leave, many persons of quality, that came on pur- 
pose there to take their leaves of me, and from 
whom I received great civility, and the Countess 
gave me a very great banquet. 

On the 23rd of August 1663, we, accompanied 
by many persons of all sorts, vvrent on board the 
King of England's frigate, called the Reserve, 
commanded by Captain Holmes, where, as soon as 
I was on board, the Conde de Castel Melhor sent 
me a very great and noble present, a part of 
which was the finest case of waters that ever I 
saw, being made of Brazil wood, garnished with 
silver, the bottles of crystal, garnished with the 
same, and filled with rich amber- water. 



LADY FANSHAWE. 155 

Lisbon with the river is the goodliest situation 
that ever I saw ; the city old and decayed ; but 
they are making new walls of stone, which will 
contain six times their city. Their churches and 
chapels are the best built, the finest adorned, and 
the cleanliest kept, of any churches in the world. 
The people delight much in quintas, which are a 
sort of country houses, of which there are abun- 
dance within a few leagues of the city, and those 
that belong to the nobility are very fine, both 
houses and gardens. The nation is generally very 
civil and obliging. In religion divided, between 
Papists and Jews. The people generally not 
handsome. They have many religious houses, and 
bishopricks of great revenue ; and the religious 
of both sexes are for the most part very strict. 

Their fruits of all kinds are extraordinary good 
and fair ; their wine rough for the most part, but 
very wholesome ; their corn dark and gritty ; 
wrater bad, except some few springs far from the 
city. Their flesh of all kinds indifferent ; their 
mules and asses extraordinary good and large, 
but their horses few and naught. They have 
little wood and less grass. 

At my coming away I visited several nunneries, 
in one whereof I was told, that the last year there 
was a girl of fourteen years of age burnt for a 



156 MEMOIR OF 

Jew. She was taken from her mother as soon as 
she was born, in prison, her mother being con- 
demned, and brought up in the Esperan^a : al- 
though she never heard, as they did to me affirm, 
what a Jew was, she did daily scratch and whip 
the crucifixes, and run pins into them in private ; 
and when discovered confessed it, and said she 
would never adore that God. 

On Thursday, August 25th* 1663, we set sail 
for England. On the 4th of September, our 
style, being Friday, we landed at Deal, all in 
good health, God be praised ! 

Saturday 5th, we went to Canterbury, and there 
tarried Sunday, where we went to church, and 
very many of the gentlemen of Kent came to wel- 
come us into England. 

And here I cannot omit relating the ensuing 
story, confirmed by Sir Thomas Barton, Sir Ar- 
nold Braeme, the Dean of Canterbury, with 
many more gentlemen and persons of this town. 

There lives not far from Canterbury a gen- 
tleman, called Colonel Colepeper,t whose mother 

* The 25th of August, 1663, fell on a Tuesday. 

f Lady Barbara, daughter of Robert Sydney, Earl of Leices- 
ter, and widow of Thomas first Viscount Strangford, married 
secondly Sir Thomas Colepeper, by whom she had Colonel 



LADY FANSHAWE. 157 

was widow unto the Lord Strangford : this gen- 
tleman had a sister, who lived with him, as the 
world said, in too much love. She married Mr. 
Porter. This brother and sister being both athe- 
ists, and living a life according to their profession, 
went in a frolic into a vault of their ancestors, 
where, before they returned, they pulled some of 
their father's and mother''s hairs. Within a very 
few days after, Mrs. Porter fell sick and died. 

Colepeper, and a daughter, Roberta Anna, who married Major 
Thomas Porter, and died issueless, June 16th, 1661 , more than 
two years before Lady Fanshawe was told this story, the cir- 
cumstances of which she states to have happened only three 
months previously. The Colonel was a most extraordinary 
character, and though a man of genius and erudition, was very 
nearly a madman. A voluminous collection of his MSS. is 
preserved in the British Museum, whence it appears that he 
was in the habit of committing his most private thoughts to 
paper; that there was scarcely a subject to which his attention 
was not directed ; and that the Government and eminent persons 
were continually tormented with his projects and discoveries, 
embracing among others the Longitude. His quarrel with the 
Earl of Devonshire, which led to the imposition upon that 
nobleman of the exorbitant fine of 30,000/., is well known. 
But he was always involved in disputes and law-suits, and 
not unfrequently he was a prisoner for debt. lie filed 
affidavits in Chancery, denying his sister's marriage, with the 
view of justifying his refusal to pay her portion to her hus- 
band; but the only thing which in any way bears on the 
anecdote of the vault, is the fact that one of the Colonel's 



158 MEMOIR OF 

Her brother kept her body in a coffin set up in 
his buttery, saying it would not be long before he 
died, and then they would be both buried to- 
gether ; but from the night after her death, until 
the time that we were told the story, which was 
three months, they say that a head, as cold as 
death, with curled hair like his sister's, did ever 
lie by him wherever he slept, notwithstanding he 
removed to several places and countries to avoid 

conceits was a plan for embalming dead bodies. The hor- 
rible suspicion alluded to by Lady Fanshawe is unsupported 
by any other statement, and it may be hoped that she was 
as misinformed on the subject as she was about the time 
of Mrs. Porters decease. Part of Colonel Colepeper's papers 
relate to the particulars of a secret marriage, which he says, 
in a petition to the Court of Chancery, had taken place 
between him and the daughter and heiress of Alexander 
Davies, of Ebury, the widow of Sir Thomas Grosvenor; the 
unusual engagement into which they entered on the wedding- 
night ; the pretended capture of the lady by the Algerines ; 
his correspondence with the French Government to procure 
her release ; the various attempts to violate her person by 
one Fordwich; her refusal after her return to England to 
acknowledge the Colonel as her husband, and his efforts to 
effect tliat recognition. His wife's letters to him during his 
imprisonment, which are preserved in the Harleian MS. 7005, 
and the account of her efforts to procure his release, exhibit 
proofs of the most touching and devoted affection, and cannot 
be read without the highest esteem for her character. She 
was one of the coheiresses of the last Lord Frecheville. 



LADY FANSHAWE. 159 

it ; and several persons told us they had felt this 
apparition. 

On Monday, the 7th of September, we went to 
Gravesend, and from thence by water to Dorset 
House, in Salisbury Court, where we stayed fif- 
teen days. The 8th of September 1663, within 
two hours after our arrival, we were visited by 
very many kindred and friends, amongst whom 
his Grace of Canterbury, who came the next day 
and dined with us. The same day came the Bishop 
of Winchester, as did many others of the greatest 
clergy in England. 

Upon the 10th of September, my husband went 
to Bath, to wait upon his Majesty, who was then 
there : his Majesty graciously received him, and 
for a confirmation that he approved his service in 
his negotiation in Portugal, he was pleased to 
make him a Privy Counsellor. He was also very 
graciously received by her Majesty the Queen. 
Being indisposed with a long journey, my husband 
fell sick, but it continued but two days, thanks be 
to God ! 

On the 17th he went by Cornbury, where the 
Lord Chancellor then was, and so to London, and, 
in his absence, I, on the 16th, took a house in 
Boswell Court, near Temple Bar, for two years. 



160 MEMOIR OF 

immediately moving all my goods thereto, as well 
those, which were many, that I had left with my 
sister Turner in her house in my absence, as those 
that I brought with me out of Portugal, which 
were seventeen cart-loads. 

Upon Saturday, the 19th, my husband returned 
from his Majesty, and met me at our new house 
in Boswell Court. 

On Monday, the 21st, being at a great feast at 
my sister Turner's, where there met us very many 
of our friends upon the same invitation, whereof 
Sir John Cutler was one, who after dinner brought 
me a box, saying, ' Madam, this was to go to 
Portugal, but that I heard your Ladyship wras 
landed.' In it there was a piece of cloth of tissue 
for me, and ribbons and gloves for my children. 
Whilst we were at dinner, there came an express 
from Court, with a warrant to swear my husband 
a Privy Counsellor, from Sir Henry Bennet. The 
22nd we went down to Hertfordshire, to my brother 
Fanshawe's ; 24th we dined at Sir John Wats's, 
where we were nobly feasted with great kindness, 
and to add to my content, I there met with my 
little girl Betty, whom I had left at nurse within 
two miles of that place, at my going to Portugal, 
After being entertained at Sir Francis Boteler's, 



LADY FANSHAWE. 161 

our very good friend, we went to St. Albans to 
bed, where, the next day, we bought some coach- 
horses, and on the 26th we returned to London. 

On Tuesday, the 29th, we went again to St. 
Albans, where my husband bought eight more 
coach-horses ; the same night we returned to 
London. 

On the 1st of October, my husband was sworn 
a Privy Counsellor, in the presence of his Majesty, 
his Royal Highness, and the greatest part of his 
Majesty's honourable Privy Council. On the 
3rd, my husband waited on her Majesty the 
Queen-Mother, who received him with great kind- 
ness : the 4th I waited on her Majesty at White- 
hall, and there delivered the presents which the 
Queen-Mother of Portugal had sent her Majesty, 
who received both them and me in her bed-cham- 
ber, with great expressions of kindness. I stayed 
with her Majesty about an hour and a half, which 
she spent in asking questions of her mother, bro- 
thers, and country ; after which I waited on her 
Majesty in the drawing-room, whereinto the King 
entered presently after, and I seeing the King, re- 
tired to the side of the room, where his Majesty 
came to me presently, saluting me, and bade me 
welcome home, with great grace and kindness. 



162 MEMOIR OF 

asking me many questions of Lisbon and the 
country. 

On Sunday the 4th of October, my husband took 
his place as Privy Counsellor in the Lords^ seat ; 
likewise this day his Grace of Canterbury took his 
seat, and the Bishop of Winchester, both in the 
same place: his Grace of Canterbury did his 
homage to the King. The same day that my 
husband was sworn a Privy Counsellor, I waited 
on the Queen-Mother at Somerset House, and the 
Duke and Duchess of York at St. James's, who 
all received me with great cheerfulness and grace. 
On the 7th, the Lord Mayor invited all the 
Lords of the Privy Council to dinner, among 
whom was my husband. 

The 1st of January ^664<, New Year's-day, 
my husband, as Privy Counsellor, presented his 
Majesty with ten pieces of gold in a purse ; and 
the person that carries it hath a ticket given him 
of the receipt thereof, from the cupboard of Privy 
Chamber, where it is delivered to the Master of 
the Jewel-house, who is thereupon to give him 
twenty shillings for his pains, out of which he is 
to give to the servant of the Master of the Jewel- 
house eighteen-pence. 

We received, as the custom is, fifteen ounces 



LADY FANSHAWE. 163 

of gilt plate for a Privy Counsellor, and fifteen 
ounces for Secretary of the Latin Tongue ; like- 
wise we had the impost of four tuns of wine, two 
for a Privy Counsellor, and two for a Master of 
Requests. 

January 15th, I took my leave of the King and 
Queen, who, with great kindness, wished me a 
good voyage to Spain. Then I waited on the 
Queen-Mother at Somerset House : her Majesty 
sent for me into her bed-chamber, and after some 
discourse I took my leave of her Majesty. After- 
wards I waited on their Royal Highnesses, who 
received me with more than ordinary kindness, 
and after an hour and a half ""s discourse with me, 
saluted me and gave me leave to depart. 

On Tuesday, January 19th, my husband car- 
ried the Speaker, Sir Edward Turner's eldest son^ 
and my brother Turner, to the King, at White- 
hall, who conferred the honour of knighthood on 
them both, my husband particularly recommend- 
ing my brother Turner to his Majesty's grace and 
honour. 

On the 20th of January my husband took his 
leave of his Majesty and all the Royal Family, re- 
ceiving their dispatches and their commands for 
Spain, from which hour to our going out of town, 



164 MEMOIR OF 

day and night, our house was full of kindred and 
friends taking leave of us ; and on Tuesday the 
21st5 1664, in the morning, at eight ^o'clock, did 
rendezvous at Dorset House, in Salisbury Court, 
in that half of the house which Sir Thomas Fan- 
shawe then lived in, who entertained us with a 
» very good breakfast and banquet. The company 
that came thither was very great, as was likewise 
that which accompanied us out of town. Thus, 
with many coaches of our family and friends, we 
took our journey at ten of the clock towards 
Portsmouth. 

The company of our family was my husband, 
myself, and four daughters ; Mr. Bertie, son to 
- the Earl of Lindsey, Lord Great Chamberlain of 
England ; Mr. Newport, second son to the Lord 
Baron Newport ; Sir Benjamin Wright, Baronet ; 
Sir Andrew King ; Sir Edward Turner, Knight, 
son to the Speaker of the Commons' House of Par- 
liament ; and Mr. Francis Godolphin, son to Sir 
Francis Godolphin, Knight of the Bath. The 
most part of them went by water. 

We lay the first night at Guildford, the second 
at Petersfield, the third at Portsmouth, where we 
stayed till the 31st of the same month, being very 
civilly used there by the Mayor and his brethren. 



LADY FANSHAWE. 165 

who made my husband a freeman of the town, as 
their custom is to persons of quality that pass 
that way ; and likewise we received many favours 
from the Lieutenant-Governor, Sir Philip Hony- 
woodj with the rest of the commanders of that 
garrison. As I said before, we went on board the 
31st, being Sunday, the Admiral of the Fleet then 
setting out, Sir John Lawson, Chief Commander, 
in his Majesty's ship called the Resolution ; there 
was Captain Berkeley, Commander of the Bristol 
frigate. Captain Utber, Commander of the Phoe- 
nix, Captain Feme, Commander of the Ports- 
mouth, Captain Moon, Commander of the York, 
and Sir John Lawson's ketch, commanded by 
Captain King. 

Thus, at ten o'^clock, we set sail with a good 
wind, which carried us as far as Torbay, and then 
failed us ; there we lay till Monday the 15th of 
February, at nine o'clock at night, at which, it 
pleasing God to give us a prosperous wind, we set 
sail, and on the 23rd of February, our style, we 
cast anchor in Cadiz road, in Spain. 

So soon as it was known that we were there, the 
English Consul with the English merchants all 
came on board to welcome us to Spain ; and pre- 
sently after came the Lieutenant-Governor from 



166 MEMOIR OF 

the Governor for the time being, Don Diego de 
Ibara, to give us joy of our arrival, and to ask 
leave of my husband to visit him, which Don 
Diego did within two hours after the Lieutenant''s 
return. The next morning, stilo novo, came in a 
Levant wind, which blew the fleet so forcibly, 
that we could not possibly land until Monday, the 
7th of March, at 10 o'clock in the morning. Then 
came the Governor, Don Diego de Ibara, aboard, 
accompanied by most of the persons of quality of 
that town, with many boats for the conveyance of 
our family, and a very rich barge, covered with 
crimson damask fringed with gold, and Persia 
carpets under foot. So soon as it was day, we set 
sail to go nearer the shore. We were first saluted 
by all the ships in the road, and then by all the 
King of Spain^s forts, v^^hich salutation we return- 
ed again with our guns. 

My husband received the Governor upon deck, 
and carried him into the round-house, who, as soon 
as he was there, told my husband, that contrary 
to the usage of the King of Spain, his Majesty 
had commanded that his ships and forts should 
first salute the King of England's Ambassador, 
and that his Majesty had commanded that both in 
that place of Cadiz and in all others to the Court 



LADY FANSHAWE. 167 

of Madrid, my husband and all his retinue should 
be entertained upon the King's account, in as full 
and ample manner, both as to persons and convey- 
ance of our goods and persons, as if his Majesty 
were there in person. My husband and self and 
children went in the barge, the rest in other barges 
provided for that purpose. 

At our setting off. Sir John Lawson saluted us 
with very many guns, and as we went near the 
shore the cannon saluted us in great numbers. 
When we landed we were carried on shore in a 
rich chair supported by eight men : we were wel- 
comed by many volleys of shot, and all the per- 
sons of quality of that town by the sea-side, among 
whom was the Governor, did conduct my husband 
with all his train. There were infinite numbers 
of people, who with the soldiery did show us all 
the respect and welcome imaginable. I was re- 
ceived by his Excellency Don Melchor de la 
Cueva, the Duke of Albuquerque's brother, and 
the Governor of the garrison, who both led me 
four or five paces to a rich sedan, which carried 
me to the coach where the Governor's lady was, 
who came out immediately to salute me, and 
whom, after some compliments, I took into the 
coach with me and my children. 



168 MEMOIR OF 

When we came to the house where we were to 
lodge, we were nobly treated, and the Governor's 
wife did me the honour to sup with me. That 
afternoon the Duke of Albuquerque came to visit 
my husband, and afterwards me, with his brother 
Don Melchor de la Cueva. As soon as the Duke 
was seated and covered, he said, ' Madam, I am 
Don Juan de la Cueva, Duke of Albuquerque, 
Viceroy of Milan, of his Majesty's privy council. 
General of the galleys, twice Grandee, the first 
Gentleman of his Majesty's bed-chamber, and a 
near kinsman to his Catholic Majesty, whom God 
long preserve !' and then rising up and making me 
a low reverence with his hat off, said, ' These, with 
my family and life, I lay at your Excellency's 
feet; 

They were accompanied by a very great train of 
gentlemen. At his going away, he told me his 
Lady would suddenly visit me. We had a guard 
constantly waited on us, and sentries at the gate 
below and at the stairs' head above. We were 
visited by all the persons of quality in that town. 
Our house was richly furnished, both my hus- 
band's quarter and mine ; the worst chamber and 
bed in my apartment being furnished with da- 
mask, in which my chambermaid lay ; and 



LADY FANSHAWE. 169 

throughout all the chambers the floors were co- 
vered with Persia carpets. The richness of the 
gilt and silver plate, which we had in great abun- 
dance, as we had likewise of all sorts of very fine 
household linen, was fit only for the entertainment 
of so great a Prince as his Majesty, our Master, 
in the representation of whose person my husband 
received this great entertainment ; yet, I assure 
you, notwithstanding this temptation, that your 
father and myself both wished ourselves in a re- 
tired country life in England, as more agreeable 
to both our inclinations. 

I must not forget here the ceremony the Go- 
vernor used to my husband. After supper, the 
Governor brought the keys of the town to my 
husband, saying, ' Whilst your Excellency is here, 
I am no Governor of this town, and therefore de- 
sire your Excellency, from me your servant, to 
receive these keys, and to begin and give the 
word to the garrison.' This night my husband, 
with all the demonstrations of his sense of so great 
an honour, returned his Catholic Majesty, by him, 
his humble thanks, refusing the keys, and wishing 
the Governor much prosperity with them, who so 
well deserved that honour the King had given 
him. Then the Governor pressed my husband 
1 



ITO MEMOIR OF 

again for the word, which my husband gave, and 
was this : ' Long live his Catholic Majesty !' 
Then the Governor took his leave, and his Lady 
of me, whom I accompanied to the stairs' head. 

The next day we were visited by the Mayor 
and all the Burgesses of the town. On the same 
day, Saturday the 8th, the Governor's Lady sent 
me a very noble present of India plate and 
other commodities thereof. In the afternoon the 
Duchess of Albuquerque sent a gentleman to me, 
to know if with convenieocy her Excellency might 
visit me the next day, as the custom of the 
Court is. 

On Sunday the 9th, her Excellency with her 
daughter, who was newly married to her uncle 
Don Melchor de la Cueva, visited me. I met 
them at the stairs' head, and at her Excellency's 
going, there parted with her. Her Excellency 
had on, besides other very rich jewels, as I guess, 
about two thousand pearls, the roundest, the 
whitest, and the biggest that ever I saw in my 
life. 

On Thursday the 13th, the English Consul 
with all the merchants brought us a present of 
two silver basins and ewers, with a hundred 
weight of chocolate, with crimson taffeta clothes, 



LADY FANSHAWE. 171 

laced with silver laces, and voiders, which were 
made in the Indies, as were also the basins and 
ewers. 

This afternoon I went to pay my visit to the 
Duchess of Albuquerque. When I came to take 
coach, the soldiers stood to their arms, and the 
Lieutenant that held the colours displaying them, 
which is never done to any one but to Kings, or 
such as represent their persons, I stood still all 
the while, then at the lowering of the colours to 
the ground, they received for them a low courtesy 
from me, and for himself a bow; then taking 
coach, with very many persons both in coaches 
and on foot, I went to the Duke's palace, v/here I 
was again received by a guard of his Excellency's, 
with the same ceremony of the King's colours as 
before. Then I was received by the Duke's bro- 
ther and near a hundred persons of quality. I 
laid my hand upon the wrist of his Excellency's 
right hand ; he putting his cloak thereupon, as 
the Spanish fashion is, went up the stairs, upon 
the top of which stood the Duchess and her daugh- 
ter, who received me with great civility, putting 
me, into every door, and all my children, till we 
came to sit down in her Excellency's chamber, 
where she placed me on her right hand, upon 
I 2 



172 MEMOIR OF 

cushions, as the fashion of this Court is, being 
very rich and laid upon Persia carpets. 

At my return, the Duchess and her daughter 
went out before me, and at the door of her Ex- 
cellency's chamber, I met the Duke, who with his 
brother and the rest of the gentlemen that did ac- 
company our gentleman during our stay there, 
went down together before me. When I took my 
leave of the Duchess, in the same place where his 
Excellency received me, the Duke led me down to 
the coach in the same manner as his brother led 
me up the stairs ; and having received the cere- 
mony of the soldiers, I returned home to my 
lodgings ; where after I had been an hour, Don 
Antonio de Pimentel, the Governor of Cadiz, who 
that day was newly come to town, after having 
been to visit my husband, came to visit me with 
great company, on the part of his Catholic Ma- 
jesty, and afterwards upon his own score. He 
sent me a very rich present of perfumes, skins, 
gloves, and purses embroidered, with other nacks 
of the same kind. 

Sir John Lawson being now ready to depart 
from Cadiz, we presented him with a pair of fla- 
^aris, uu<i hundred pounds, and a tun of Luzena 
wine, which cost us forty pounds, and a hundred 



LADY FANSHAWE. 173 

and forty pieces-of-eight for his men. We sent 
Captain Feme two hundred pieces-of-eight, and 
to his men forty pieces-of-eight, they being very 
careful of our goods, the most of which he brought. 
We sent Captain Berkeley a hundred pieces-of- 
eight, and to his men twenty ; he carried part of 
our horses, as did Captain Utber, to whom we 
sent the like sum. 

On the 19th of March, we took our leave of 
Cadiz, where we gave at our coming away, to per- 
sons that attended on us in several offices, two 
hundred and eighty pieces-of-eight. We were 
accompanied to the water-side in the same manner. 
We were received on shore with all points of for- 
mality, and having taken our leave, with many 
thanks and compliments to the Governor, and Don 
Diego Ibara, his lady, and all the rest of those 
persons there, to whom we were as much beholden 
for their civility, we entered the King^s barge, 
which was newly trimmed up for the purpose by 
the Duke of Medina Celi, at Puerto de S'^ 
Maria. " No person ever went in it before but the 
King. The Governor, Don Antonio de Pimentel, 
went with us in the barge, and many other barges 
were provided by him for all our train. 

At our going we had many volleys of shot, 



174 MEMOIR OF 

afterwards many cannons, and as we went, the 
guns of all the ships in the harbour. When we 
were come over the bar, all the forts by St. Mary's 
Port saluted us ; and when we came to the shore- 
side, we found many thousand soldiers in arms, in 
very great order, with their commanders, and a 
bridge made on purpose for us, with great curio- 
sity, so far into the river, that the end of the 
bridge touched the side of the barge. At the end 
of the bridge stood the Duke of Medina Cell and 
his son, the Duke of Alcala. During the time of 
our landing, we had infinite volleys of shot, pre- 
sented v/ith drums beating and trumpets sound- 
ing, and all the demonstration of hearty welcome 
imaginable. 

The two dukes embraced my husband with great 
kindness, welcoming him to the place, and the 
Duke of Medina Celi led me to my coach, an 
honour that he had never done any but once, when 
he waited on your Queen to help her on the like 
occasion. The Duke d' Alcala led my eldest daugh- 
ter, and the younger led my second, and the Go- 
vernor of Cadiz, Don Antonio de Pimentel, led the 
third. Mrs. Kestian carried Betty in her arms. 

Thus I entered the Duchess of Alcala's coach, 
which conveyed me to my lodging, the ceremony 



LADY FANSHAWE. 175 

of the King''s colours being performed as at Ca- 
diz. We passed through the streets, in which 
were an infinite number of people, to a house pro- 
vided for us, the best of all the place, which was 
caused to be glazed by the Duke on purpose for 
us. At our alighting out of the coaches, the Duke 
led me up into my apartment, with an infinite 
number of noblemen and gentlemen, his relations ; 
there they took their leave of me, conducting my 
husband to his quarter, with whom they stayed in 
visit about half an hour, and so returned to his 
house. After I had been there three hours, the 
Duchess of Alcala sent a gentleman to say her 
Excellency welcomed me to the place, and that, 
as soon as I was reposed after my long voyage, 
she would wait upon me : in like manner did the 
Marquis of Bayona and his lady, and their son 
with his lady. 

I must not pass by the description of the en- 
tertainment, which was vastly great, tables being 
plentifully covered every meal for above three 
hundred persons. The furniture was all rich ta- 
pestry, embroideries of gold and silver upon vel- 
vet, cloth of tissue, both gold and silver, with rich 
Persia carpets on the floors : none could exceed 
them. Very delicate fine linen of all sorts, botii 



176 MEMOIR OF 

for table and beds, never washed, but new cut 
out of the piece, and all things thereunto belong- 
ing. The plate was vastly great and beautiful, 
nor for ornament were they fewer than the rest of 
the bravery, there being very fine cabinets, look- 
ing-glasses, tables, and chairs. 

On Thursday, at two in the afternoon, the 
Duchess of Alcala came to visit me ; she had lain 
in but three weeks of a daughter. The day before 
she performed all the ceremonies and civilities, 
which is the custom, of the Court to me and mine. 

On the 21st I was visited by the Marquesa of 
Bayona, and all that noble family. On the 23rd 
I went to repay the Duchess of Alcala her Excel- 
lency's visit, and to give her thanks for my noble 
entertainment ; a part thereof being provided un- 
der the care of her Excellency. 

I likewise went to pay the visit to the Marquesa 
de Bayona. On Monday the 24th,* we began our 
journey from Port St. Mary to Madrid, and taking 
leave of all the company, we gave one hundred 
pieces-of- eight to the servants of the family, and 
fifty pieces-of-eight to the Duke's coachman and 
footmen. The Duke accompanied me in the same 

* The new style is here used. 



LADY FANSHAWE. 177 

manner as he did when he brought me to the coach- 
side when we landed ; and afterwards my husband 
and the Duke entering the Duke's coach, he 
brought us a mile out of town, as did also the 
Marquis of Bayona, and his lady, with an infinite 
number of persons of the best quality of that place. 

That night we went to Xerez, being met, a 
league before we came to the town, by the Corre- 
gidor, accompanied by many gentlemen and coaches 
of that place, with many thousands of common 
people, who conducted us to a house provided for 
us, as the King had commanded, with plenty of 
all sorts of accommodation. My husband made 
his entry into the town in the Corregidor's coach, 
as he did in all places up to Madrid. 

At this town I was visited by my Lord Don- 
gan's* lady, who lives there, and whose visit I 

* Sir William Dongan, who was created Baron Dongan and 
Viscount Dongan of Claine, in the county of Kildare, in the 
Peerage of Ireland, in 1661. He was raised to the Earldom of 
Limerick, by James the Second, in 1685, and was attainted 
in 1691. A letter from him to Sir Richard Fanshawe, dated 
at Xeres, 1st June 1664, occurs among the Original Le tiers of 
Sir Richard Fanshawe, printed in 1701, page 102 ; and in his 
correspondence with Lord Arlington, in the British Museum, 
he thus alluded to him : — 

Madrid, 3rd June, 1666, stilo loci. "Lord Dongan m- 

I 5 



178 MEMOIR OF 

repaid the next day before I left the town. We 
received letters by a gentleman, sent express from 
the Duke of Medina Cell, and the Duke of Alca- 
la, who both wrote to my husband, and his Duch- 
ess to me, all of them expressing great civility and 
kindness. By the bearer of these letters we re- 
turned the acknowledgment of their favours in our 
letters, to all their Excellencies, and presented the 
knight that brought them with a chain of gold 
that cost thirty pounds sterling. 

At nine o'clock we left the pleasant town of 
Xerez, and lodged the next night at Lebrija ; and 
the next night at Utrera, where we saw the ruins 
of a brave town, nothing remaining extraordinary, 
but the fineness of the situation. We were met 
there by Don Lope de Mendo9a, who was sent 
with his troop of horse from Seville, by command 
of the Asistente of that city,* the Conde de Molina. 
There came out to meet us also, the Corregidor 

tends to set forth from this Court to England upon Friday 
next:'— Harl MS. 7010. f. 274. 

Madrid, 6th of June, 1665, stilo loci. " The bearer hereof, 
my Lord Dongan, passing through this Court for England, of- 
fered me an opportunity of congratulating your Excellency, 
her— Ibid. f. 276. 

* The Asistencia of Seville is a high municipal office, pe- 
culiar to that city. Die. de la Acad : Espan. 



LADY FANSHAWE. 179 

of Utrera, with an infinite number of persons of 
all qualities, who met us a league from the town, 
as did also the English Consul of Seville, with 
many English merchants, who had clothed twelve 
footmen in new liveries, to show the more respect 
to my husband. We were lodged in a priest's 
house, which was very nobly furnished for our 
reception, and our treatment was answerable 
thereunto. 

Thursday the 27th of March, we entered Se- 
ville, being met a league from the city by the as- 
sistant, the Conde de Molina, with many hundred 
coaches, with nobility and gentry in them, and 
very many thousands of the burgesses and com- 
mon people of the town. My husband, after 
usual compliments passed, went into the Conde's 
coach. I followed my husband in my own coach, 
as I ever did in all places ; all the pages going 
next my coach on horseback, and then our coach 
of state, and other coaches and litters behind, 
many of the gentlemen and servants riding on 
horseback, and many of the gentlemen did ride be- 
fore the coach. Thus we entered that great city 
that had been, of Seville, though now much de- 
cayed. We lay in the King's palace,* which was 

* The Alcazar. 



180 MEMOIR OF 

very royally furnished on purpose for our recep- 
tion, and all our treatment during our stay. We 
were lodged in a silver bedstead, quilt, curtains, 
valances, and counterpane of crimson damask, em- 
broidered richly with flowers of gold. The tables 
of precious stones, and the looking-glasses border- 
ed with the same ; the chairs the same as the bed, 
and the floor covered with rich Persia carpets, and 
a great brasero of silver, filled full of delicate flow- 
ers, which was replenished every day as long as 
we stayed. The hangings were of tapestry full of 
gold, all which furniture was never lain in but 
two nights, when his Majesty was at Seville. 
Within my chamber was a dressing-room, and 
by that, a chamber very richly furnished, in which 
my children lay, and within them all my women : 
on the other side of the chamber as I came in, was 
my dining-room, in which I did constantly eat. 
I and my children eating at a table alone, all the 
way, without any company, till we came to our 
joiirney''s end, where we provided for ourselves at 
Ballecas, within a league of Madrid. In this pa- 
lace, the chief room of my husband's quarters 
was a gallery, wherein were three pair of Indian 
cabinets of japan, the biggest and beautifulest 
that ever I did see in mv life : it was furnish- 



LADY FANSHAWE. 181 

ed with rich tapestry hangings, rich looking- 
glasses, tables, Persia carpets, and cloth of tissue 
chairs. This palace hath many princely rooms in 
it, both above and underneath the ground, with 
many large gardens, terraces, walks, fish-ponds, 
and statues, many large courts and fountains, all 
of which were as well dressed for our reception as 
art or money could make them. 

During our stay in this palace, we were every 
day entertained with a variety of recreations ; as 
shows upon the river, stage plays, dancing, men 
playing at legerdemain, which were constantly 
ushered in with very great banquets, and so fi- 
nished. 

On the 30th, the Malaga merchants of the Eng- 
lish presented my husband with a very fine horse, 
that cost them three hundred pounds. On the 
1st of April, the English merchants of Seville, 
with their Consul, presented us with a quantity of 
chocolate and as much sugar, with twelve fine 
sarcenet napkins laced thereunto belonging, with a 
very large silver pot to make it in, and twelve very 
fine cups to drink it out of, filigree, with covers of 
the same, with two very large salvers to set them 
upon, of silver. 

On Thursday the 3rd of April, 1 664, we took 



182 MEMOIR OF 

our leave of the assistant and the rest of that no- 
ble company at Seville. The Conde de Molina, 
who was Asistente of Seville, presented me with a 
young lion ; but I desired his Excellency's pardon 
that I did not accept of it, saying I was of so 
cowardly a nature, I durst not keep company with 
it. In the same manner as they received "us, so 
they accompanied us a league onward on our way, 
whereupon my husband alighting out of the 
Conde'*s coach, and having with me taken leave of 
all the company, both he and I got upon horse- 
back ; and here we took our leave of my Lord 
Dongan, who with great kindness brought us so 
far from Xerez. Some of the Malaga merchants 
of Seville accompanied us on our journey. That 
night we lay at Carmona ; and on the 4th of April 
at Fuentes, the Onoi' of the Marquis, who is now 
at Paris, Ambassador from the King of Spain to 
that Court. On the 5th we lay at Ezija, where 
we received noble entertainment from the noble- 
men and gentlemen of that town ; where we stayed 
till Thursday, the 8th of April, and after paying 
thanks to those persons that had so well ordered 
that noble entertainment with great civility to us, 
we went that night to Cordova, where, a league 
before we came to the town, we were met by the 



LADY FANSHAWE. 183 

Corregidor with near a hundred coaches, and a 
foot company of soldiers stood on each side of the 
way, giving volleys of shot, with displayed colours 
and trumpets, with many thousands of people, 
who by fireworks and other expressions showed 
much joy. Here we parted with Don Lope, a 
gentleman sent from the Conde de Molina to this 
place to accompany us. 

We were lodged at a very brave house, and as 
bravely furnished : at night we had a play acted, 
and during our stay there we saw many nun- 
neries, and the best churches, as we had likewise 
done at Seville and at all the other towns through 
which we had passed in our journey from the sea- 
side. We had there the feast of the bulls, called 
in the Spanish tongue juego de toros.* We 
had likewise another sport, called juego de 
canas,-f in which appeared very many fine gen- 
tlemen, fine horses, and very fine trappings. We 
had abundance of entertainments, and yet their 
civility and good manners exceeded all, as like- 
wise the fame of that place, which is so highly 
renowned in the world for noble and v^ell-bred 
gentlemen. The Corregidor presented me with 

* Properly " corridas de toros,^ i. e. bull fights. 

+ A kind of tournament, played with canes instead of lances. 



184 MEMOIR OF 

twelve great cases of amber and orange-water, 
reputed to be the best in the world, with twelve 
barrels of olives, vs^hich have likewise the same 
fame. 

Upon Thursday the 15th of April we took our 
leave of Cordova, and all those noble persons there- 
in, lodging that night at Carpio, the Marquisship 
of Don Lewis de Haro ; and on the 16th, we lodg- 
ed at Andujar, and on the 17th, at Linares; the 
18th we entered the Sierra Morena, and lodged at 
St. Estevan, the O?ior of a Conde, who is at pre- 
sent Vice-King of Peru ; on the 19th, we came out 
of the Sierra Morena, and lodged that night at la 
Torre de Juan-Abad ; on the 20th we lay at La 
Membrilla, and there stayed all day on Monday 
and Tuesday ; the 22nd at Villarta : here rises 
the river Guadiana, that goes under ground seven 
leagues before. On the 23rd, we lay at Con- 
suegra; here Don John of Austria was nursed. 
The 24th, we lay at Mora; on the 25th, we lay 
at the famous city of Toledo, two leagues from 

that town. The Marquis of , Governor 

of Toledo, met us, in whose coach my husband 
went with him towards the town, where within 
half a league he was met by four persons that re- 
presented the city, and all the city of Toledo, 



LADY FANSHAWE. 185 

with all the noblemen and gentlemen of that town. 
A little farther the Marquis's lady met me, who 
ahghting out of her coach, and I to meet her, 
after some compliments passed, I entered her 
coach with my children, and so passed through 
the streets, in which there were both water- works 
and fire- works, and many thousand people of all 
sorts, and companies of soldiers giving us volleys 
of shots. 

We alighted at the gate, the Marquis leading 
me up into my lodgings. This house, next to the 
King's Palace at Seville, was both the largest and 
the noblest furnished that I saw in all my journey ; 
and likewise all the streets of the city were hung 
with rich tapestry and other rich things of silver 
and gold embroidery, through which we passed. 
We were there entertained, during our stay, 
with comedies and music, and juego de toros, and 
with great plenty of provisions of all sorts, that 
were necessary to demonstrate a princely enter- 
tainment. I eat constantly at a table on purpose 
provided for me, at which the Marquesa kept me 
company, as she did likewise whenever I went to 
visit any remarkable place, of which there are 
many in Toledo, but none comparable to the great 
church, which for the greatness and beauty of it 



186 MEMOIR OF 

I have not seen many better, but for the riches 
therein never the like. Here my husband re- 
ceived another message from the Duke de Medina 
las Torres, desiring him to meet him at Valde- 
moro the Friday following, his Catholic Majesty 
being then at Aranjuez. This message was sent 
by a gentleman of his own, the other that he sent 
to welcome us into this country, being under-gen- 
tleman of the horse to her Majesty. 

Upon Thursday the 29th of April, we took our 
leave of the Marquis and his lady, giving one 
hundred and eighty pieces-of-eight among his 
family. The night we lay at YUescas, and on the 
30th we came to Ballecas, where we found a house 
provided for us. Here the King's entertainment 
ceased, and we provided for all the accommoda- 
tions of our family, the bare house only excepted. 
We continued at Ballecas till the 8th of June fol- 
lowing, during which time there happened no- 
thing extraordinary ; the Duke often sending his 
secretary to my husband about business, and the 
Master of the Ceremonies about our constant en- 
deavour to get a house, though at last we were 
glad to go to a part of a house of the Conde de 
Irvias,* where the Duke of St. Germain had lived 
before. Here we received many messages of wel- 
* Query. 



LADY FANSHAWE. 187 

come to the Court from all the Ambassadors and 
all the Grandees, and I from the Ambassadors' 
ladies, the Duchess de Medina las Torres, with 
great numbers of the greatest persons of quality 
in Madrid. The men visited my husband, but I 
could not suffer the ladies to visit me, though 
they much desired it, because I was so straitened 
in my lodgings, which in no sort were convenient 
to receive persons of that quality in, not being 
capacious enough for our own family, for w^hose 
accommodation we took Count Mar9in's house 
close by this. 

On Wednesday the 18th of June, my husband 
had his audience of his Catholic Majesty ; who 
sent the Marquis de Mai pica to conduct him, 
and brought with him a horse of his Majesty's for 
my husband to ride on, and thirty more for his 
gentlemen, and his Majesty''s coach with the guard 
that he was captain of. No Ambassador's coach 
accompanied my husband but the French, who 
did it contrary to the King's command ; who had 
before, upon my husband's demanding the custom 
of Ambassadors accompanying all other Ambas- 
sadors that came into this Court at their audience, 
replied, that although it had been so, it should be 
so no more ; saying, it was a custom brought into 
this Court within less than these twenty-five years, 



188 MEMOIR OF 

and that it caused many disputes, for which he 
would no more suffer it. To this order all the 
Ambassadors in this Court submitted but the 
French, whose Secretary told my husband, at his 
coming that morning, that his Master, the Am- 
bassador, said that his Catholic Majesty had no- 
thing to do to give his Master orders, nor would 
he obey any of them ; and so great was this work 
of supererogation on the part of the French, that 
they waited on my husband from the palace home, 
a compliment till that time never seen before. 

About 11 o'clock set forth out of his lodgings 
my husband thus : — First went all those gentlemen 
of the town and palace that came to accompany 
him ; then went twenty footmen all in new liveries 
of the same colour we used to give, which is a dark 
green cloth with a frost upon green lace ; then 
went my husband's gentlemen, and next before 
himself his camaradoes two and two : 

Mr. Wycherley and Mr. Lorimer, 

Mr. Godolphin, Sir Edward Turner, 

Sir Andrew King, Sir Benjamin Wright, 

Mr. Newport and Mr. Bertie. 

Then my husband, in a very rich suit of clothps of 
a dark fiUemorte brocade laced with silver and 



LADY FANSHAWE. 189 

gold lace, nine laces, every one as broad as my 
hand, and a little silver and gold lace laid between 
them, both of very curious workmanship ; his suit 
was trimmed with scarlet taffety ribbon ; his 
stockings of white silk upon long scarlet silk 
ones ; his shoes black, with scarlet shoe-strings 
and garters ; his linen very fine, laced with very 
rich Flanders lace ; a black beaver, buttoned on 
the left side, with a jewel of twelve hundred 
pounds value. A rich curious-wrought gold 
chain, made in the Indies, at which hung the 
King his Master^s picture, richly set with dia- 
monds, cost 300/. which his Majesty, in great 
grace and favour, had been pleased to give him at 
his coming home from Portugal. On his fingers 
he wore two rich rings ; his gloves trimmed with 
the same ribbon as his clothes. All his whole 
family were very richly clothed, according to their 
several qualities. Upon my husband's left hand 
rode the Marquis of Malpica, Captain of the 
German guard, and the Mayor-domo to his Ma- 
jesty, being that week in waiting : by him went 
all the German guard, and by them my husband's 
eight pages, clothed all in velvet, the same colour 
as our liveries ; next them followed his Catholic 
Majesty's coach, and my husband's coach of state 



190 MEMOIR OF 

•with four black horses, the finest that ever came 
out of England, none going in this Court* with six 
but the King himself. The coach was of rich 
crimson velvet, laced with a broad silver and gold 
lace, fringed round with a massy silver and gold 
fringe, and the falls of the boot so rich that they 
hung almost down to the ground : the very fringe 
cost almost four hundred pounds. The coach 
was very richly gilt on the outside, and very 
richly adorned with brass work, with rich tassels 
of gold and silver hanging round the top of the 
curtains round about the coach. The curtains 
were of rich damask, fringed with silver and gold ; 
the harness for six horses was richly embossed 
with brass work ; the reins and tassels for the 
horses of crimson silk, silver and gold. This 
coach is said to be the finest that ever entered 
Madrid with any Ambassador whatsoever. Next 
to this followed the French Ambassador's coach ; 
then my husband's second coach, which was of 
green figured velvet, with green damask curtains, 
handsomely gilt, adorned on the outside, with 
harness for six horses, suitable to the same. The 
four horses were fellows to those that drew the 

* i. e. Within the royal residence. Out of the city it was 
allowed to use six horses, as will be presently seen. 



LADY FANSHAWE. 191 

rich coach when we went out of town, using always 
six. After this followed my husband's third coach, 
with four mules, being a very good one, according 
to the fashion of this country. Then followed 
many coaches of particular persons of this Court. 

Thus they rode through the greatest streets of 
Madrid, as the custom is ; and alighting within 
the palace, my husband was conducted up by the 
Marquis, all the King's guard attending, through 
many rooms, in which were infinite numbers of 
people, as there were in the streets to see him pass 
to the palace up to a private drawing-room of his 
Catholic Majesty's, where my husband was re- 
ceived with great grace and favour by his Majesty. 
My husband, being covered, delivered his message 
in English, interpreted afterwards by himself in 
Spanish. After this my husband gave his Catholic 
Majesty thanks for his noble entertainment from 
our landing to this Court, to which his Catholic 
Majesty replied, ' That, as well for the great 
esteem he had ever had for his person, as the 
greatness of his Master whom he served, he would 
be always glad to be serviceable to him."* 

After my husband's obeisance to the King, and 
saluting all the grandees there waiting, he was 
conducted to the Queen ; where having stayed in 



192 MEMOIR OF 

company with her Majesty, the Empress,* and 
the Prince, took his leave. He returned home in 
his Majesty's coach, with the Marquis of Malpica 
sitting at the same end, accompanied by the same 
persons that went with him, having a banquet 
ready for them at their return. That day in the 
evening my husband visited his Excellency the 
Duke de Medina de las Torres ; and the next 
morning, all the Council of State, as the custom of 
this Court is. 

Upon the 21st, all the Ambassadors at this 
Court, one after the other, visited my husband, as 
did also the grandees and nobles ; his Excellency 
the Duke de Medina de las Torres beginning. 
On the 24th, my husband had a private audience 
of his Catholic Majesty ; on the 27th, I waited on 
the Queen and the Empress, with my daughters 

* Philip the Fourth of Spain succeeded his father Philip 
the Third in 1621, and married his niece, Maria Anna, daugh- 
ter of his sister of the same name by the Emperor Ferdinand. 
By her he had issue a son, Charles the Second, who succeeded 
him in 1665, and died in 1700, and two daughters, Maria 
Theresa, who married Louis XI\^. of France, and Margaret, 
who was the wife of the Emperor Leopold, and who is conse- 
quently spoken of in the Memoirs as the Empress. The cere- 
mony of her marriage by proxy, and her departure for her hus- 
band's dominions, are afterwards fully noticed. 



LADY FANSHAWE. 193 

and all my train. I was received at the Buen 
Retiro bj the guard, and afterwards, when I 
came up-stairs, by the Marquesa of Isincessa,* 
the Queen's Camarera Mayor, then in waiting. 
Through infinite number of people I passed to the 
Queen'*s presence, where her Majesty was seated 
at the upper end under a cloth of state, upon 
three cushions, and on the left hand the Empress, 
and three more ; the ladies were all standing. 
After making my last reverence to the Queen, her 
Majesty and the Empress rising up, and making 
me a Kttle courtesy, sat down again; then I, by 
my interpreter, Sir Benjamin Wright, said those 
compliments that were due from me to her Ma- 
jesty, to which her Majesty made me a gracious 
and kind reply. Then I presented my children, 
whom her Majesty received with great grace and 
favour; then her Majesty speaking to me to sit, 
I sat down upon a cushion laid for me, above 
all the ladies who sat, but below the Camarera 
Mayor, no woman taking place of her Excellency^ 
but princesses. The children sat on the other 
side, mingled with Court ladies that are maids of 
honour. Thus having passed half an hour in dis- 
course, I took my leave of her Majesty and the 

* Qu. Inojosa ? 
K 



194 MEMOIR OF 

Empress, making reverences to all the ladies in 
passing. I returned home in the same manner as I 
came. The next day the Camarera Mayor'* sent 
to see how I did, in compliment from her Majesty. 
On the 9th of July my husband sent Don Pedro 
Rocca, Master of the Ceremonies, a gold chain, 
which cost four-score pounds ; and, on the 22nd of 
July, the merchants of Alicant sent us a piece of 
purple damask, of one hundred and thirty yards, 
for a present. On Saturday the 16th of August, 
we came to the house of Siete Chimeneas, which 
his Majesty gave us to dwell in, having been the 
house where the Venetian Ambassador dwelt, and 
who went out for our accommodation by the 
King''s command. 

We settled now our family and tables in order : 
our own consisted of two courses, of eight dishes 
each, and the steward's of four. We had our 
money returned from England by Mr. Goddard, 
an English merchant living in Madrid, a very 
honest man and an able merchant. Tuesday the 
24th, we dined at the Casa del Campo, a house of 
his Majesty^s, in the garden of which stands a very 
brave statue of Philip the Second, on horseback. 
October 4th, we dined at the Prado, anotlier 
* First Lady cf the Queen's Household. 



LADY FANSHAWE. 195 

house of his Majesty's, which is very fine, and 
hath a fine park well stored with deer belonging 
to it. 

October , we went privately to see Aran- 

juez, which was most part of it built by Philip 
the Second, husband to Queen Mary of England. 
There are the highest trees, and grow up the 
evenest, that ever I saw ; many of them are bored 
through with pipes for water to ascend and to 
fall from the top down one against another ; and 
likewise there are many fountains in the side of 
this walk, and the longest walks of elms I ever 
saw in my life. The park is well stored with 
English oaks and elms, and deer ; and the Tagus 
makes it an island. The gardens are vastly large, 
with the most fountains, and the best, that ever I 
saw in my life. 

As soon as the Duke heard we were gone thi- 
ther, he immediately sent orders after us for our 
entertainment by a post ; but we were gone be- 
fore. Going home by Esquivias, we saw those 
famous reputed cellars, which are forty-four 
steps dow^n, where that admirable wine is kept in 
great tinajas, which are pots holding about five 
hundred gallons each ; and to let you know how 
strangely they clear their wine, it is by putting 
K 2 



196 MEMOIR OF 

some of the earth of the place in it, which way of 
refining their wine is done no where but here. 

October the l^th, the King proclaimed the 
lowering the vellon money* to the half; and the 
pistole, that was this morning at eighty-two reals, 
was proclaimed to go but for forty-eight, which was 
above eight hundred pounds loss to my husband. 

October the 21st, we went to see the Buen 
Retiro. The Duke de Medina de las Torres, who 
has the keeping of this house of the King's frojm 
his Majesty, sent two of his gentlemen to show us 
all that belongs thereunto. The place is adorned 
with much water and fountains, trees and fine 
gardens, with many hermitages up and down the 
place, and a very good house for his Majesty ; yet 
the pictures therein did far exceed the rest, they 
being many, and all very curious, done by the 
best hand in the w^orld in their times. 

On the 27th of October we went, with all our 
train, to see the Escurial, the Duke de Medina de 
las Torres having procured a letter here from the 
Pope's Nuncio to give me leave to see the convent 
there, which cannot be seen by any woman without 

* Properly, copper currency, as distinguished from the plata, 
or silver coinage. Hence the English and French Billon, sig- 
nifying base money. 



LADY FAN SHAW E. 197 

his leave : likewise the Duke did send letters to 
the Prior, commanding him to assist in showing 
all the principal parts of that princely fabric, and 
to lodge us in the lodging of the Duke de Mon- 
taldo, the Mayor-domo to her Majesty. We were 
near eighty persons in company, and five coaches. 
So soon as we were arrived there, the Prior sent 
two of his chief friars to welcome us to the Escu- 
rial. The friar who met us by command a league 
before, at a grange house of his Majesty's, and 
accompanied us to the Escurial, being returned, 
these friars from the Prior brought us a present 
of St. Martin's wine and melons, a calf, a kid, two 
great turkeys, fine bread, apples, pears, cream, 
with some other fine things of that place. On the 
28th, being St. Simon's and Jude's day, w^e all 
went early in the morning to see the church, ivhere 
we were met by the Prior at the door, with all the 
friars on both sides, who received us with great 
kindness and respect, and all the choir singing till 
we came up to the high altar ; then all of them 
accompanied us to the Pantheon, which was, for 
that purpose, hung full of lights in the branches ; 
there saw I the most glorious place for the covering 
of the bones of their Kings of Spain that is possible 
to imagine. I will briefly give you this description. 



198 MEMOIR OF 

The descent is about thirty steps, all of polished 
marble, and arched and lined on all sides with 
jasper polished ; upon the left hand, in the middle 
of the stairs, is a large vault, in which the bodies 
of their Kings, and Queens that have been mothers 
of Kings, lie in silver coffins for one year, until 
the moisture of their bodies be consumed. Over 
against this is another vault, in which lie buried 
the bodies of those Queens that had no sons at 
their death, and all the children of their Kings 
that did not inherit. At the bottom of the stairs 
is the Pantheon, built eighty feet square, and is, I 
guess, about sixty feet over ; the whole lining of 
it in all places is jasper, very curiously carved, 
both in figures and flowers and imagery ; and a 
branch for forty lights, which is vastly rich, of 
silver, and hangs down from the top by a silver 
chain, within three yards of the bottom, and is 
made with great art, as is also this curious knot 
of jasper on the floor, that the reflection of the 
branch and lights is perfectly there to be seen. 
The bodies of their Kings lie in jasper stones, 
supported every coffin by four lions of jasper at 
the four corners ; three coffins and three head- 
stones are set in every arch, which arch is curi- 
ously ^vrought in the roof, and supported by jas- 



LADY FANSHAWE. 199 

per pillars : there are seven arches, and one in the 
middle at the upper end, and over against the 
coming in, that contains a very curious altar and 
crucifix of jasper. 

From thence we saw all the convent and the 
sacristia, in which there were all the principal 
pieces that ever Titian made, and th^ hands of 
many others of the most famous men that then 
were in the world. 

After seeing the convent, and every part thereof, 
we saw the King's palace, with the apothecary's 
shop, and all the stillatories, and all belonging 
thereunto. 

The Escurial stands under the side of a very 
high mountain ; it has a very fine river, and a very 
large park well stored with deer ; it is built upon 
a hill, and you ascend above half a mile through 
a double row of elm-trees to the house, which 
is abundantly served with most excellent water 
and wood for their use. The front has a large 
platform paved with marble, and railed with a 
stone baluster round about ; the entry of the gate 
is supported by two marble pillars, each of them 
of one entire marble, which are near twelve feet 
high. It is built with seventeen courts and gar- 
dens thereunto ; every court contains a different 



200 MEMOIR OF 

office; the whole is built of rough marble, with 
pillars of the same round the cloisters ; and the 
walls thereof are made so smooth, that the 
famous Titian hath painted them with stories all 
over, among others, the story of the battle of 
Lepanto, and the gallery of the palace also : they 
have infinite numbers of fountains, both within 
and without house. It contains a very fine palace, 
a convent, and a college and hospital, all which 
are exactly well kept and royally furnished ; but 
I cannot omit saying, that the finest stillatory I 
ever saw is there, being a very large room shelved 
round, with glasses sized and sorted upon the 
shelves, many of crystal gilt, and the rest of 
Venice glasses, and some of vast sizes ; the floor 
is paved with black and white marble ; and in the 
middle stands a furnace, with five hundred stills 
around it, with glass like a pyramid, with glass 
heads. The apothecary's shop is large, very richly 
adorned with paint, and gilding, and marble ; 
there is an inward room, in which the medicines are 
made, as finely furnished and beautified as the shop; 
all the vessels are silver, and so are all the instru- 
ments for surgery : nothing is wanted there for 
that purpose that invention or money can produce. 
We were entertained with a banquet at the 



LADY FANSHAWE. 201 

Prior's lodging ; and afterwards returned, accom- 
panied by the friars, to our lodgings, where the 
Prior made a visit to my husband, and my hus- 
band offered to repay it again, sending to him to 
know if his Reverendissima Seiioria would give 
him leave to wait on him that night, to thank 
him for his noble entertainment, although both he 
and I had done it. The Prior excused the visit, 
and so we rested that night. 

I would not have you that read this book, won- 
der that I should not more largely describe this so 
unparalleled fabric in the world ; but I do pur- 
posely omit the particulars, because they are 
exactly described in a book written by the friars, 
and sold in that place, with all the cuts of every 
particular of the place, and you have it among 
your father''s books. The friars of this convent 
are of the order of St. Lawrence. 

On the 29th, we returned home to our house at 
Madrid, where on Saturday afternoon my little 
child, Betty, fell ill of the small-pox, as had done 
my daughter Ann, in the month of September 
before ; but both of them, God's name be praised ! 
recovered perfectly well, without blemish : but as 
I could not receive, for want of capacity of room, 
the ladies of the Court at my lodgings at the 

K 5 



202 MEMOIR OF 

Conde de Irvias, so eould I not receive them 
here by reason of the small-pox in the family, and 
they having twice offered to visit me, and I re- 
fused it upon that account. 

Thursday 27th November, I went to wait upon 
the Emperor's Ambassador's lady, at her house ; 
upon the 28th, I went to wait upon the Duchess 
de Medina de las Torres; and on the 29th, the 
Emperor's Ambassador's lady came to visit me. 
The same day the Duchess de Medina de las 
Torres sent an excuse by Don Alonso, one of the 
Duke'^s secretaries, that she could not visit that 
day, by reason her youngest daughter was fallen 
sick of a fever. Sunday the 30th of November, I 
sent to thank the Emperor's Ambassador's lady 
for the visit the day before, and to see how she 
did. 

Upon the 1st of December, we let our dispense 
for seventy-two thousand reals vellon, a year, 
which, at forty-eight reals a pistole, is one hun- 
dred and twenty-five pistoles a month : he (the con- 
tractor) paid me this sum this day, as he is oblig- 
ed to do the first day of every month; and like- 
wise to give me for the arrears of the dispense, 
which was near eleven weeks, fourteen thousand 
reals. 



LADY FAN SHAW E. 203 

Upon the 15th of December, was seen here at 
Madrid a very great blazing star, which to our 
view appeared with a train of twelve or fourteen 
yards long: it rose at first in the south-south- 
east, about twelve o'clock at night, but altered its 
course during the continuance thereof. Within 
a fortnight after its expiration, it appeared at six 
o'clock at night with the rays reversed ; it conti- 
nued in our view till the 23rd day of January. 

December the 22nd, which is the Queen of 
Spain's birth-day, 1 went to give her Majesty joy 
thereof, and to the Empress, and to the Prince of 
Spain, in such form as the custom of this Court 
is. About this time I had sent me by a Genoese 
merchant, that was a banker in Madrid, a box of 
about a yard and a half long, and almost a yard 
and a half broad, and a quarter and a half deep, 
covered with green taffety, and bound with a 
silver lace, with lock and key ; within, it was di- 
vided into many partitions, garnished with gilt 
paper, and filled full of the best and choicest 
sweetmeats, all dry. I never saw any so beautiful 
and good before or since, besides the curiosity. 

On the 23rd, we were invited to see a shoAv, 
performed by forty-eight of the chiefest of the 
nobihty of this Court, who ran tv/o and two on 



204 MEMOIR OF 

horseback, as fast as the horses could run, in walks 
railed in on purpose on both sides, before the 
palace-gate ; over which, in a balcony, sat the 
King, the Queen, and Empress; round about, 
in other balconies, sat the nobility of the Court, 
and in an eiifre-suelo, at the King's left hand, sat 
the chief of the Ambassadors. My husband and 
I were with the Duke and Duchess de Medina de 
las Torres, in their own particular quarter in the 
palace, which we chose as the best place, and hav- 
ing the best view^, whereupon we refused the bal- 
cony. The sight was very jfine, and the noblemen 
and horses very richly attired. 

Upon the 1st of January, I received of our 
Dispensero, as was my due, six thousand reals, 
for the month's dispense, and six thousand more 
in part of arrears. Upon the 4th of January, I 
waited on the Queen, Prince, and Empress, to 
give them the buenas pascuas,* as the custom of 
this Court is. 

On the 5th, here came, among other diversions 
of sports we had this Christmas, Juan Araiia, the 
famous comedian, who here acted about two hours 
to the admiration of all that beheld him, consi- 
dering that he was near upon eighty years of age. 

* Compliments of the season. 



LADY FANSHAWE. 205 

About this time the Duke of Alva sent my hus- 
band a fat buck ; I never eat any better in Eng- 
land. We do take it for granted in England that 
there is nothing good to eat in Spain, but 1 assure 
you the want is money alone. 

The 11th of December, the President of Castile 
gave a warrant to an officer to execute upon Don 
Francisco de Ayala, to carry him prisoner for 
some offences by him committed. This gentleman 
lived in a house within the protection of my hus- 
band's barriers, very near to his own dwelling- 
house ; for which reason, no person can give or 
execute a warrant for what crime soever, without 
the leave of the Ambassador ; but notwithstand- 
ing, the officer who executed this warrant, being 
backed by the President of Castile, did seize the 
person of Don Francisco de Ayala in his own 
house, and carried him to prison. Notice where- 
of being given to my husband from him, my hus- 
band immediately wrote a letter to the President 
of Castile, demanding the prisoner to be immedi- 
ately brought home to his house ; that he would 
not suffer the privilege of the King, his master, to 
be broken, making further greater complaint of 
this usage to him ; to which the next day, in a 
letter, the President replied, tliat an Ambassador 



206 MEMOIR OF 

had no power to protect out of his own house and 
household, with many other ridiculous excuses; 
but all his allegations being proved against him, 
both by ancient and modern custom, by hundred 
of examples, and nothing left him to defend him- 
self but his own peevish wilfulness, my husband 
pursued the business with much vigour, telling 
the gentleman that brought him the President''s 
letter, that his master, the President, as to him 
had once been very civil, but as to the King, his 
master, most uncivil, both in the acting and de- 
fending so indecent a business ; for which reason 
he would not give an answer by letter to the Pre- 
sident, because his to the Ambassador did not 
deserve one ; all which my husband desired the 
gentleman to acquaint the President, his master, 
with. Then my husband visited the gentleman in 
prison, a thing never before known of an Ambassa- 
dor ; telling the prisoner openly, before many gen- 
tlemen that were there accompanying cf him, that 
he would have him out, or else that he would im- 
mediately leave the Court. The great number of 
gentlemen and servants of my husband's family 
gave apprehensions to the keeper of the prison, 
when my husband demanded leave to visit the 
prisoner. 



LADY FANSHAWE. 207 

The next day, being the 16th, Don Francisco 
de Ayala was visited, by my husband's example, 
by most of the council and nobility of this Court. 
In the evening, in a letter to the Duke de Medina 
de las Torres, my husband inclosed a memorial to 
his Catholic Majesty, demanding the prisoner, say- 
ing, he was very sorry that at one time, a few- 
years ago, in the year 1650, some English gentle- 
men, whereof Mr. Sparks was one, did kill one 
Askew, an agent of Oliver's to the Catholic King. 
When they had thus done, all those persons and 
degrees made their escape but Mr. Sparks, who 
took sanctuary in one of their churches ; notwith- 
standing which, the privilege thereof being de^ 
fended both by the Archbishop of Toledo and 
the greatest prelates of this kingdom, he was by 
the King and council pulled out of the church 
and executed, so great at that time was the fear 
that this Court had of Oliver ; and now, violation 
of privileges should only have been used to his 
Majesty, the King of England, assuring his Ma- 
jesty he neither could nor would put it up without 
ample restitution made. 

Upon the perusal of this memorial, his Catholic 
Majesty did immediately command the President 
of Castile to send his warrant the next day, and 



208 MEMOIR OF 

to release Don Francisco de Ayala, and to send 
him home immediately to my husband, which was 
done accordingly that night ; and my husband, 
with all his coaches and family, which were near 
a hundred persons, carried him and placed him 
in his own house before the officers' faces that 
brought him home from prison. All this you will 
find in your father's transactions in his Spanish 
embassy. In this action my husband did not 
receive so much content in the victory as the Spa- 
niards of all sorts, on whom it made a very great 
impression ; though the chief Minister of state in 
our country did not value this, nor give the en- 
couragement to such a noble action as was due. 
And here I will impartially say, what I have ob- 
served of the Spanish nation, both in their princi- 
ples, customs, and country. 

I find it a received opinion that Spain affords 
not food either good or plentiful : true it is that 
strangers that neither have skill to choose, nor 
money to buy, will find themselves at a loss ; but 
there is not in the Christian world better wines 
than their midland wines are especially, besides 
sherry and canary. Their water tastes like milk ; 
their corn white to a miracle, and their wheat 
makes the sweetest and best bread in the world ; 
bacon be}'ond belief good ; the Segovia veal much 



LADY FANSHAWE. 209 

larger and fatter than ours ; mutton most excel- 
lent ; capons much better than ours. They have 
a small bird that lives and fattens on grapes and 
corn, so fat that it exceeds the quantity of flesh. 
They have the best partridges I ever eat, and the 
best sausages ; and salmon, pikes, and sea-breams, 
which they send up in pickle, called escabeche,^ 
to Madrid, and dolphins, which are excellent 
meat, besides carps, and many other sorts of fish. 
The cream, called 7iata, is much sweeter and 
thicker than any I ever saw in England ; their 
eggs much exceed ours ; and so all sorts of salads, 
and roots, and fruits. What I most admired are, 
melons, peaches, burgamot pears, grapes, oranges, 
lemons, citrons, figs, and pomegranates ; besides 
that I have eaten many sorts of biscuits, cakes, 
cheese, and excellent sweetmeats 1 have not here 
mentioned, especially manger-blanc ; and they 
have olives, which are no where so good ; and 
their perfumes of amber excel all the world in 
their kind, both for household stuff and fumes ; 
and there is no such water made as in Seville. 

They have daily curiosities brought from Italy 
and the Indies to this Court, which, though I got 

* " Esaheclie ; a pickle made of white wine, bay leaves, 
sliced lemons, and spices, used for preserving fish and other 
food." — Die. de la Acad. Esp. 



210 MEiMOlR OF 

my death-wound in, without partiality, I must 
say, is the best established, but our own, in the 
Christian world that I ever saw ; and I have had 
the honour to live in seven. All Ambassadors 
live in as great splendour as the most ambitious 
can desire, and if they are just and good, with as 
much love as they can deserve. 

In the Palace none serve the King and Queen 
but the chiefest of the nobility and ancientest 
families ; no, not in the meanest offices. , 

The nation is most superstition sly devout in the 
Roman Catholic religion ; true in trust committed 
to them to a miracle, withstanding all temptations 
to the contrary, aud it hath been tried, particu- 
larly about Cadiz and St. Lucar, that for eight or 
ten pieces-of-eight, poor men will undertake steal- 
ing for the merchants their silver aboard when 
their shipping come in, which sometimes by the 
watch for that purpose are taken ; and after their 
examination and refusal to declare whose the silver 
is, or who employed them to steal, they are often- 
times racked, which they will suffer with all the 
patience imaginable ; and notwithstanding th^ir 
officers, as they execute their punishment, mingle 
great promises of reward if they will confess, yet 
it was never known that any ever confessed ; and 



LADY FANSHAWE. 211 

yet these men are not worth ten pounds in the 
world. 

They are civil to all as their qualities require, 
with the highest respect, so that I have seen a 
grandee and a duke stop their horse when an or- 
dinary woman passeth over a kennel, because he 
would not spoil her clothes ; and put off his hat 
to the meanest woman that makes a reverence, 
though it be their footman's wife* They meddle 
with no neighbour's fortune or person, but their 
own families ; and they are punctual in visits, 
men to men, and women to women. They visit 
not together, except their greatest ministers of 
state, so public ministers' wives from princes. If 
tliey have animosities concerning place, they will 
by discretion avoid ever meeting in a third place, 
and yet converse in each other's houses, all the 
days of their lives, with satisfaction on both sides. 
They are generally pleasant and facetious com- 
pany ; but in this their women exceed, who seldom 
laugh, and never loud ; but the most witty in 
repartees, and stories, and notions in the world. 
They sing, but not well, their way being between 
Italian and Spanish; they play on all kinds of 
instruments likewise, and dance with casta/melas 
very well. They work but little, but very well. 



212 MEMOIR OF 

especially in monasteries. They all paint white 
afid red, from the Queen to the cobbler's wife, old 
and young, widows excepted, who never go out of 
close mourning, nor wear gloves, nor show their 
hair after their husband's death, and seldom 
marry. They are the finest-shaped women in the 
world, not tall, their hair and teeth are most 
delicate ; they seldom have many children ; there 
are none love cleanliness in diet, clothes, and 
houses more than they do. They dress up their 
oratories very fine with their own work and flowers. 

They have a seed which they sow in the latter 
end of March, like our sweet basil ; but it grows 
up in their pots, which are often of China, large, 
for their windows, so delicately, that it is all the 
summer as round as a ball and as large as the 
circumference of the pot, of a most pleasant green, 
and very good scent. 

They delight much in the feasts of bulls and 
stage pkys, and take great pleasure to see their 
little children act before them in their own houses, 
which they will do to perfection ; but the children 
of the greatest are kept at great distance from 
conversing with their relations and friends, never 
eating with their parents but at their birth.* Th^y 
* i. e. on their birth-days. 



LADY FANS HAW E. 213 

are carried into an apartment with a priest, who 
says daily the office of their church ; a governess, 
nurse, and under- servants, who have their al- 
lowance according to the custom of great men's 
houses, so many pounds of flesh, fruit, bread, and 
the like, with such a quantity of drink, and so 
much a year in money. Until their daughters 
marry, they never stir so much as down stairs, nor 
marry for any consideration under their own qua- 
lity, which to prevent, if their fortunes will not pro- 
cure husbands, they make them nuns. They are 
very magnificent in houses, furniture, pictures of 
the best, jewels, plate, and clothes ; most noble in 
presents, entertainments, and in their equipage ; 
and when they visit, it is with great state and at- 
tendance. When they travel, they are the most 
jolly persons in the world, dealing their provisions 
of all sorts to every person they meet when they 
are eating. 

One thing I had like to have forgotten to tell 
you. In the palace there never lies but one per- 
son in the King's apartment, who is a nobleman, 
to wait the King's commands ; the rest are lodged 
in apartments at further distance, which makes the 
King's side most pleasant, because it is most airy 
and sweet. The King and Queen eat together 



214 MEMOIR OF 

twice a week in public with their children, the 
rest privately, and asunder. They eat often, with 
flesh to their breakfast, which is generally, to 
persons of quality, a partridge and bacon, or 
capon, or some such thing, ever roasted, much 
chocolate, and sweetmeats, and new-laid eggs, 
drinking water either cold with snow, or lemonade, 
or some such thing. Their women seldom drink 
wine, their maids never ; they all love the feasts 
of bulls, and strive to appear gloriously fine when 
they see them. 

Upon February the 11th, the Emperor's Am- 
bassador's lady visited me. Upon Thursday the 
19th of February, went from us to England, Mr. 
Charles Bertie, Mr. Francis Newport, Sir Andrew 
King, Sir Edmund Turner, Mr. Francis Godol- 
phin, Mr. Wycherley, Mr. Hatton, and Mr. 
Smith, with all their servants. This day likewise 
we received letters of the arrival of Mr. Price from 
Elvas, a gentleman of my husband's, who had 
been sent by him on the 28th of January last past 
to the King of Portugal, upon business of state. 

Upon the 2nd of March, we went to see a 
country house of the Marquesa de Liche, who 
presented me with a dog and bitch, perfect grey- 
hounds, and I could put each of them in my 
pocket. 



LADY FAN SUA WE. 215 

On Thursday the 5th, I returned the visit of 
the Emperor's Ambassador's lady. March the 
Sth, we went to see a house of Don Juan de Con- 
gro, at Cham ar tin. 

On Wednesday the IQth, we went to take the 
air, and dined at Vicalraro. Mr. Price came 
from Lisbon this day to Madrid. 

Upon the 20th of March 1665, stilo novo, upon 
desire of the Duchess de Medina de las Torres, 
who was then sick, and had long kept her bed, I 
visited her Excellency, taking all my children 
with me. After I had been there a little while, 
passing those compliments, her Excellency told 
me that her Catholic Majesty had commanded her 
to assure me that her Majesty had a very high 
esteem for me, not only as I was the wife of a 
great King's Ambassador, for whom her Majesty 
had much respect, but for my person, and the 
delight her Majesty took in my conversation, as- 
suring me from her Majesty that, upon all occa- 
sions, I should find her most cheerfully willing to 
do me all possible kindness in her Court ; and for 
a token thereof, her Majesty had herewith sent 
me a jewel of diamonds, that cost the Queen eight 
thousand five hundred and fifty ducats, plate,* 
which is about two thousand pounds sterling ; 
* See note, p. 196. 



216 MEMOIR OF 

which then her Excellency did deliver to me, 
saying she thought herself much honoured, and 
much contented, that her Majesty had employed 
her in a business in which she took so much 
delight. 

I desired her Excellency to lay me at the feet 
of her Majesty, and to tell her Majesty that I es- 
teemed the honour according as I ought, of whose 
bounty and graces I and mine had abundantly re- 
ceived ever since our coming into this kingdom. 
That the ribbon, wherewith the jewel was tied, 
coming from her Majesty, was a favour of which 
I should have bragged all the days of my life, 
though I could never have deserved it; much 
more did I esteem so rich a jewel her Majesty was 
pleased to send me ; but, above all, her Majesty's 
gracious acceptance of my service, and her Ma- 
jesty's promise of her grace and favour to me, in 
which I desired I might live, giving her Excel- 
lency many thanks for the kindness on her part 
therein, believing that her Excellency had, upon 
all occasions, made my best actions seem double, 
and winked at my imperfections, but that which I 
did certainly knoAV, and desired her Excellency to 
believe, was, that I was her Excellency ""s most 
humble servant. 



LADY FAN SH A WE. 217 

On Tuesday the 24th of March, the Marquesa 
de Liche visited me, who had not made a visit be- 
fore in seven years. On Thursday the 26th, I re- 
turned the visit to her Excellency the Marquesa, 
who entertained me with a very fine banquet, and 
gave to my youngest girl, Betty, a little basket of 
silver plate, very richly wrought. 

On Thursday the 8th of April, being his Ca- 
tholic Majesty's birth-day, I went to give the 
Empress and her Catholic Majesty the parabien* 
thereof, and likewise my thanks to her Majesty 
for the many honours she had done me, and par- 
ticularly for that of the jewel. 

Upon the 5th of April here appeared a new 
blazing star, rising in the east about two o'clock 
in the morning, rising every day a quarter of an 
hour later than the former, so that it appeared to 
our view but about three weeks, because the day- 
light obscured. 

Thursday the 23rd of April, we dined at a plea- 
sure-house of the King's, three leagues from 
Madrid, called the Torre del Prado. Monday, 
26th of April, we went to see a garden-house of 
the Marquis de Liche, which had been the Mar- 
quis of Fuentes'. The house was finely adorned 

* Congratulation. 
L 



218- MEMOIR OF 

with curious pictures painted on tlie wall, with a 
very fine and large garden thereunto belonging, in 
which on many days following we dined. 

On Saturday the 3rd of May we heard, by 
letters from my father, the sad news of the death 
of my good brother-in-law, my Lord Fanshawe ; 
and, at the same time, of his son's being happily 
married to one of the daughters and heirs of Sir 
John Evelyn, of Wiltshire, and widow of Sir John 
Wray, of Lincolnshire. 

May the i^th, we went to see the feast of bulls, 
in a balcony made at the end of a street that look- 
ed in even with the row of houses. On the 
King's right hand, just below the Councils, which 
is over against all other Ambassadors, there sat 
the Pope's Nuncio, and the rest of the Ambas- 
sadors below him ; but we not owning the Pope's 
priority, your father was placed by himself. 

June the 20th, came to this Court by an ex- 
press, the news of the total rout of tlie King of 
Span's army, commanded by the Marquis of 
Caracena, by the Portuguese.* 

Upon the 6th of July, went to the feast of bulls 
again. 

* At Montesclaros, where the Portuguese were commanded 
by the Marquis de Marialva. 



LADY FANSHAWE. 219 

Upon the Tth, anno 1665, came to my husband 
the happy news of our victory against the Dutch, 
fought upon the 13th of June, stilo novo. 

August the 6th, at eleven o'clock in the morn- 
ing, was born my son, Richard Fanshawe, God be 
praised ! and christened at four of the o'clock that 
afternoon by our Chaplain, Mr. Bagshaw : his 
godfathers my cousin Fanshawe, Chief Secretary, 
and Mr. Cooper, Gentleman of the Horse : his 
godmother, Mrs. Kestian, one of my gentlewo- 
men. The same day the Duke of Medina and his 
Duchess sent to give us joy. Upon the 7th the 
Duke came in person to give us joy, with all his 
best jewels on, as the custom of Spain is, to show 
respect. 

Upon Thursday the 10th of August, the Queen 
sent her Majesty''s Mayor-domo, the Marquis of 
Aytona, to visit me from her Majesty, and to give 
me joy. The next day her Majesty's Camarera 
Mayor and the Princess Alva gave me joy, as 
did likewise most of the others of the greatest 
ladies at court. 

^ Oh, ever living God, through Jesus Christ, 
receive the humble thanks of thy servant for thy 
great mercy to us in our son, whom I humbly de- 
L 2 



220 MEMOIR OF 

sire thee, O Jesus, to protect ; and to make him 
an instrument of thy glory. Give him thy Holy 
Spirit, O God, to be with him all the days of 
his life ; direct him through the narrow paths of 
righteousness, in faith, patience, charity, temper- 
ance, chastity, and a love and liking of thy bless- 
ed will, in all the various accidents of this life : 
this with what outward blessings thou, O Hea- 
venly Father, knowest needful for him, I beg of 
thee, not remembering his sins nor the sins of us 
his parents, nor of our forefathers, but thy ten- 
der mercy, which thou hast promised shall be all 
over thy works, and for the blessed merits of our 
only Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ ; to whom 
with thee and the blessed Spirit be all honour and 
glory, as it was in the beginning, is now, and ever 
shall be. Amen." 

On Thursday the 17th of September, died 
Philip the Fourth of Spain, having been sick but 
four days, of a flux and fever. The day before 
his death he made his will, and left the govern- 
ment of the King and kingdom in the hands of 
his Queen, Donna Ana of Austria ; and to assist 
her Majesty, he recommended for her council 
therein, the President of Castile, Conde de Cas- 



LADY FANSHAWE. 221 

tilla, the Cardinal of Toledo, the Inquisitor Ge- 
neral, the Marquis of Aytona, the Vice-Chan- 
cellor of Aragon, and the Conde de Peiiaranda. 
He declared for his successor, Charles the Second, 
who now reigns ; and in case that he should die 
without issue, the Emperor, if he marries the 
Infanta, now called the Empress, to whom he is 
affianced; but if not, the Infanta before himself; 
after the Emperor, the Duke of Savoy ; the Queen 
of France to inherit next to the Infanta, in case 
she be a widow, and all her children successively 
by any other husband ; but neither she can in- 
herit nor any child of France. 

The body of Philip the Fourth lay exposed 
from the 18th of September till Saturday night 
the 19th, in a great room in his palace at Madrid, 
where he died ; in which room they used to act 
plays. The room was hung with fourteen pieces 
of the King's best hangings, and over them rich 
pictures round about, all of one size, placed close 
together. At the upper end of the room was 
raised a throne of three steps, upon which there 
was placed a bedstead, boarded at the bottom, and 
raised at the head : the throne was covered with a 
rich Persia carpet; the bottom of the bedstead 
was of silver, the valance and head-cloth, for there 



222 MEMOIR OF 

were no curtains, were cloth of gold, wrought in 
flowers with crimson silk. Over the bedstead was 
placed a cloth of state, of the same with the 
valance and head-cloth of the bedstead ; upon 
which stood a silver-gilt coffin, raised about a 
foot or more higher at the head than at the feet, 
in which was laid a pillow, and in the coffin lay 
Philip the Fourth, with his head on the pillow, 
upon it a white beaver hat, his head combed, his 
beard trimmed, his face and hands painted. He 
was clothed in a musk colour silk suit, embroidered 
with gold, a goUlla (or ruff) about his neck, cuffs 
on his hands, which were clasped on his breast, 
holding a globe and a cross on it therein ; his cloak 
was of the same, with his sword by his side ; stock- 
ings, garters, and shoe-strings of the same, and a 
pair of white shoes on his feet. In the room were 
erected six altars for the time, upon which stood 
six candlesticks, with six wax candles lighted, 
and in the middle of each altar a crucifix ; the 
forepart of each altar was covered with black 
velvet, embroidered with silver. Before the 
throne a rail went across from one side of the 
room to the other. At the two lower corners of 
the throne, at each side, stood a nobleman, the 
one holding an imperial crown, the other the 



LADY FANSHAWE. 223 

sceptre ; and on each side of the throne six high 
candlesticks with six tapers in them. The doors 
of that room were kept by the Mayor-domo of 
the King and Queen then in waiting, and the out- 
ward by the Italian guard. 

On the Saturday night, he was carried upon a 
bier, hung betwixt two mules, upon which the 
coffin with the King's body was laid, covered with 
a covering of cloth of gold, and at every corner of 
the bier was placed a high crystal lanthorn with 
lighted tapers in it. He was attended by some 
grandees, who rode next after him, and other no- 
blemen in coaches, with betv^een two and three 
hundred on horseback, of whom a great part car- 
ried tapers lighted in their hands : this was the 
company, besides footmen. When the King^s 
body came to the Convent of the Escurial, the 
friars of that convent stood at the gate, and there, 
according to the institution of the place, perform- 
ed the ceremonies as follow. The priors asked 
the grandees, who carried the King on their shoul- 
ders, for none other must touch him, ' Who is in 
that coffin, and what they do there demand .?' 
Upon which the Sumiller de Corps,^ who is the 

* Properly, the Groom of the Stole ; " a cuyo cargo esta la 
asistencia al Rey en su retrete." — Die. de la Acad. 



224 MEMOIR OF 

Duke de Medina de las Torres, answered, ' It is 
the body of Philip the Fourth of Spain, whom we 
here bring for you to lay in his own tomb.' Upon 
which the Duke delivered the Queen's letter, as 
Regent of the kingdom, to testify that it was her 
Majesty's command that the King's body should 
be there buried. Then the Prior read the letter, 
and accompanied the body before the high altar, 
where it was for some time placed, till they had 
performed the usual ceremonies for that time ap- 
propriated. After which the grandees took up 
the corpse again, and carried it down into the 
Pantheon, into which as soon as they were entered, 
the Prior demanded of the Duke the covering of 
the King's body as his fee. 

Then demanded he the keys, upon which the 
Duke delivered him his, as Sumiller de Corps, 
and then the Prior's own sent him by the Queen, 
and the Mayor-domo then in waiting delivered 
him his. The Prior having received these three 
keys, demanded franca'^ of the Duke and Mayor- 
domo, that in that coffin was the body of Philip 
the Fourth ; and when they had done, they there 
left the body with the Prior, who after the body's 
lying some time in the place where the infants are 
buried, placed it in his own tomb. 

* i. e. puertafranca ; admittance. 



LADY FANSHAWE. 225 

My husband with all his family and coaches 
were put into mourning for Philip the Fourth of 
Spain. 

October the 4th following, I waited upon the 
Queen to give her Majesty pesawze* of the King's 
death, who received me with great grace and fa- 
vour, as likewise did the King and the Empress, 
who were both present. 

On the 8th of October my husband and I, with 
all our family and son, being the first time he 
went out of doors, went to the Pla^a Mayor, to 
hear and see King Charles the Second proclaimed 
by the Duke de Medina de las Torres, who was 
very richly apparelled in a silk suit embroidered 
with silver and gold, set with diamond buttons : 
he was accompanied by most of the nobles in the 
town on horseback, as he himself was. In his 
right hand he carried the King's royal standard, 
and by his left side rode the Mayor of the town. 
The Heralds that rode before went first upon the 
scaffold, which was there made for that purpose 
before the King's balcony, where he was wont to 
see the juego de toros. The scaffold was covered 
with carpets. On each side of the Duke stood the 
Heralds, and on his left hand stood the Mayor, 

* Compliments of condolence. 
L 5 



226 MEMOIR OF 

and by the Heralds two Notaries. The King was 
proclaimed in five places ; at the Court above 
named, at the Descal^as Reales, at the Town 
House, at the Gate of Guadajara, and at the 
Palace. ' 

November the 9th, I went to give the Queen 
the parahien of the King'*s birth-day, who, the 
Gth of this month, completed four years of age. 
Her Majesty received me with great grace and 
favour, causing the King to come in and receive 
of me the parahien of his anos likewise. 

The 14th of this month I went to wait on the 
Camarera Mayor and the Marquis de los Velez, 
the King's Aya,* from both of whom I received 
great kindnesses. 

December the 17th, 1665, my husband, upon 
the part of our King his master, and the Duke 
de Medina de las Torres, on the part of his Ca- 
tholic Majesty, did conclude and signed together 
the peace between England and Spain, and the 
articles for the adjustment between Spain and Por- 
tugal, which articles were cavilled at by the Lord 
Chancellor Clarendon and his party, that they 
might have an opportunity to send the Earl of 
Sandwich out of the way from the Parliament, 
* Governor or tutor. " 



LADY FANSHAWE. 227 

which then sat, and who, as he and his friends 
feared, would be severely punished for his cow- 
ardice in the Dutch fight. He neither understood 
the customs of the Court, nor the language, nor 
indeed any thing but a vicious life ; and thus was 
he shuffled into your father^s employment to reap 
the benefit of his five years' negociation of the 
peace between England, Spain, and Portugal: 
and after above thirty years studying state affairs, 
and many of them in the Spanish Court : so much 
are Ambassadors slaves to the public ministers at 
home, who often, through envy or ignorance, ruin 
them ! 

December the 23rd, I went to give the Queen 
the parahien of her mios, whereof she had com- 
pleted thirty-one. I likewise gave joy to the Em- 
press and the King, who v^ere both then present. 

The 6th of January, 1666, twelfth- day, stilo 
novo, my husband sent Mr. John Price, one of his 
secretaries, to Lisbon, to advertise that King, by 
the Conde de Castel Melhor, of his intended jour- 
ney the week following. 

On the 14th of this present January, the Duke 
of Medina de las Torres wrote a letter to my hus- 
band, by the command of her Catholic Majesty, 
which said, that for the great kindness and pains 



228 MEMOIR OF 

he had and did take for the accommodating a 
peace between England and Spain, and procuring 
a truce for thirty years between the crowns of 
Spain and Portugal, that, on the day of the rati- 
fication thereof, her Majesty did give him* an 
hundred thousand pieces-of-eight, and likewise for 
a further expression of her Majest3^*'s kindness, to 
me fifty thousand pieces-of-eight. 

The 16th of January, 1666, being twelfth-day, 
English account, my husband began his journey 
from Madrid to Portugal. The day before he 
went, her Catholic Majesty sent the Marquis Ay- 
tona to offer a set of her Majesty's machos to 
carry his litter, and another set for his coach, but 
my husband refused both, with many humble 
thanks to her Majesty for so great grace and ho- 
nour done him, which he refused upon no other 
score but the consideration of the length of the 
journey, and the badness of the way, which the 

* These gratifications were never paid, because my Lord 
Sandwich was sent to receive what advantage he could make. 
But the body of the peace being concluded before by my hus- 
band, he received very small advantage thereby ; but liad my 
husband lived, he would, through their justice and kindness to 
him, for his great wisdom and indefatigable pains in procuring 
a triple peace between the three crowns of England, Spain, 
and Portugal, have received a sum. 



LADY FANSHAWE. 229 

time of the year caused, which would expose the 
beasts to that hazard, as he could not satisfy him- 
self to put them in ; and although my husband 
was next day pressed again to receive this favour, 
yet he refused it with much respect to her Majes- 
ty, for the forenamed reasons. Likewise the 
Duke de Medina de las Torres sent two sets of 
very brave machos to convey my husband to Por- 
tugal, which he refused with many thanks to his 
Excellency, upon the same account he had done 
those formerly to her Majesty. My husband car- 
ried none of his own horses or mules, but hired all 
he used for himself or his retinue. He went in his 
own litter, and carried one of his own coaches with 
him, and five sumpters, covered with his own sump- 
ter cloths. His retinue were: — Mr. Fanshawe, 
Chief Secretary ; Mr. Price, gone before to Lisbon ; 
Mr. Cooper, Gentleman of the Horse ; Mr. Bag- 
shawe. Chaplain; Mr. Ashburnham, Mr. Parry, 
Mr. Creighton, Mr. Eyres, Steward ; Mr. Weeden, 
Mr. Jemmet, Mr. Bum stead, Pages ; Mr. Hellow, 
Butler ; William, a Cook ; Francis, a Groom ; 
Frances, a Laundress, and four Spanish footmen. 
To every five mules went a moco^ and a sobres- 
tante over all. Her Majesty sent an alguazil of 
the court with my husband through Spain, to 



230 MEMOIR OF 

provide him lodgings, and to assist him in all 
other occasions belonging to his journey. I ac- 
companied my husband a league out of town in 
our coach of state ; then he entered his litter, and 
so began his journey. 

Within an hour after I was returned to my 
house, the Duke and Duchess de Medina de las 
Torres sent each of them a gentleman with very 
kind messages to me on the part of their Excel- 
lencies. 

The 17th, came the Master of the Ceremonies 
to see me, and offered the services of this Court, 
with high compliments and much kindness ; the 
18th, came the Duke of Aveyro to see me, and 
afterwards the Marquis of Trucifal ; the 19th, 
came to see me the Baron of LTsola's lady ; the 
20th of January, I received a letter from my hus- 
band at Toledo ; the 26th, the Marquis de Liche 
came to visit me ; the 28th, the Duchess de Aveyro 
sent a gentleman to me, to excuse her not coming 
to see me, by reason of her being with child, and 
not having stirred out of her chamber from the 
time she had conceived with child ; the 29th 
I received a letter from my husband, from 
Frexenal. 

The 2nd of February, the Duke de Medina de 



LADY FANSHAWE. 231 

las Torres sent to me Don Nicolas Navas, with 
letters from her Catholic Majesty herself to my 
husband, and putting up the packet here before 
me, inclosed my letters therein, I giving a cover, 
and sealing it with my seal, and a passport to the 
post that carried it, to come and go : all which 
was required of me by his Excellency, who was 
pleased to continue this for me every post that he 
sent during my husband's stay in Portugal. 

The 12th of February, the Duchess of Albu- 
querque sent a gentleman to excuse her not visit- 
ing me, her Excellency being sick of a fever. 
This night likewise the Duke sent a second post 
to my husband as before. The 1 3th, Father Pa- 
tricio came to visit me, from the Duke ; the 17th 
died the Queen-mother of Portugal ; the 20th, the 
Duke despatched a third post to my husband. 
The 23rd, the Duke and his Duchess came to visit 
me in very great state, having six coaches and 
two sedans to wait on them, and above a hundred 
gentlemen and attendants. The 2Tth, one of the 
three posts returned from my husband ; another 
on the 2nd of March ; the third on the 10th. 

On the 8th of March, 1666, stilo novo, my hus- 
band returned from Lisbon to this Court, with all 
his family in very good health, God be praised ! 



232 MEMOIR OF 

I went with my children two leagues out of town, 
to Ricon, to meet him. He brought in his com- 
pany Sir Robert Southwell, an enviado from our 
King to Portugal and Spain, if need so required. 
My husband entertained him at his house three 
weeks and odd days. 

Upon the 26th of March, came a letter from 
Corufia, advertising this Court of the Earl of 
Sandwich's arrival, as Extraordinary Ambassador 
from our King to his Catholic Majesty. 

Sunday the 12th of April, I took my leave of 
the Queen of Spain, and Empress, and the King, 
and the next day of the Camarera Mayor, and of 
the King's Aya. 

The 13th of April, returned from hence a gen- 
tleman named Mr. Weeden, who came hither on 
the 6th of the same month, bringing letters to this 
Court and my husband from his Lord, the Earl 
of Sandwich, and likewise a list of the Extraor- 
dinary Ambassador's family, which was as fol- 
lows : — 

Mr. Sidney Montague, his son ; Sir Charles 
Herbert, Mr. Steward, Mr. Godolphin, Secretary 
to the Embassy ; Mr. Worden, Mr. Bedles, Mr. 
Cotterrel, Mr. Bridges, Mr. Clarke, Mr. Melham, 
Mr. Stuard, Mr. Linch, Mr. Boddie, Interpreter ; 



LADY FANSHAWE. 233 

Mr. Parker, Mr. Shere, Mr. Moore, Chaplain ;. 
The Steward; Captain Ferrer, Gentleman of the 
Horse ; Mr. William Ferrer, Mr. Gateley, Cler- 
gyman; Mr. Gibbs, Mr. Boreman, Clerk of the 
Kitchen ; Mr. Lond, Mr. Veleam, Mr. Mallard ; 
Mr. Richard Jarald, Mr. Joseph Chaumond, Under 
Secretaries; Francis Paston, Confectioner; Henry 
Pyman, Butler ; Gentleman, Mr. Cooke ; Bal- 
foure and Attenchip, two Cooks ; Allion Thomp- 
son, Trumpeter ; William Killegrew, Thomas 
Rice, William Rich, Francis Warrington, James 
Ashton, Mr. Place, John Beverley, Briggs, 
Richard Cooper, Mr. Kerke, Mr. Churchill, Mr. 
Jeffereys, Mr. Crown, Pages, ten ; Mr. Nicholas 
Neto, Mr. Righton, Edward Hooton, Richard 
Russel, Andrew Daniel ; Peacock, Dennis, Foot- 
men; Thomas Gibson, Thomas Williams, Josias 
Brown, Caspar, el negro ; Nathaniel Bennet ; 
the Nurse, her Husband, two Maids, Nicholas 
Bennet, Henry Mitchell, and John Goods. 

On the 14th I took my leave of the Duchess de 
Medina de las Torres, the Marquesa de Truci- 
fal, and the Condessa de Torres Vedras. On the 
15th, I took my leave of the Duchess de Aveiro, 
who gave my daughter Katharine a jewel of 
twenty-seven emeralds ; and to my daughtei' Mar- 



234 MEMOIR OF 

garet a crystal box set in gold, and a large silver 
box of amber pastilles to burn ; and to my daugh- 
ter Ann a crystal bottle, with a gold neck, full of 
amber water, and a silver box of filagree ; and to 
my daughter Betty a little trunk of silver wire, 
made in the Indies. This day I likewise visited 
the Marquesa de Liche, and daughter-in-law of 
the Almirante of Castilla, the Baron de L'lsola^s 
lady, and Don Diego Tinoco's lady, who all had 
visited me. 

On the 16th. I took my leave of the Duchess of 
Albuquerque, and her Excellency Donna Maria 
de la Cueva. The Duchess showed me a large 
room full of gilt and silver plate, which they said 
cost a hundred, thousand pistoles, though to my 
eye it did not seem of half the worth. It was 
made for the Duke'^s journey into Germany, being 
the principal person entrusted to dispose of her 
Imperial Majesty ""s family and money for a voy- 
age to that Court; and afterwards he and his lady 
are to return to Sicily, and there to remain Vice- 
roy. The same day I took my leave of the 
German Ambassador's lady. Easter-day being the 
25th of April, 1666, the Infanta Donna Maria 
was married to the Emperor by proxy, viz. the 
Duke de Medina de las Torres. 



LADY FANSHAWE. 235 



THE CEREMONY. 



First went a great high coach of the Duke's, 
drawn by four black Flanders' mares ; in it were 
the Duchess's two sons, with other persons of 
quality. In Madrid none can go with six horses 
but the King or Queen, as I said before. Then 
went the Duke's coach, a most exceeding rich one, 
drawn by four grey Flanders' mares, in the upper 
end whereof the Duke himself sat, with the German 
Ambassador on his right hand, the Duke of Alva 
on his left, in the other end the Conde de Pena- 
randa, between the Duke of Pastrana and his son. 
After this coach followed immediately the Duke 
of Medina's Gentleman of the Horse, upon a very 
fine white one. Then went a very rich new coach, 
empty, of the German Ambassador's, made on 
purpose for the day, drawn by four horses. 
Then followed another of the Duke's coaches 
with some of his gentlemen in it ; then the Ger- 
man Ambassador's second coach, with some of his 
gentlemen in it. Then one of the Duke's coaches, 
in which was the Baron de Lesley, Envoy Extra- 
ordinary from the Emperor, and one person with 
htm ; then another of the Duke's coaches with 



236 MEMOIR OF 

more of his gentlemen. Then another of the Ger- 
man Ambassador's coaches with more of his family 
in it. The Duke'^s pages walked by his coach, 
and had gold chains across their shoulders. The 
Baron de Lesley's went in some of the before- 
named coaches. 

On Monday the 26th, Don John of Austria 
came to Court to give the Empress joy, but the 
ceremony performed, returned immediately, the 
same day, to a retiring place his Highness had at 
Ocana, near Aranjuez, which famous seat of royal 
recreation, for a farewell, the Empress lay at 
night at, being in her way to Denia, where she was 
to embark. Don John, from Ocana accompanied 
her Imperial Majesty two or three days' journey. 

On Tuesday the 27th, my husband, (invited 
there by the Master of the Ceremonies, and then 
to come in short mourning, with something of 
jewels,) gave to the Empress joy in his master's 
name, also to the Queen jointly sent ; and then 
giving her daughter the hand. Sir Robert South- 
well was admitted to accompany him in like man- 
ner, and perform the same function. 

On Wednesday the gs^h of April, her Imperial 
Majesty went from the palace to the Descal^as 
Reales, and from thence to the Atoche, from 



LADY FANSHAWE. 237 

whence she began her journey for Vienna. Her 
passing through the town was in this manner. 

First passed several persons of quality in their 
coaches, intermixed with others. Then the two 
Lieutenants of her Catholic Majesty's guards, on 
horseback ; then the two Captains of the said 
guards, the Marquis de Salina, and the Marquis 
de Malpica, on horseback. Then a coach of re- 
spect, lined with cloth of gold, mixed with green. 
Then a litter of respect lined with the same stuff; 
then four trumpeters on horseback ; then the 
Duke of Albuquerque, in a plain coach ; then 
twenty-four men upon horses and mules, with 
portmanteaus before them ; then two trumpeters 
more ; then the Empress and her Camarera 
Mayor (Condessa de Benavente,) in a plain large 
coach ; then eight men without cloaks on horse- 
back, who I presume were pages to her Catholic 
Majesty ; then the Empress's nurse, and four or 
five pretty children of her's in a coach ; then four 
young ladies with caps and white feathers with 
black specks in them, in another coach ; then 
duenas or ancient ladies ; then more young ladies 
with caps and black hats, pinned up with rich 
jewels ; then another coach with young ladies ; 
then followed many other coaches irregularly. 



238 MEMOIR OF 

The Duke de Medina de las Torres, as also 
the German Ambassador, and many of the nobi- 
lity of Spain, went out of town, and stayed about 
a league off for the Empress's coming that way. 
All the meaner sort of her Imperial Majesty's 
train, and her carriages, as also the Duke of Al- 
buquerque's, went before. 

On Monday the 26th, I wrote to the Camarera 
Mayor and the Empress's Ay a, giving both their 
Majesties joy of this marriage. 

May the 5th, we dined at Salvatierra, two 
leagues from Madrid, and returned again at night. 

On Friday the ssth of May, 1666, came to Ma- 
drid the Earl of Sandwich, Ambassador Extraor- 
dinary from our King to the Queen Regent of this 
kingdom. My husband went with all his train 
two leagues to welcome and conduct him to this 
Court. This day twenty-two years we were mar- 
ried. 

The 29th, my Lord of Sandwich dehvered my 
husband the King's letters of revocation, and 
therewith a private letter of great grace and fa- 
vour. This afternoon my Lord Sandwich, with 
most part of his train, came to visit me. 

June the 9th, stilo novo, being the King'^s birth- 
day, my husband made an entertainment for my 



, LADY FANSHAWE. 239 

Lord of Sandwich, with all his retinue and the 
rest of the English at Madrid. 

The next [Sun-] day, being Whit-Sunday,* my 
husband went with the Earl of Sandwich to a pri- 
vate audience, where my husband introduced him 
to the King of Spain. Monday the 14th, my hus- 
band went with the Earl of Sandwich to the Duke 
de Medina de las Torres. 

On the 25th, being Tuesday,f my husband was 
taken ill with an ague, but turned to a malignant 
inward fever, of which he lay until the 26th of the 
same month, being Sunday,j until eleven of the 
clock at night, and then departed this life, fifteen 
days before his intended journey to England. 

' O all powerful good God, look down from 
Heaven upon the most distressed wretch upon 
earth. See me with my soul divided, my glory 
and my guide taken from me, and in him all my 
comfort in this life ; see me staggering in my path, 
which made me expect a temporal blessing for a 
reward of the great integrity, innocence, and up- 
rightness of his whole life, and his patience in suf- 

* This was the last time my husband received the com- 
rauiiion. 

t Query, ^th June. X Query, Saturday, gth June. 



240 MEMOIR OF 

fering the insolency of wicked men, whom he had 
to converse with upon the public employment, 
which thou thoughtest fit, in thy wisdom, to exer- 
cise him in. Have pity on me, O Lord, and 
speak peace to my disquieted soul, now sinking 
under this great weight, which, without thy sup- 
port, cannot sustain itself. See me, O Lord, with 
five children, a distressed family, the temptation 
of the change of my religion, the want of all my 
friends, without counsel, out of my country, with- 
out any means to return with my sad family to 
our own country, now in war with most part of 
Christendom. But, above all, my sins, O Lord, I 
do lament with shame and confusion, believing it 
is for them that I receive this great punishment. 
Thou hast showed me many judgments and mer- 
cies which did not reclaim me, nor turn me to 
thy holy conversation, which the example of our 
blessed Saviour taught. Lord, pardon me; O 
God, forgive whatsoever is amiss in me ; break 
not a bruised reed. I humbly submit to thy jus- 
tice ; I confess my wretchedness, and know I have 
deserved not only this but everlasting punish- 
ment ; but, O my God, look upon me through the 
merits of my Saviour, and for his sake save me : 
do with me and for me what thou pleasest, for I 



LADY FAN SHAW E. 241 

do wholly rely on thy mercy, beseeching thee to 
remember thy promises to the fatherless and 
widow, and enable me to fidfil thy will cheerfully 
in this world ; humbly beseeching thee that, when 
this mortal life is ended, I may be joined with the 
soul of my dear husband, and all thy servants de- 
parted this life in thy faith and fear, in everlast- 
ing praises of thy Holy Name. Amen.*' 

The next day my husband was embalmed. The 
following day I began to receive messages from 
the Queen and the Court of Spain. 

July the 4th, stilo novo, 1666, my husband was 
buried by his own Chaplain, with the ceremony of 
the Church of England, and a sermon preached 
by him. In the evening I sent the body of my 
dear husband to Bilbao, intending suddenly to 
follow him : he went out of town privately, being 
accompanied only by a part of his own retinue. 
His body arrived safe at Bilbao on the 14th of 
July 1666, and was laid in the King^s house. 
Mr. Cooper, Gentleman of his Horse ; Mr. Jemett, 
who waited on him in his bed-chamber ; Mr. 
Rookes, Mr. Weeden, Mr. Carew, Richard Batha, 
and Francis. 

The 5th of July 1666, stilo novo, the Queen- 

M 



242 MEMOIR OF 

Mother sent the Master of the Ceremonies of 
Spain to invite me to stay with all my children in 
her Court, promising me a pension of thirty thou- 
sand ducats a year, and to provide for my chil- 
dren, if I and they would turn our religion and 
become Roman Catholics. I answered, I humbly 
thanked her INTajesty for her great grace and 
favour, which I would ever esteem and pay with 
my services, as far as I was able, all the days of 
my life ; for the latter I desired her Majesty to 
believe that I could not quit the faith in which I 
had been born and bred, and in which God had 
pleased to try me for many years in the greatest 
troubles our nation hath ever seen ; and that I do 
believe and hope that in the profession of my own 
religion God would hear my prayers, and reward 
her Majesty, and all the princes of that royal 
family, for this so great favour which her Majesty 
was pleased to offer m.e in my greatest affliction. 

The 6th and 7th days of this month I was 
visited by the German Ambassador's lady, and 
several other ladies ; also by the Ambassador and 
the Duke de Medina de las Torres, de Aveiro, 
Marquis de Trucifal, Conde de Monterey, with 
several others of that Court. 

The Queen sent me, for a present, two thousand 



LADY FANSHAWE. 243 

pistoles, which her Majesty sent me word was to 
buy my husband a jewel if he had lived. The 
week following I gave the Secretary of State a 
gold watch and chain, worth thirty pounds. I 
gave the Master of the Ceremonies, at my coming 
away, a clock, which cost me forty pounds. I 
sold all my coaches and horses, and lumber of the 
house, to the Earl of Sandwich, for one thousand 
three hundred and eighty pistoles. I likewise 
sold there one thousand pounds' worth of plate to 
several persons, all the money I could make being 
little enough for my most sad journey to Eng- 
land. 

The 8th of July 1666, at night, I took my 
leave of Madrid, and of the Siete Chimineas, the 
house so beloved of my husband and me formerly. 
I carried with me all my jewels, and the best of 
my plate, and other precious rarities, all the rest 
being gone before to Bilbao, with part of my fa- 
mily. All the women went in litters, and the men 
on horseback. Myself, my son, and four daugh- 
ters, one gentlewoman, one chamber-maid, Mr. 
Fanshawe, my husband''s Secretary ; Mr. Price, 
the Chaplain ; Mr. Bagshawe, Mr. Creyton, Mr. 
White, Mr. Hello we, John Burton, William, the 
Cook ; besides other Spanish attendants. 
M 2 



244 MEMOIR OF 

]\fy Lord Sandwich came in the afternoon to 
accompany me out of town, which offer, though 
earnestly pressed by my Lord, as well as by other 
persons of quality, I refused, desiring to go out 
of that place as privately as I could possibly ; and 
I may truly say, never any Ambassador's family 
came into Spain more gloriously, or went out 
so sad. 

July the 21st, after a tedious journey, we ar- 
rived at Bilbao, to which place my dear husband's 
body came the 14th of this month, and was lodged 
in the King's house, with some of his servants to 
attend him ; but I hired a house in the town 
during my stay there, in which I received several 
letters from Madrid, from England, and from 
Paris. The Queen-Mother was graciously pleased 
to procure me passes from the King of France, 
which I received the 21st of September, stilo novo, 
accompanied by a letter from my Lady Guilford, 
and several others of her Majesty's Court ; like- 
wise I did receive a pass from the Duke of Beau- 
fort, then at Lixa. 

October the 1st, I sent answers of letters to 
England, to my Lord Arlington, my brother War- 
wick, my father, and to several other persons. 



LADY FANSHAWK. 245 

Here I heard the sad news of the burning of 
London. 

December the Srd, being Sunday, I began my 
journey from Bilbao, with the body of my dear 
husband, all my children, and all my family but 
three, whom I left to come with my goods by sea. 
The 7th of October, we came to Bayonne, in 
France, having had a dangerous passage between 
Spain and France. October the 9th, we began 
our journey from Bayonne towards Paris, where 
we arrived the 30th of October, being Saturday. 

November the 2nd, the Queen-Mother sent my 
Lady Guilford to condole my loss, and welcome 
me to Paris: many of her Majesty's family, of 
their own accord, did the same. 

On the 26tli, her Majesty sent Mr. Church, in 
one of her coaches, to convey me to Chaillot, a 
nunnery, where the Queen then was, who received 
me with great grace and favour, and promised me 
much kindness, when her Majesty returned to 
England. Her Majesty sent by me letters to the 
King, Queen, Duke and Duchess of York, with a 
box of writings for her Majesty's Secretary, Sir 
John Winter. 

November the 11th, we began our journey 
towards Calais; and upon the 11th of November, 



246 MEMOIR OF 

old style, we embarked at Calais in a little French 
man-of-war, which carried me to the Tower 
Wharf, where I landed the next day, at night, 
being Monday, at twelve of the clock. I made a 
little stay with my children at my father's house, 
on Tower-hill. The next day, being the 13th, we 
all went to my own house m Lincoln's-inn Fields, 
on the north side, where the widow Countess of 
Middlesex had lived before ; and the same day, 
likewise, was brought the body of my dear hus- 
band. 

On Saturday following, being the 16th of No- 
vember 1666, I sent the body of my dear hus- 
band to be laid in my father"'s vault in Allhallows 
Church, in Hertford : none accompanied the 
hearse but seven of his own gentlemen, who had 
taken care of his body all the way from Madrid to 
London ; being Mr. Fanshawe, Mr. Bagshawe, 
Mr. Cooper, Mr. Freyer, Mr. Creyton, Mr. Tar- 
ret, and Mr. Rooks. 

On the 18th, my Lord Arlington visited me, 
proffering me his friendship, to be shown in the 
procuring of arrears of my husband's pay, which 
was two thousand pounds, and to reimburse me 
live thousand eight hundred and fifteen pounds 
iTiy husband had laid out in his Majesty's service. 



LADY FANSHAWE. 247 

Likewise I was visited to welcome me into Eng- 
land, and to condole my loss, by very many of 
the nobility and gentry, and also by all my rela- 
tions in these parts. 

November the SSrd^ I waited on the King, and 
delivered to his Majesty my whole accounts. 
He was pleased to receive me very graciously, 
and promised me they should be paid, and like- 
wise that his Majesty would take care of me and 
mine. Then I delivered his Majesty the letters I 
brought from the Queen-Mother ; then I did my 
duty to the Queen, who with great sense condoled 
my loss, after which I delivered the Queen-Mo- 
ther's letter sent to her Majesty by me. After 
staying two hours longer in her Majesty's bed- 
chamber, I waited on his Royal Highness, who 
having condoled me on the loss of my dear hus- 
band, promised me a ship to send for my goods 
and servants to Bilbao ; then I waited on the 
Duchess, v^ho with great grace and favour received 
me, and having been with her Highness about an 
hour, and delivered a letter from the Queen-Mo- 
ther, I took my leave. I presented the King, 
Queen, Duke of York, and Duke of Cambridge, 
with two dozen of amber skins, and six dozen of 
gloves. I likewise presented my Lord Arlington 



248 MEMOIR OF 

with amber skins, gloves, and chocolate, and a 
great picture, a copy of Titian's, to the value of 
one hundred pounds ; and I made presents to Sir 
WilHam Coventry, and several other persons then 
in office. 

In February, the Duke ordered me the Victory 
frigate, to bring the remainder of my goods and 
people from Bilbao, in Spain, which safely arrived 
in the latter end of March 1667. I spent my 
time much in soliciting and petitioning my Lord 
Treasurer Southampton, for the present dispatch 
of my accounts, which did pass the Secretary, 
then Lord Arlington, and within two months I 
got a privy seal for my money, without either fee 
or present, which I could never fasten on my 
Lord. Now I thought myself happy, and feared 
nothing less than further trouble. God, that 
only knows what is to come, so disposed my for- 
tune, that losing that good man and friend. Lord 
Southampton, my money, which v^^as five thousand 
six hundred pounds, was not paid me until De- 
cember 1669, notwithstanding I had tallies for 
the money above two years before. This was 
above two thousand pounds loss to me. Besides, 
these commissioners, by the instigation of one of 
their fellow-commissioners, my Lord Shaftesbury, 



LADY FANSHAWE. 249 

the worst of men, persuaded them that I might 
pay for the Embassy plate, which I did, two 
thousand pounds ; and so maliciously did he op- 
press me, as if he hoped in me to destroy that 
whole stock of honesty and innocence which he 
mortally hates. In this great distress I had no 
remedy but patience: how far that was from a 
reward, judge ye, for near thirty years'* suffering 
by land and sea, and the hazard of our lives over 
and over, with the many services of your father, 
and the expense of all the monies we could pro- 
cure, and seven years'" imprisonment, with the 
death and beggary of many eminent persons of 
our family, who when they first entered the King's 
service, had great and clear estates. Add to this 
the careful management of the King's honour in 
the Spanish Court, after my husband's death, 
which I thought myself bound to maintain, al- 
though I had not, God is my witness, above twenty- 
five doubloons by me at my husband's death, to 
bring home a family of three score servants, but 
was forced to sell one thousand pounds' worth of 
our own plate, and to spend the Queen's present of 
two thousand doubloons in my journey to Eng- 
land, not owing nor leaving one shilling debt in 
Spain, I thank God, nor did my husband leave 
M 5 



250 MEMOIR OF 

any debt at home, which every Ambassador cannot 
say. Neither did these circumstances following 
prevail to mend my condition, much less found I 
that compassion I expected upon the view of my- 
self, that had lost at once my husband, and for- 
tune in him, with my son but twelve months old 
in my arms, four daughters, the eldest but thir- 
teen years of age, with the body of my dear hus- 
band daily in my sight for near six months to- 
gether, and a distressed family, all to be by me in 
honour and honesty provided for, and to add to 
my afflictions, neither persons sent to conduct me, 
nor pass, nor ship, nor money to carry me one 
thousand miles, but some few letters of compli- 
ment from the chief ministers, bidding, 'God help 
me !' as they do to beggars, and they might have 
added, ' they had nothing fo-r me,' with great 
truth. But God did hear, and see, and help me, 
and brought my soul out of trouble ; and by his 
blessed providence, I and you live, move, and have 
our being, and I humbly pray God that that 
blessed providence may ever supply our wa-nts. 
Amen. 

Seeing what I had to trust to, I began to shape 
my life as well as I could to my fortune, in order 



LADY FANSHAWE. 251 

whereunto I dismissed all my family but some few 
persons. At my arrival I gave them all mourn- 
ing, and five pounds apiece, and put most of them 
into a good way of living, I thank God. 

In 1667, I took a house in Holborn-row, Lin- 
coln's-inn Fields, for twenty-one years, of Mr. 
Cole. This year I christened a daughter of Lord 
Fanshawe's. Here, in this year, I only spent my 
time in lament and dear remembrances of my past 
happiness and fortune ; and though I had great 
graces and favours from the King and Queen, 
and whole Court, yet I found at the present no 
remedy. I often reflected how many miscarriages 
and errors the fall from that happy estate I had 
been in would throw me ; and as it is hard for the 
rider to quit his horse in a full career, so I found 
myself at a loss, that hindered my settling myself 
in a narrow compass suddenl}^, though my narrow 
fortune required it ; but I resolved to hold me 
fast by God, until I could digest, in some measure, 
my afflictions. Sometimes I thought to quit the 
world as a sacrifice to your father's memory, and 
to shut myself up in a house for ever from all 
people ; but upon the consideration of my chil- 
dren, who were all young and unprovided for, 



252 MEMOIR OF 

being wholly left to my care and disposal, I re- 
solved to suffer, as long as it pleased God, the 
storms and flows of fortune. 

As soon as I got my tallies placed again by the 
Commissioners, I sold them for five hundred 
pounds less than my assignments to Alderman 
Buckwell, who gave me ready money, and 1 put 
it out upon a mortgage of Sir Richard AylofF's 
estate, in Essex, at Braxted. 

In 1668, I hired a house and ground, of sixty 
pounds a year, at Hartingfordbury, in Hertford- 
shire, to be near my father, being but two miles 
from Balls, both because I would have my father's 
company, and because the air Avas very good for 
my children ; but when God took my father, I let 
my time in it, and never saw it more. 

About this time. Sir Philip Warwick retired 
himself from public business, to his house at Frog- 
pool, in Kent ; his son and daughter-in-law lived 
with him some time, until this year, 1669, they 
went into France. She was the daughter and 
coheir of the Lord Freschville. 

In my brother Warwick''s house, in London, in 
1666, died my sister Bedell, and was carried down 
into Huntingdonshire, to Hamerton, and vt^as 



LADY FANSHAWE. 253 

there buried by her husband in the chancel. She 
was a most worthy woman, and eminently good, 
wise, and handsome ; she never much enjoyed her- 
self since the death of her eldest daughter, who 
married Sir Francis Compton, and, in her right, 
he had Hamerton, in Huntingdonshire. She died 
five years before my sister, a most dutiful daugh- 
ter, and a very fine-bred lady, and excellent com- 
pany, and very virtuous. 

About this time died my brother Lord Fan- 
shawe's widow. She was a very good wife and 
tender mother, but else nothing extraordinary. 
She was buried in the vault of her husband's fa- 
mily in Ware church. Within a year after this, 
his son. Lord Fanshawe, sold Ware Park for 
26,000/. to Sir Thomas Byde, a brewer, of London. 

Thus, in the fourth generation, the chief of our 
family, since they came into the south, for their 
suiFerings for the Crown, sold the flower of their 
estates, and near 2000/. a year more. There re- 
mains but the Remembrancer's place of the Ex- 
chequer office : and very pathetical is the motto 
of our arms for us — ' The victory is in the Cross.'* 

I had, about this time, some trouble with keep- 

* " In Cruce Victoria." Another motto of the Fanshawe 
family was, " Dux vitae ratio." Of these mottoes a Corre- 



254 MEMOIR OF 

ing the lordships of Tring and Hitching, which 
your father held of the Queen-lNIother ; but I not 
being able to make a considerable advantage of 
them, gave them up again : and then I sold a 
lease of the Manor of Burstalgarth, which was 
granted for thirty-one years to your father from 
the King. Dean Hicks bought it, it being con- 
venient for him, lying upon H umber. There was 
a widow, one Mrs. Hiliard, hired this manor, and 
had so done long. She was very earnest to buy 
it at a very under rate. When she saw it sold, 
she, as was suspected, fired the house, which was 
burnt down to the ground within two months after 
I had sold it. 

In this year m}^ brother Harrison married the 
eldest daughter of the Lord Viscount Grandison. 
I let in this year a lease of eleven years of Fanton 

spondent in the Gentleman's Magazine for July 1796, tells the 
following story. " When Sir Richard was ambassador, and 
was travelling in Spain, in an English carriage, with his arms 
upon it, surrounded by the two mottoes belonging to them — 
Dux vitce Ratio— In Crucc Victoria ; a crowd of peasants gath- 
ering round the unusual sight of so mauy foreigners, in a town 
where they stopped for refreshment, were very anxious with a 
priest, who happened to be amongst them, for an explanation 
of the Latin, which being beyond his skill, he informed them 
that the coach belonged to the Duke of Vitae Ratio, who had 
done great things for the Cross." 



LADY FA.NSHAWE. 255 

Hall, in Essex, to Jonathan Wier, which I held 
of the Bishoprick of London : this lease was 
bought the first year the King came home, of 
Doctor Sheldon, then Bishop of London, who was 
exceeding kind to us, and sold it for half the 
worth, which I will ever acknowledge with thank- 
fulness. 

My dear father departed this life, upon the 
28th of September, 1670, being above eighty years 
of age, in perfect understanding, God be praised ! 
He left five hundred pounds to every one of my 
four daughters ; and gave me three thousand 
pounds for a part of the manor of Scallshow, near 
Lynn, in Norfolk, but the year before he died, to 
make my sister Harrison a jointure. The 11th I 
christened the eldest daughter of my brother 
Harrison, with Lord Grandison, and Sir Edmund 
Turner. 

The death of my father made so great an im- 
pression on me, that with the grief, I w^as sick half 
a year almost to death ; but through God's mercy, 
and the care of Doctor Jasper Needham, a most 
worthy and learned physician, I recovered ; and 
as soon as I was able to think of business, I bought 
ground in St. Mary'^s Chapel, in Ware Church, of 
the Bishop of London, and there made a vault for 



256 MEMOIR OF LADY FANSHAWK. 

my husband's body, which I had there laid by 
most of the same persons that laid him before in 
my father *s vault, in Hertford Church deposited, 
until I could make this vault and monument, 
which cost me two hundred pounds ; and here, if 
God pleases, I intend to lie myself. 

He had the good fortune to be the first chosen, 
and the first returned member of the Commons' 
House of Parliament, in England, after the King 
came home ; and this cost him no more than a 
letter of tlianks, and two brace of bucks, and 
twenty broad pieces of gold to buy them wine. 

Upon St. Stephen's day tlie King shut the * 



\ 



i:^^ 



EXTRACTS 

FROM THE 

CORRESPONDENCE 

OF 

SIR RICHARD FANSHAWE, 

ILLUSTRATIVE OF THE MEMOIR. 



The Letters from which part of the following Ex- 
tracts have been taken, were printed in 1701, under 
the title of " Original Letters of his Excellency Sir 
Richard Fanshawe, during his Embassies in Spain 
and Portugal ; which, together with divers L.2tters 
and Answers from the Chief Ministers of State of 
England, Spain, and Portugal, contain the whole 
negociations of the treaty of Peace between those 
three Crowns, " 8vo. pp. 510. 

The remainder are now printed, for the first time, 
from the rough copies of the originals, or the origi- 
nals themselves, preserved in the Harleian MS. 7010, 
in the British Museum. 

Although these Extracts were chiefly made with 
the view of illustrating the statements in the Memoir, 
nearly every passage has been copied from the Cor- 
respondence which is of the slightest general interest, 
unconnected with political affairs. 



EXTRACTS FROM THE CORRESPONDENCE 



SIR RICHARD FANSHAWE. 



TO MR. SECRETARY RENNET. 

[See Memoirs, p. 165.] 

On Board his Majesty's Admiral, entering the Bay 
of Cadiz, Wednesday about noon, 24th of Fe- 
bruary, 1669, English style. 

" By former advertisements, I presume his Majesty, from 
yovi, hath understood how, after sharp storms and cross winds, 
with the first favourable breath we adventured to put to sea 
a third time, and out of Torbay the second, upon Monday 
the 15th instant, at nine of the clock at night; from whence 
in so few days, as appears by computation, to the time of the 
date hereof, and with the most auspicious weather that could 
be imagined, we were all arrived thus far, in perfect health and 
safety; where perceiving some sailors steering towards us, 
which we took to be English, and homewards bound, I thought 
it my duty, en duda, to prepare hastily, thus much only, 
against we speak with them in passage ; which may suffice a 
present, from him who knows no more as yet." 

Original Letters of Sir Richard Fansfiawe, p. 30. 



262 CORRESPONDENCE OF 



TO MR. SECRETARY RENNET. 

[See Memoirs, p. 166.] 

Cadiz, 



February 20, \&iS. 
March 10, 1664. 



"My last of the 29th of February, English style, (which 
yet cannot go sooner than this, having not met with the pre- 
sent opportunity of conveyance I then expected,) advertised 
your honour we were just then entering this bay, after a brief 
and very fair passage from Torbay. 

The same evening we came to anchor at some distance from 
this city, intending, God willing, the next day, 6th instant, to 
come on shore ; but a strong Levant rising, not only that was 
impossible, but even for any to come to me from the land. 

The next morning, 7th, our ships weighing, made a hard 
shift to get into the port, and 1 from thence a harder to land 
i n boats. The Duke of Medina Celi, in the interim, having 
complimented me aboard, by a Caballero de el Habito, with a 
etter from Port S. Mary, and in person from this city the 
deputed governor of this town, Don Diego de Ibarra, both 
of them, as by a general order from his Catholic Majesty, 
which they had had some weeks by them in case of my arrival 
here, in virtue whereof somewhat more than ordinary salutes 
were given by this city to his Majesty's Ambassador and 
fleet ; also a house ready furnished for me, whereunto I was 
very honourably conducted, with appearance of universal joy, 
and there visited the same day by the Duke of Albuquerque, 
the Cabildo, and all the nobles and principal gentlemen here 
residing. My table, the governor signified, was to be at my 
own finding, yet that I must not refuse to accept of the first 
meal from him ; of the former I was very glad, as enjoying 
thereby a liberty which I preferred to any delicacies whatso- 



SIR RICHARD FA7SSHAWE. 263 

ever upon free cost; the latter^ I was not at all nice to receive 
for once. But I had not been three hours on shore, when 
an Extraordinary arrived from Madrid, with more particular 
orders than formerly from his Catholic Majesty, importing, 
that our Master's fleet, when arrived, and this Ambassador, 
should be presaluted from the city, in a manner unexampled 
to others, and which should not be drawn into example here- 
after. Moreover, and this so likewise, that I and all my com • 
pany must be totally defrayed, both here and all the way up 
to Madrid, upon his Catholic Majesty's account; v^'ith several 
other circumstances of particular esteem for our Royal Master 
above all the world besides. The substance of all hath been 
related to me, and the effects declare it ; but a copy cf the 
order itself I have not as yet been able to obtain though de- 
sired, it being the style not to communicate it without leave 
from above, and out of the Secretary of State, else I should 
have thought it my duty to remit it unto his Majesty from 
hence, and shall from thence if I get it. 

The first night the keys of the city were brought to me in 
a great silver basin, by the governor, which, after several re- 
fusals, I took and put into the right hands ; then the governor 
forced me to give him the word, which, after like refusals, I 
did, and was Fiva el Rey Caiolico. 

At supper, he and his Lady would bear me and my wife 
company, which I accepting as a great favour, told him my 
wife should eat with her Ladyship, retired from the men, 
after the Spanish fashion, it being more than sufficient, they 
would not think strange, we used the innocent freedom of our 
own when we were among ourselves. But by no means, 
that he would not suffer ; and to keep us the more in coun- 
tenance, alleged this manner of eating to be now the custom 
of many of the greatest families of Spain, and had been from 
all antiquity to this day of the majestical House of Alva ; the 



264 CORRESPONDKNCE OF 

generosity whereof, particularly in the person of the present 
duke, he took this occasion to celebrate very highly. So, in 
fine, he had his will of me in this particular. 

As the Duke of Albuquerque, newly-created Generalis- 
simo of the Ocean, and very shortly going to enjoy that high 
puesto at his ease in the Court, where he is likewise Gentil- 
hombre de la Camara — liad done to me before, so yesterday 
his Duchess and their daughter, (married to his own brother, 
to keep up the name, for want of issue male,) both vastly 
rich in jewels, as lately returned from the viceroyship of 
Mexico, so full as to refuse that of Peru, in consequence of 
the other, began an obliging visit of many hours to my wife ; 
botli of the above-named Dukes and Duchess, whether by 
letter and message, as the Duke of Medina, or in person, as 
the other, treating us both to a full equality in all respects. 

I had forgot to specify, as I may have done several other 
remarkable points of respect to his Majesty's Ambassador, 
how one part of this King's last order was,, that for more 
honour and security, a guard of soldiers, with a captain of it, 
should be night and day in my house ; which is practised 
where I now am, and, as I understood it, is to be in like 
manner in all towns of note ; a person of quality, by the same 
royal command, conducting me from one to another. 

"All this ceremony, I hope, is not instead of substance; for 
then it would prove very tedious and irksome to me indeed ; 
but an earnest and prognostic of it, which time will try when 
I come to treat." Ibid. p. 31. 



SIR RICHARD FANSHAWE. 265 

TO ME. SECRETARY RENNET. 

[See Memoirs, p. 173 — 181.] 

c. Ml March 23, 1663, 
Seville, 2Aprxl.l664, 

" Pursuing my journal, from the date of my last to you 
from Cadiz, uTrl^mhTi^k , you may be pleased to understand 
that, March I the old Governor, D. Ant. Pimentel, returned 

'13} ' ' 

thither, surprising me with a visit in my house before he 
would enter into his own, or had any notice of his landing ; 
the cause of his suspension having been only that which I 
then signified, and as powerfully removed at Court by a letter 
from the Duke de Medina Celi to his Catholic Majesty in his 
defence, as it seemed to have been laid on with a very good 
will by the Duke of Albuquerque; the letter I have seen, 
wanting neither rhetoric, logic, nor assurance. 

5 (of the same.) The said Don Antonio treated me and all 

16* ^ _ 

my company with splendour and magnificence, borrowing us 
for that dinner from the King's entertainment. 

The t. Himself in person accompanied me to Port St. 
Mary, my first step towards Madrid, and had been my first 
landing-place, as nearest and of most convenience, if it had not 
been signified to me by message, that I must not wave Cadiz, 
where all things were orderly prepared for my reception, 
from whence also I pressed to have removed sooner ; but 
that the Duke of Medina intimated his desire of the contrary, 
as not till then so well prepared for my entertainment as his 
Excellency intended to be ; and in particular, because a rich 
gondola, built purposely, said they, for the wafting over of 
Princes, had some days' work to do about it, before it could 
be fitted for my transportation. 

Ariived therein at Port St. Mary, the Duke, with all his family 



266 CORRESPONDENCE OF 

and vassals, (that city being his patrimony,) met me at the land- 
ing-place, whence, with coaches, and vollies of shot by many 
troops, not upon the King's pay but his own, for so his Ex- 
cellency then told me, he conducted me to a very fair house, 
prepared by his care, and furnished with the richest of what 
he had for his own palace moreover, under his Excellency's 
proper inspection against my coming from Cadiz, whence, 
having been there revisited at parting by the Duke of Albu- 
querque, and all other who had visited me at my arrival, I 
was dismissed with great and small shot from the town, and 
in like manner saluted in my passage by the Spanish Armada, 
and all other ships in the bay, as well Spanish as strangers, 
Van Tromp riding there at the same time with his squadron. 
The rest of my entertainment at Port St. Mary was proportion- 
able to the beginning, and there also the Duke of Medina gave 
me one treat at his own palace. The civilities to me of the Mar- 
quis of Bayona, Gentleman of the Galleys of Spain, the con- 
stant station thereof is there, and of his lady to my wife, inhe- 
ritrix of the Marquisate of Santa Cruz, and so of a Grandee- 
ship, noted likewise for eminent virtue and education at Court, 
came nothing behind ; but these two great men cannot set 
their horses together. 

On Monday, March L!, I was accompanied out of the city of 
Port by the Duke of Medina, Don Antonio de Pimentel, who 
had never left me till then, being one, and the Marquis of Bay- 
ona, with his Lady, planting his coach upon the way-side, beyond 
the place where the Dul^e took leave. I came that night to 
Xerez de la Frontera ; met and welcomed before our approach- 
ing to the city by the magistrates thereof and principal gen- 
tlemen, that is all, with many troops of soldiers, and shoals 
of common people. The next day, treated in the interim, and 
then dismissed as before at the other two places, I arrived and 
lodged at Lebrija. 



SIR RICHARD FANSHAWE. 267 

The next at Utrera ; met about a league short, by order of 
the Conde de Molina, Assistente de Sevilla, with a troop of 
horse, and by Don Lope de Mendoza, Alguazil, mayor of the 
city, as Teniente del Daque de Alcala, proprietor by inherit- 
ance of that office, the said Don Lope being, by the same 
order, to conduct me as far as Cordova. 

The next day, \1 of March, accompanied with the same 
troop and conductor, we set forth for Seville ; but this small 
stream soon lost itself, when, about the distance before named 
it fell into a torrent of people of all sorts and degrees, both 
military and civil, which, together with the Conde Assistente, 
rushed out to receive and conduct me to the King's palace, 
or Alcazar, which accordingly was done. Churches^ streets, 
inhabitants, river, places much noted at all times, setting 
now upon this occasion the best side outward to express a 
pride in their joy of a hoped perfect correspondence with 
England. 

Here, at my arrival, I found lying for me, in the hand of a 
servant of the Duke of Medina de las Torres, a letter from his 
Excellency, of high welcome to Spain, and no less respect. 
Here, since my arrival, besides a perpetual court of company 
and entertainments of the best above stairs, and ranks of sol- 
diers, with multitudes of others below, upon my account, in 
this famous palace of the King, where I am lodging in his Ma- 
jesty's own bedchamber, as royally furnished as when himself 
was in it, visits I have received in form from their Excellency 
the City, by their Representatives ; from their Sefioria the Au- 
diencia, by their E,egente ; from their Senoria the Contrata- 
cion House, by their Presidente ; and from his lUustrissima 
the Archbishop, being at present sick, by message ; all which 
I have repaid respectively ; and to-morrow, God willing, set 
forth towards Cordova ; perceiving beforehand that my salida 
K 2 



268 CORRESPONDENCE OF 

will be proportionable to my entrada. The conclusion I make 
of the whole is, ' thus shall it be done to the man whom the 
King our Master is pleased to honour/ and the King of Spain, 
for his Majesty's sake, as far as outward ceremony can testify 
it ; well, hoping that neither his Majesty, nor any other at 
home, will apprehend I take aught of this as done to my per- 
son, or for any thing of intrinsic value supposed to be in me, 
but merely as I bear my Master's image and superscription ; 
his Majesty's prerogative shining the more therein, by how 
much the metal on which he is stamped hath less of value in 
itself. Not a compliment, which will be always a saucy thing, 
as well as impertinent, with a man's prince ; but a sober and 
natural inference, at least so understood by such as could wish 
it were otherwise." Ihid. p. 36. 



TO MR. SECRETARY BENNET. 

[See Memoirs, p. 182, 183,] 

Cordova, 



7 April, 

'*'■ My last journal — such I call all letters of mine as relate 
only to my motions towards Madrid — with something of the 
splendid and ceremonious entertainment of his Majesty's Am- 
bassador, from place to place, more or less as the places them- 
selves are more or less eminent and plentiful, was dated at 
Seville, ^s aiartii, lees ^nd figured 7. 

^ 2Aprilis, 16G4, ° 

The next day, according to the account I then made, de- 
parted from Seville, accompanied out of the city abou ta mile 
by the Conde Assistente, and divers other of the nobility and 
gentry of that place, and was guarded by foot soldiers quite 
through the city, with colours displayed, and abased as I 



SIR RICHARD FANSHAWE. 269 

passed by, and muskets discharged ; a company of foot having 
been upon my guard all the while I stayed there, as in all 
other places of note. 

That night I came to Carmona, a city formerly considerable 
for the lofty situation, strong, and pleasant palace there of the 
Kings of Castile, and were the last which held out for Don 
Pedro the Cruel; both the one and the other now ruinous 
enough. About half a league short thereof, I was met by the 
magistrates and gentry of the place, and by them conducted 
to my lodging ; having placed a company of foot at the en- 
trance into the town, who discharged their muskets, &c. 

From Carmona, the next day, to Fuentes ; a very pleasant 
and healthful small town, from whence the Marquis, uncle to 
the now Duke Medina Sidonia, had his title. From Fuentes, 
the next day, to Ezija; which, in respect of the great heats 
thereof at some times, is called ' the Frying-pan of Andaluzia,' 
yet we, upon the 5th of April, their style, found it cold 
enough. I was there very civilly and splendidly lodged and 
entertained for two days ; being, indeed, an extraordinary 
place. Our company and cattle harassed ; and foreseeing 
we must make a halt at Cordova till the Holy Week, now 
begun, were past, and therefore to no purpose to hurry thither. 

From Eziia, ^sth March j arrived at Cordova, where now I 

'' ' 7th April, ' 

am : where also my reception vnthout this most ancient and 
famous city, by the Corregidor and gentry thereof, the flower 
of all Spain for extraction and civility, was, and our lodging 
and treatment of all sorts within is, and is like to be, do what 
we can, and the Lent season too, to avoid and qualify it, such 
as will require a letter apart, and more lines therein, to abbre- 
viate it only, than the feasting and pastimes themselves will 
probably allow me leisure for whilst I am here ; and therefore 
I must defer that to another occasion." — Ibid. p. 44. 



270 CORRESPONDENCE OF 



TO AIR. SECRETARY BENNET. 

[See MEMOiRs, p. 183 — 18G.] 
Ballocas, one league from Madrid, 7th May, 16G4, stilo hd. 

" My last from Cordova, 29th of March, N. S. 7th of April, 
carried on the journal of my great reception and entertainment 
in my way up to Madrid, to the day of the date thereof. 

What was afterwards in the same city, whilst I remained 
there, which was until Tuesday in Easter week — because those 
gentlemen would needs make the King of England's Ambas- 
sador dijiesta of canas upon the Monday, at the rate of taking 
up their horses from verde* on purpose for it; and since, in 
all other places proportionably, particularly in Toledo, where 
there was another Jicsta of bulls given, was every way rather 
exceeding than inferior to any thing that was elsewhere be- 
fore, until my safe arrival at this very place, which I reckon my 
journey's end; and by earnest suit to this Court from Seville, 
did obtain it might be so esteemed by them ; leaving me here 
to my own expense and disposal, although I have as yet no 
house provided for me in Madrid ; notwithstanding all dili- 
gence towards it by the Aposentadores there, upon the King's 
special command, and also by such private persons as I myself 
have employed not to stick at any just rate for a good one, 
upon my particular account, with advance of a year's rent in 
plata dolle, and so to be continued, as long as the house 
should be used by me, upon merchant security : such a dearth 
there is really of accommodations of this nature for the pre- 
sent, and for a long time hath been ; yet there want not 
descants, that there is some great mystery of slate in the 

* i. e. From grass. 



SIR RICHARD FANSHAWE. 271 

matter, which doubtless will fly as far as Paris, if not reach 
London. 

Postscript. — Since my arrival in this village, and that my 
present want of a house in Madrid is more murmured at there 
than needs, considering the King is absent, and moreover, 
though I am much straitened in matter of lodgings, yet that I 
have a very large and pleasant garden thereunto belonging, to 
expatiate and refresh myself and wearied family in, I received 
a message from Baron Battevil to this effect, besides general 
tenders of all manner of service which is in his power; that he 
is at present (as in truth he is) sick, or else would have waited 
upon me himself in person ; but that he will with all his 
heart quit his house to me — which I am told is a very fine 
one, as he hath made it, with chargeable additions of his 
own, in the midst of the Calle de Alcala, with a fair gar- 
den to it, and that it is no compliment at all. This I have 
thought reasonable to advertise in England, tliough not to 
accept."— 7^20?. p. 63—66, 



FROM THE DUKE DE MEDINA DE LAS TORRES, 
TO SIR RICHARD FANSHAWE. 

Madrid, 27th of May, 1664. 

" The Bull-feast will be on Thursday next ; and by reason 
that your Excellency seems desirous to be a spectator incognito, 
I have taken care to procure you a shady balcony in the first 
story. I have likewise ordered a window to be secured for 
your Excellency's retinue. If there be anything more wherein 
I can serve your Excellency, I hope you will freely command 



272 CORRESPONDENCE OF 

it, as I shall be always forward to serve you. God keep your 
Excellency, and grant you the long life I desire." — Ibid. 
p. 86. 



TO MR. SECRETARY BENNET. 

Ballecas, ^J May, 1664. 

" The Duke of Aveiro had recovered, by final sentence, the 
17th of May, the two dukedoms of Maqueda and Najara. 
Maqueda he hath ; for Najara he hath not yet sued, but keeps it 
in the decks : then Maqueda is a great deal better worth than 
I thought, valued by some at sixty thousand ducats per an- 
num, at forty thousand generally ; and moreover his sister, (as 
a domestic, who you know, of that family, tells me,) as a con- 
sequent of the late sentence, will recover for, or towards, her 
dowry, a deposited arrear of between three or four hundred 
thousand ducats. She was lately, in all appearance, very near 
marriage with the heir of the Conde de Oropesa ; but quite 
broke off before this sentence, upon point of alimony, and 
liberty of rewarding her own attendants out of her own es- 
tate, in case of future dissension. I am particular in the 
domestic concernments of this family when they come in 
my way, though the passages relate nothing of interest 
of state, in regard to that esteem of their persons,* which 

*The following passage occurs in Sir Richard's instructions: "You shall 
visit, in our name, the Duke of Aveiro and his sister, assuring them of our 
friendship and particular concernments for their persons, for the name and 
royal blood of which they are descended, and promising them all effects of it 
in our power, especially if the agreement between the two Crowns give us an 
opportunity to have any part in the restitution of their estates, with all other 
good offices, which shall happen to be in our power." — Ibid. p. 17. 



SIR RICHARD FANSHAWE. 273 

his Majesty's instruction to me on that behalf doth ex- 
press, and knowing yourself to be particularly an honourer 
of them. 

Upon the 22nd current, Ascension-day at night,* after a play 
in the palace, upon a slight occasion of snappish words, unless 
there were something of old grudge or rivalship in the case, 
the Marquis of Albersan, challenging Don Domingo Guzman, 
and he fought under the palace, near the Marquis de Castel 
Rodrigo's house in the Florida, where Don Domingo gave the 
Marquis that whereof he died. The next morning they that 
knew the Marquis to be so near and dear to the Conde de 
Castrillo as he was, and knew Don Domingo to be the Duke of 
St. Lucar's son, knowing withal how well that Conde and 
Duke do love one another, and how they do both divide the 
Spanish world between them in power, will conclude this pri- 
vate accident hath an influence upon the public ; indeed so 
great a one, as hath seemed for some days past to make a va- 
cation in Court, that I may not call it an inter-reign, or the 
dividing of a kingdom against itself. 

For since, and upon, this accident, all seems of a light flame 
between these duumviri, to so high a degree, that each cross- 
ing whatsoever the other promotes, the most of others of qua- 
lity take sides, and such as appear neuters with the monarchy 
a monopoly in either of their hands ; weeping over the graves 
of the Conde, Duque, and Don Luis de Haro, because they 
were absolute and sole favourites in their generations > attribu- 
ting to this very cause the seeming disproportion, if not con- 
tradiction, between my reception in, and conduction from, 
Cadiz, hitherto, and now my long demurrage so near the Court, 
for want of a house in it, and prophesying already that this 

* In 1664 Ascension-day fell on the nineteenth of May. 
N 5 



274 CORRESPONDENCE OF 

animosity and emulation will gangrene into tlie substance, as 
well as accidents, of my embassy. 

I do not here pretend to paint unto his Majesty the state of 
Spain, but the populace of it; asking more time, by a great 
number of years, to understand the former, though but in, a 
competent measure, than I hope his Majesty will give me ; 
and if his Majesty would, God will not. I have learned by 
the yet invincible ignorance of some Foreign Ambassadors 
to England, (an open-breasted country ! — how apt they are 
to mistake,) who, (begging the question, in the first place, 
of their own personal abilities,) can never be convinced 
that Mas vce el loco en su casa, que el cuerdo en la agena. — 
Whilst I am writing, I am called to entertain the Count 
de Marcin,* who is upon the way from Madrid to find me 
out in this obscurity, contrary to the style of Spain, but~ 
suitable to the freedom of a soldier, and of a subject 
of his Majesty, as to his most noble Sovereignty of the Gar- 
ierr^lbid. p. 90. 

* Jolin Caspar Ferdinand de Marcin, Count de Gravillo, Marquis de Clare- 
mont d'Antrague, &c. Captain-General of the Spanish Service, was Lieute- 
nant-General of Charles the Second's forces by sea and land, and was elected 
a Knight of the Garter in 1658. 



SIR RICHARD FANSHAWE. 275 

TO HIS EXCELLENCY DENZILL LORD HOLLES, 

AMBASSADOR EXTRAORDINARY IN THE COURT OF FRANCE. 
FOR HIS majesty's SPECIAL SERVICE. 
[See Mkmoirs, pp. 187, 188.] 

Madrid, Jnne^^' 1G64. 

20 

" My Lord, 

" After a long progress from Cadiz to Ballecas, a village one 
league distant from this Court, and almost as long a paren- 
thesis there — which the French Court will say was no elegant 
piece of oratory, nor the middle at all proportionable to 
the beginning with me, whatever the end may prove — upon 
the 8th instant I arrived happily at my journey's end howso- 
ever ; where, as speedily then as myself could possibly in any 
measure be ready for it, namely, upon the 18th, both stilo loci, 
I received my public audience of entrada at the King's palace, 
in the same form, neither more or less, as my predecessors 
have ever done ; and only two days having since intervened, 
as by the account doth appear, within two or three more from 
the date of this, the King removing to-day unto the Buen Re- 
tiro, I do expect my first private audience. 

Being thus fixed, after long running, in the centre of my 
negotiation, I do presume to beg from your Excellency, and 
hereby to begin on my part, a mutual correspondence ; first 
in order to the service of our Hoyal master, whereunto we are 
both obliged in common ; secondly, to that of your Excellency, 
whereunto myself in particular. 

To begin with what concerns my embassy, being so much 
a fresh man as your Excellency sees I am in this Court, visible 
it is by what proceeds, I can as yet have nothing to descant or 



276 CORRESPONDENCE OF 

touch upon, but matter of ceremony only from and towards 
me, divisible into two considerations ; the first, in reference 
to the past, of which I have already said the same hath been, 
as from, and to, other Ambassadors, in all this and all other 
ages ; the second, in reference to the present concurring Am- 
bassadors, and other public ministers of this Court ; and now 
upon this branch I shall, with your Excellency's patience, if 
I may presume so much, dilate myself so far as to the heads 
only of what hath past, in fact, as followeth. 

I need not tell your Excellency, because it differs not from 
the custom of all or most Courts, until abuses thereof enforced 
an alteration in some, that in this, always heretofore. Ambas- 
sadors and other Foreign Ministers upon the place, did send 
their families to accompany new comers to their first public 
audience, and this went round. Therefore, accordingly, I 
was now, in my turn, to expect this function towards me, as I 
did. The Master of the Ceremonies thereupon, who is a man 
new in his place, advertised me in writing, that this, since 
Henry the Eighth's time, was never practised to, nor by. 
Ambassadors of England. Finding this matter of fact utterly 
mistaken, I replied. Soon after he brought me a message 
from the King, that I should not expect this ceremony ; but 
still upon the same misgrounded supposition, therefore unto 
this likewise I replied. Finally, his Majesty, having weighed 
my last reply, by the Secretary of State for the North, Don 
Blasco de Loyola, coming to my house the evening before 
my audience, signified to me, that for certain reasons, what- 
soever was heretofore in practice of that kind, it must thence- 
forward be no more, from or towards English, or any Ambas- 
sador whatsoever in this Court, the which being his Majesty's 
own order, in his own kingdom, and equally indifferent to 
all, my answer to the Secretary was, — That for the present 



SIR RICHARD FANSHAWE. 277 

I saw no further cause of reply, but would and did submit 
thereunto. 

The like signification was at the same time sent to all other 
Ambassadors and Foreign Ministers here that they would not 
send, the which, in compliance therewith, they forbear, all but 
the French, who upon the very morning, the hour of my audi- 
ence approaching, sent four of his gentlemen, with one of his 
coaches, to accompany me. The Marquis de Malpica, mayor- 
domo of the week, and Captain of the German guard, in behalf 
of the Marquis of Salinas, proprietor thereof, happening to be 
my conductor, with his guard, did a little expostulate with 
those gentlemen, why they came contrary to his Majesty's 
order ; who replied, their Lord did receive no orders but from 
his own master, who had sent him very strict ones to perform, 
I think he said this office in particular, at least, in general, all 
offices of amity to the Ambassador of the King of England, 
his Christian Majesty's most dear brother and ally. In fine, 
accompany me they did, and very civilly comported them- 
selves, both unto the palace, which was customary, but now 
forbid, and home again, which was never done before, by the 
family of any Ambassador, to any other whatsoever in this 
Court. They did insist that their Ambassador's coach should 
precede my second coach, which was not denied them, being a 
civil expedient practised in all or most other courts ; the ordi- 
nary style of this, and practised, by these individual French 
themselves towards public ministers of the lowest rank, as they 
avowed to me the same morning, in the presence both of the 
Marquis and the Master of Ceremonies, and expressly a majori, 
that whenever I should send in the like case to accompany a 
new comer from France, the same measure would never be 
scrupled towards me. 

For this obliging piece of gallantry to the King of England's 



278 CORRESPONDENCE OF 

Ambassador, endeared by the singularity, by the opposition of 
the Spanish Court, and by the supererogation of his followers ex- 
tending it in part beyond the example of others, when the same 
was in custom, I wrote my thanks yesterday unto his Excel- 
lency, who answered, that if he had not had the orders of the 
King his master to pay me the respects he did, it would have 
sufficed for obliging him thereunto, to know that the King of 
England's Mother is his Master's Aunt. My Lord, there are 
in this Court, who seem of opinion, that this excess of cour- 
tesy from the French Ambassador, is not sound within, looking 
one way and rowing another ; which, say they, will shortly 
appear. For my own part, I am quite of another mind ; and 
hitherto I am sure, in farther demonstrations of kindness and 
civility, he foUoweth suit with the forwardest, if in that he was 
the single unfollowed precedent. I am, my Lord, your Ex- 
cellency's most faithful, and ever most obedient Servant. 

Richard Fanshawe."— ii-ir/, p. 106. 



TO MR. SECRETARY BENNET. 

[See Memoirs, p. 188 and~p. 191.] 
Madrid, Wednesday, the 15th June, 1664, English Style. 

" I write this, being just now returned from my first pri- 
vate audience of his Catholic Majesty, which was given me in 
the Buen Re tiro, and therein did deliver myself in the sense of 
my instructions and directions ; not in many words, because 
the King's weak state of body will not allow it; but with much 
plainness and humble freedom, concerning the languishing and 
desperate condition in which the peace and commerce between 



SIR RICHARD FANSHA.WE. 279 

the Crowns and nations have long lain gasping, and expecting 
an utter dissolution, by frequent violations of articles in several 
manners." — Ibid. p. 113. 

Madrid, Wednesday, 25th June, 1664. 

" In the first place, having procured his Catholic Majesty to 
be prepared to expect it, I delivered myself in English, and 
in the express words of my instructions, only changing the 
person, as foUoweth, viz. 

*■ The most Serene King of Great Britain, my Master, hath 
charged me, after kissing your Majesty's feet with due reve- 
rence, to represent unto your Catholic Majesty, that some un- 
happy accidents intervening, have occasioned his not perform- 
ing this part towards your Majesty sooner, in return of those 
congratulatory embassies which your most Serene Majesty sent 
unto him immediately upon his late happy restoration to his 
kingdoms. His most Serene Majesty commanded me to add 
farther, that neither those accidents, nor any other, of what 
nature soever, have been, or can be able, to lessen his esteem 
of your royal person and friendship, or the obligations he had 
to your most Serene Majesty in the time of his adversity ; and 
that therefore your Majesty may assure yourself, that his 
Majesty will be ready in all times to make proportionable 
returns.' 

With this, and the delivering to his Catholic Majesty, 
first my Latin credential, then the respects of the whole Royal 
Family of England, in general words, and particularly a letter 
from his Royal Highness ; also, his Majesty's leave first asked, 
presenting my comrades one after another to do their obeis- 
ance, I made my retreat in the accustomed manner. 

The like respectively, immediately after, in the Queen's 



280 CORRESPONDENCE OF 

side, to her Majesty, unto whom I presented his Majesty's 
letter, and afterwards two others from their Royal Highnesses ; 
then a comphment to the Empress, so treated as to title, but 
ranked as to place, because not yet espoused, beneath the 
Queen her mother, and would have been also, (had his High- 
ness been there present, as was intended, but that it proved 
either his sleeping or eating hour,) beneath her brother the 
Prince ; all which seemed very graciously accepted ; and here 
no English at all was spoken. Lastly, a dumb show of salute, 
as you know the custom to be, after the Queen and Empress, 
to every particular dame ; and in the close of this ceremony, 
as well towards their Majesties as the ladies, my comrades had 
all of them leave to follow me. 

The evening, and near that time it was before we had gotten 
home and eaten our breakfast, was wholly spent by me in ex- 
pected visits to the Duke of Medina de las Torres, and the 
rest of the Council, the President of Castile (quatenus such) 
only excepted by me, as likewise by all other Ambassadors of 
the first class used to be. This is the reason why, for haste, 
having only a piece of the night for my own before the post 
departs, I write to you bare matter of fact in this misshapen 
way hidierto ; and in another point, perhaps of more import 
in the consequence than all the rest, I must be forced, for the 
same reason, to go yet less, only touching thereupon very briefly 
for the present. 

You well know a custom of this Court, and I believe of 
most others likewise, till abuses thereof enforced an alteration 
in some, that Ambassadors and other Foreign Ministers upon 
the place, send their families to accompany any new comers 
to their first public audience ; and this went round. Accord- 
ingly, I was now to expect this function towards me, as I 
did." 



SIR RICHARD FANSHAWE. 281 

[Sir Richard then repeats precisely what he stated in his 
Letter to Lord Holies. — See pages 276, 277.] 

So that hitherto, as to this action, they can have nothing 
to boast of, but an excess of civility towards the crown 
of England, or the person of our Royal Master. In return 
whereunto, his Majesty, in my humble opinion, will think fit 
to command me, or whosoever shall succeed me, to perform 
the same office towards the successor of this French Ambas- 
sador. As to both points, which make it worthy of peculiar 
estimation, that is to say, with an exception in this one parti- 
cular only, though his Catholic Majesty should continue his 
present general rule to the contrary ; and although also, even 
whilst his compliment was generally practised, it was not by 
any extended so far as to accompany any Ambassador back to 
his house ; and this the rather, if it shall be found that the 
French Ambassador, conforming hereafter to the general rule, 
as to all others, shall have made the English Ambassador his 
single exception in the case. The experiment will now soon 
be made, a new Venetian Ambassador being daily expected 
here ; though possibly he may not have his audience so very 
soon after, but that, in the interim, I may, upon this clear, 
though brief, stating of all actions and circumstances to me, as 
yet appear above ground in this matter, receive his Majes- 
ty's particular directions and cautions how to carry myself in 
all events, the which I am exceedingly desirous of; and, in 
default thereof, will, with all fidelity, proceed and work accord- 
ing to the best of my understanding. 

If it be not already clear enough from the premises, you 
may be pleased to take notice, that no one stranger went with 
me but those French in the Ambassador's coach, which, with- 
out any least dispute whatsoever, did give place to my princi- 
pal coach, as mine did to that which brought the Marquis, 



282 CORRESPONDENCE OP 

being the King's proper coach, a thing not formerly usual upon 
these occasions." — Ibid. p. 117. 



SIR RICHARD FANSHAWE TO THE FRENCH 
AMBASSADOR. 

" I humbly thank your Excellency for the civility you 
showed to the King my Master, and tlie honour you did me, in 
sending your coach and domestics to accompany my entry ; 
and whereof I retain so lively a sense, that I am just going to 
acquaint my Master with it, not doubting in the least but it 
will meet with that esteem from him which your Excellency so 
highly deserves. My instructions, indeed, were to observe a 
more than ordinary intimacy and amity with your Excellency 
at this Court, which I shall always continue to do, and where- 
by I imagine we may not a little contribute towards the good 
and welfare of both kingdoms. I kiss your Excellency's hands, 
and wish you a long and prosperous life, being, 

My Lord, 
Your Excellency's most obliged and most humble Servant, 

Richard Fanshawe." — Ibid. p. 123. 



SIR RICHARD FANSHAWE. 283 



TO Mlt. SECRETARY BENNET. 

Madrid, 2 July, 1664, Siilo Loci. 

" The herewith enclosed papers do contain ray complaint of 
a studied neglect put by a Venetian Ambassador, whom I 
found in this Court ready to depart the same within a short 
time, upon the Ambassador of the King of England, in not 
giving me a visit either of welcome or farewell, as the custom 
of this and all other Courts do require in the like case ; the 
which I have thought it my precise duty to represent to the 
King our Master, as knowing how highly the like neglect in 
the Court of England, by a Venetian Ambassador also, with 
others, towards an Ambassador, but of a Duke of Savoy, was 
resented; his then Majesty himself, in his Princely judgment? 
condemning the omission, as will here appear in the first 
place. 

And lest this Venetian Ambassador should justify himself 
in this towards me, as pretending to be aggrieved by me, be- 
cause I am entitled by his Catholic Majesty to the house of 
the Seven Chimeneas, which he was possessed of, and endea- 
voured to entail the same upon his successor, both against the 
decree of his Majesty and the consent of the owner, I having 
both, I do likewise herewith, in the following papers, make it 
clearly appear, that I did neither think of that individual 
house, till it was already embargoed for me, nor pursue it 
afterwards, as most men but myself would have done, being 
so destitute of conveniences of dwelling as I then was, and 
yet am, merely out of a respect I bear to the character of an 
Ambassador. So that, even in this particular, which is all the 
colour he can have for excuse of not visiting, I have just 
cause of a second complaint, but this second I totally let pass. 



284 CORRESPONDENCE OF 

The other being much taken notice of by this Court as a 
matter of a more public nature, I humbly submit it to his 
Majesty's consideration, whether, in his Royal wisdom, he 
may not think fit to expostulate it with the Senate of Venice; 
in the mean time, his successor being arrived, I intend to send 
just such a message to him as his predecessor did to me; but 
have already declared, with the seeming approbation of all, 
that I will never give to, nor receive a visit from, this, or any 
Venetian Ambassador whatsoever, that shall be in this Court 
while I remain here, unless the King my Master, being ap- 
plied to by the Republic, shall command it." — Ibid. p. 129. 



TO MR. SECRETARY BENNET. 

Madrid, Thursday, 28th July, 1664, English Style. 

" You proceed expressing your gladness to hear I was 
housed in Madrid, upon which, after my humble thanks for 
the favour, I must needs observe the expression was very 
happy, if you rightly understand my case, and happier if you 
understand it not. Housed I have been here, that is, under a 
roof, these two months, making a shift with an upper quarter ; 
such a one, indeed, as the Duke of St. German contained him- 
self and family in ; but a house I never had till this morning, 
then I had delivered into my possession the Casa de las siete 
Chimeneas. 

This house was defended, for the space of time I have 
mentioned, against the King of Spain, and all his Aposenta- 



SIR RICHARD FANSHAWE. 285 

dores,* by two Venetian Ambassadors successively ; the first 
was really leaving it without any thought, as I am assured, 
of asking it for his successor ; then the Duke of Medina de 
las Torres, when I never dreamed of it, and was in pursuit of 
another, procured it to be embargoed for me in reversion ; 
this the Venetian apprehends an affront to him and his Re- 
public ; and whiles off the time of his stay here, to his great 
inconvenience, in respect of the advancing heats and other- 
wise, till he had got his successor up to him, marching fu- 
riously, who, contrary to the King and Council's expectation 
and express decree, doth amanecer in the Seven Chimeneas, 
fortifying himself there with his privilege of Ambassador, 
and makes it point of reputation so to do (patriaeq. suseq. ); 
in this security his predecessor leaves him about six weeks 
since, not to be removed with all the King and the Duke have 
been able to do, without imposition of hands, till the last 
night. 

I dare confidently say nothing hath troubled both the Am- 
bassadors so much in this whole business, as that they could 
never draw me in to make myself a party in the dispute ; for 
as, at the first, I never asked that individual house ; so when 
promised and decreed to me, I never insisted upon it, pro- 
vided some other convenient one were found out for me, or 
that I myself could find out such a one for my money, and, 
effectually, about a fortnight since, did contract, under hand 
and seal, with the owner, for the entire house where I am, 
upon condition the Court did approve thereof; but the Duke 
told me, that must not be now, how well soever it might serve 

• Jposentadores are persons belonging to the Household, whose duties 
resemble those of the Harbingers in that of the Kings of England, namely, to 
provide lodgings on his journies or progresses. The office of Aposentddor- 
Mayor is one of great honour and dignity. 



286 CORRESPONDENCE OF 

my turn, for the King would be obeyed in his own kingdom, 
and the Venetian should out. Upon the whole, all circum- 
stances which I have seen, considered, it is to me apparent 
enough, that these Ambassadors of Venice, in this contest, did 
nourish double ambition, either to carry the house against an 
English Ambassador, or that an English Ambassador should 
carry it against them ; but my business throughout hath been 
never to come in any competition or comparison with them. 

This story I have been the longer in, because the matter 
thereof hath filled this Court, and may do some others, with as 
much noise, expectation, and, I do believe, secret sidings 
too, as it had been some very weighty interest of princes or 
states. 

The heats of this summer have risen here proportionable to 
what you express of those in England." 



" From a Letter to my Lord Holies, sent by mistake to my 
Lord Ambassador Fanshawe." 

Whitehall, May 26, 1664. 

" It is truly observed by you, that Monsieur de Lionne doth 
you wrong in not treating you with ' Excellency,' but then it is 
truly observed, that that style is quite out of use in that Court, 
and so much, that Frenchmen of any tolerable quality do not 
use it to their own Ambassador here, or in any other Court." — 
Ihid.^. 141. 



SIR RICHARD I ANSHAWE. 287 



TO 3IR. SECRETARY RENNET. 

Madrid, Wednesday, . .th July, 16C4. 

" Upon Sunday the 3d, siilo novo, of July, 1 664, being the 
day of celebrating the Empress's birth, I attended his Ma- 
jesty with the parabien; also, in the Queen's apartment, her 
Majesty, the Prince, and Empress : it was the first time I had 
seen the Prince." — Ibid. p. 142. 



TO MR. SECRETARY RENNET. 

Madrid, Friday the 12th of August, 1654, N.S. 

" The design of the French courtesy in my public audience, 
even then perceivable and perceived, is now full blown : that 
the King hath in person expostulated with the Spanish Am- 
bassador at Paris, why the King his Master would offer, by 
an innovation in the Spanish Court at that time, to bereave 
him, the said French King, of an opportunity of vindicating 
his just precedence of the King of England, and in pursuance 
thereof hath since sent letters to this Court to the same effect, 
and to demand restitution of the former custom in first en- 
trances of Ambassadors from such others as they found here, 
which demand this French Ambassador hath done and doth 
manage to that degree of heat, with and in this Court, as, 
amongst other expressions, to have plainly threatened, that if 
he were not satisfied in this point, he would himself dispute 
the precedency with the Ambassador of the Emperor, I can- 
not say with the Pope's Nuncio too, because that hath not 



288 CORRESPONDENCE OF 

been told me, but the sequence is as if it had been so ; for of 
certain, both the Emperor's Ambassador and Pope's Nuncio, 
and more, if not all, have addressed themselves to his Ca- 
tholic Majesty, either by word of mouth or memorial, or both, 
(the which I do rather believe,) that since the French Ambas- 
sador did assume that liberty and privilege to himself, as to 
send his coach and family to the English Ambassador, con- 
trary to the new order, it might be free for them to do the 
like to all other hereafter. All these particulars I have had 
from the Duke de Medina de las Torres; with this farther, 
that the French King enforced his said demand with many 
presents ; the Duke told me the matter is suhjudice, and not 
determined ; therefore, yesterday, having obtained audience, I 
presented to his Catholic Majesty, according to my late inti- 
mation to your Honour, the herewith enclosed protest, or not 
protest, as this or any other Court shall understand it, or ra- 
ther as the King our Master, in his princely wisdom, shall in- 
terpret or command me to interpret the same, whose royal 
directions in the case, long since to be foreseen, I shall now 
by every post expect, for my better light, in case of revival 
of the former custom, which, by the packing of the cards, I 
conceive to be most probable ; keeping myself in the interim 
that they come not upon my guard, the best I may. 

The Venetian Ambassador's entry, which is next expected, 
can put me to no diflficulty at all, in respect his predecessor 
never thought fit to give me a visit, either of welcome when I 
arrived, or farewell when he departed, whereof I formerly ad- 
vertised you at large, and how such neglect hath been resented 
in another age. The Holland Ambassador, now resident mu- 
tato nomine, will have his entrada soon after ; there will be 
some scruple, yet no very great one ; on the contrary, 1 think 
there is a rational query whether I, or any other of the Am- 



SIR RICHARD FANSHAWE. 289 

bassadors de Capilla,* should visit him at all. The case is, in 
his quality of Resident he hath totally declined the visiting 
either the Emperor's, or me, or the French Ambassador ; be- 
cause the other two first, and then I, by their example, did not 
assent to treat him with ' Senoria lUustrissima,' and in our own 
houses with the hand and upper chair, this latter, of giving him 
precedence in our own houses, being, I conceive, the only 
point he absolutely insists upon. Now if we do him wrong in 
this, why should we not right him whilst he is yet under the 
notion of Resident ? And if we do him none, why should we 
visit the Holland Ambassador in our turn, when the Holland 
Resident, especially, being the same person, will not visit us 
in this ? 

Here is a Danish Resident, and an Enviado of Genoa, who 
stand off upon the very same terms both with those Ambassa- 
dors and with me. The latter having obliged me, by message, 
to solicit for the King our master's orders to guide me on be- 
half of his pretence, because I had sent him word, that without 
such I could not in discretion and civility, being a new comer, 
vary from the judgment and practice of my seniors in this 
Court. 

Your Honour, by your long and late experience here, will 
understand the pinch of this business better than yet I do ; 
who, by what I can learn, am of opinion, that according to the 
style of this Court, perhaps of all others likewise, a King's 
Ambassador, in his own house, doth not give the hand to an- 
other King's Residetit, much less * ilhistrissima/ twenty years 
ago ; but then again, I am informed, that now these very Am- 
bassadors of Germany and France, who may with justice 
enough make scruple of that, may at the same time give ' illus- 

* Ambassadors of the first class, who have the right to he covered at their 
audience of the Sovereign to whom they are accredited. 

O 



290 CORRESPONDENCE OF 

hissima,^ and, within their own doors the hand, to a Ducal 
Ambassador, thereby preferring them to their own Residents : 
an old controversy not easily decided, and yet in a fair way 
to be so, when by strong inference we shall be found judges 
against ourselves. I have farther to avow, in justification of 
my not sending to accompany the Hollander in his entrada, or 
any other but a new French Ambassador, that having been 
myself accompanied from none of them who show themselves 
now so zealous to perform that function to others, I have no 
reason to perform it towards them, until I shall have received 
tlie King my master's particular direction therein, after know- 
ledge of what hath passed. 

This, by way of discussion, not of decision of the question; 
for although, by my seventeenth instruction, it is very clear I 
must give not the hand to any King's Ambassador, on which 
behalf his Majesty shall not need to doubt my zeal, neither, I 
hope, the success, how roughly soever the precedence may be 
jostled for, whether by them or theirs ; yet, whether by re- 
ceiving by such arts as are now on foot, and for such ends as 
are now declared, the forementioned custom of Ambassadors 
sending their coaches and families to each others entradas, be 
such a point of advantage above me, as in the same instruction 
I am commanded to be wary of; and whether, in that case, I 
am not to thrust in for a share, in as good a room as I can get 
by scratching for, since others by their unquietness, or by their 
inconstancy, impose the necessity, there will be the question ; 
whereof I do now hope for resolution from his Majesty by 
every post, of what I formerly writ concerning this matter, 
then in prospect, and find, by your honour's last, that those 
despatches were at the writing thereof come newly to hand."'— 
Ibid. p. 199. 



SIR RICHARD FANSHAWE. 291 

TO MR. SECRETARY BENNET. 

[See Memoirs, p. 196.] 
Madrid, Wednesday, 12th of October, 1664, English style. 

" Since my last to you of yesterday, the President of Cas- 
tile haying by the King's special and angry command, gone 
forth to the neighbouring villages, attended with the hangman, 
and whatsoever else of terror incident to his place and dero- 
gatory to his person, the markets in this town begin to be 
furnished again plentifully enough, yet so as that the bullion 
remaining fallen to the half value, bread, wine, and other pro- 
visions, are held up much higher than they were before in the 
numerical money ; the reason is, whether upon intelligence or 
jealousy, the people that sell, do expect a second speedy fall^ in 
which regard they rather choose to part with their wares upon 
trust, as many do and will, to receive for the same at the rate 
money shall go awhile hence, than for present money, though 
to persons whom before they would have been very scrupulous 
to have trusted." — Ibid. p. 265. 



TO MR, SECRETARY BENNET. 

[See Memoirs, p. 195.] 

Madrid, Wednesday, 19th of October, 1664, English style. 

" Upon the 10th instant, stilo novo, invited by the delicacy 
of the weather, and not knowing whether I should have an- 
other opportunity for it during my residence in this Court, 
o 2 



292 CORRESPONDENCE OF 

together with my family, man, woman, and cliild, I took a 
small journey by stealth, of three days going and coming, to 
Aranjuez. 

As soon as it was known that I was gone, the Duke of Me- 
dina de las Torres sent a post after me, with a letter to myself, 
of courtly chiding, that I had given the Spanish civility the 
slip in that manner, with another to the officers of the palace, 
to perform their part towards me, which was not wanting in 
any needful degree, although the Propio,* tracing me all the 
way, could not reach me till I got home again. 

Tor the same reasons, we began another journey, upon 
Monday last, to the Escurial.f This was not, nor could be 
kept secret ; therefore the Duke, prompting his Catholic Ma- 
jesty, se-nt his orders before, by virtue whereof I was lodged in 
the quarter there of the Duke of Montaldo, Mayor-domo Mayor 
to the Queen, and of like special order, by the Prior of that 
most famous monastery, showed, with all demonstrations of 
courtesy, the much that is there to be seen, besides an extraor- 
dinary present of provisions, of all which Don Juan Combos, 
whose company I was favoured with in this excursion, is able, 
if he pleases, to give you a better account than I. 

Before I was returned half-way to this Court, we met some 
French, who told us the French Ambassador was following 
them to the Escurial. Advanced as far as a very small 
village, about a league from Madrid, the highway lying by a 
single house, at the outskirts thereof, at the door of the same, 
w'ere two that wear his livery, of whom one of my people, 
asking whether the French Ambassador was coming towards 
the Escurial ? they replied ' No ;' but that his Excellency was 

* The Duke's courier. 

t Lady Fanshawe, p. 196, says they wtnt to the Ej^curial on the 27th of 
Cctoher. Her Ladyship calculated by the new, and Sir Eichard by tlie eld style. 



SIR RICHARD FANSHAWE. 293 

in that village, and thence immediately to return to Madrid. 
That is all I yet know pertaining to that matter ; unless this 
be, that it hath rained plentifully from morning to night, 
being, as the year hath fallen out, very extraordinary, the first 
day here of winter. Thus much may be built upon as a cer- 
tainty, that neither the palace here upon Monday morning 
when I went, nor the Escurial this morning when I left it, 
had the least notice or inkling of any intention of the French 
Ambassador to go thither at this time. 

A report there hath been for some days whispered, that the 
said Ambassador is revoken. To notify which the more, it is 
possible he might design this visit to the Escurial, which is 
commonly left to the last by all public persons from abroad." — 
Ibid. p. 267. 



TO MR. SECRETARY BENNET. 

Madrid, Wednesday, 12th of November, 1664, N. S. 

" On Monday last, in the afternoon, I should by appoint- 
ment have had a conference with the Duke of Medina de las 
Torres, but in the morning his Excellency sent to excuse it 
for that time, upon notice then arrived of the death of his 
kinsman, the Duke of Medina Sidonia, which obliged him to 
the offices which those cases require. 

The manner of this Duke's death, like his quality, was ex- 
traordinary. His Excellency was, for his diversion and recrea- 
tion, being as then in good health to all outward appearance, 
and not much stricken in years, at a town of his own, not far 
from Valladolid, where you know his constant appointed abode 



294 CORRESPONDENCE OF 

was ; in that place of recreation, his Excellency had some num- 
ber of dogs, newly given him, the which, looking out of his 
windows, he happened to see worrying a poor woman. They 
neither killed nor maimed her, but the Duke's apprehension 
was so great they would do the one or the other, that violently 
crying out from the place where he was unto his people to pre- 
vent it, he fell into a sudden ecstacy ; from that into a deep 
melancholy, and from that into a fever, which dispatched him 
before his physicians could come from Valladolid ; so thereby 
verifying in his particular the surname of his family, de puro 
hueno mtirio.^' 

Upon the 7th of November, N.S.I gave the King, Queen, 
Prince, and Empress, the paraUen of the Prince's birth- 
day. The day itself was the precedent, and then it was that I 
desired audience to that end, by the Master of the Ceremo- 
nies ; but it was appointed me, as I have said, to avoid con- 
currence with others, as I do believe, according either to the 
old or new style of this Court, the which I have formerly men- 
tioned. However, for the English Ambassador alone, as 
might be supposed, all the royal persons put themselves de 
gala, both as to apparel and humour. True it is, to make up 
the jollity enough for two days at least, there met in one, and 
the parabien was accordingly both from the other Ambassa- 
dors the day before, and from me then, the Peace of Germany, 
and the Prince's birth-day, and both were very well taken."— 
Hid. p. 290. 



SIR RICHARD FANSHAWE, 295 



TO MR. SECRETARY BENNET. 

Madrid, Monday, 14th of November, 1664, English style. 

" Inclosed with this, I send you a print of that new inven- 
tion here for ploughing, which you did lately command me 
to enquire out."* — lUd. p. 321. 



TO MR. SECRETARY BENNET. 

[See Memoirs, p. 203.] 

Madrid, Wednesday, 14th of December, 1664, 0. S. 

" These five or six nights last past here hath appeared a very 
strange blazing star, so high and so clear that I presume it 
must needs have been seen in England likewise, and therefore 
forbear to give any description or judgment thereof, the people 
of this country not being so curious in such matters as ours 
are there. 

Yesterday I went to give the King and Queen the nova 
I'uena of her Majesty's birth-day, which was the day before. 
jfVs soon as I came from the King, the Dutch Ambassador was 
called in ; and at his coming out, it being a very dry day, 
and we having an hour to spend before the Queen would be 



* Mr. Bennet, in a letter to Sir Richard Fanshawe, dated 29th of Septem- 
t?er, 1664, observed, " Sir George Downing tells me of a new invention of a 
plough in Spain. I beseech your Excellency to enquire after it. He saith an 
Italian hath made it, and thaj it is not only received in Spain, but sent into the 
Indies also, for the good of their land." — Ibid. p. 279. 



296 CORRESPONDENCE OF 

ready to receive us, I invited him into my coach, and we took 
a turn in the town, which caused almost as much wonder in 
this people as the blazing star ; and indeed I did it to that 
end partly, there being no offence in it that I know, so long 
as his Majesty hath an Envoy in Holland, and the States an 
Ambassador in England. The truth is, many of this people 
begin to apprehend, that our disputes with them will have 
a quite other issue, and a very different operation, as other 
interests, and Spain amongst the rest, than Spain imagined. 

Last night was before the palace a masquerade on horse- 
back. I had a balcony appointed me in the armouiy over the 
stables of his Majesty : the Dutch Ambassador, another for 
him next below mine, the rest of the Ambassadors in an en- 
tresuelo of the palace. 

Mine I left to my gentlemen, and sat myself with the Duke 
of Medina de las Torres, at his quarters in the palace ; my 
wife in another room thereby with the Duchess." — Rid. 
p. 376. 



TO THE LORD CHANCELLOR. 

Madrid, the 24th of January, 1664, N. S. 

" My Lord, 
■ " I send your Lordship herewith enclosed, two transcripts, 
he one of a project, at making of which I was never good ; 
but this is of a peace, and therefore I wish I were ; a peace 
between Castile and Portugal, hardly practicable upon any 
terms, as I do humbly conceive, much less upon these, pro- 



SIR RICHARD FANSHAWE. 297 

posed by an unknown author, with regard to either side; yet 
I have thought them not unworthy your Lordship's notice, as 
possibly more practicable elsewhere, as to form, and in a great 
measure as to matter likewise, than in the altitude for which 
they were designed. 

The other transcript is of a fresh libel, in and upon this 
Court and palace ; a commodity I have in my nature no incli- 
nation at all to vent, either by wholesale or retail ; yet is this 
fit also, in my humble judgment, for persons of great near- 
ness to his Majesty not to be unacquainted with, representing 
sores which are in foreign kingdoms, whereby to praise God 
the more for the modesty of ours at home, as ours for the 
great goodness of his Majesty that stops our mouths, or rather 
fills them with prayers to God and him ; not censuring other 
princes, neither for the liberties of their subjects in their dis- 
paragement, much less these of Spain, than whom, from all 
times, none talk more against, or (our own nation only except- 
ed) act more for, their kings. This damnable libel doth not 
spare one Councillor of State here present, but the Inquisidor 
General; and to crown the damnation of it, the King himself 
bears the burden, besides the smaller game it picks up by the 
way. So more than ordinary black is the Spanish ink at this 
day, and the mouths of two too many, loud ones too, much of 
the same dye. 

This King, by what I can collect, as crazy as he is, may rub 
out many years : his Majesty eats and drinks ordinarily with 
a very good stomach, I am told, three comfortable meals a 
day ; and fall of merry discourse, when and where his lined 
robe of Spanish royal gravity is laid aside. 

Some discourse begins to be of swearing the Prince. The 
sending the Infanta this spring to her Imperial Crown is abso- 
lutely concluded, say the most, and some say no. Certain it is, 
o 5 



298 CORRESPONDENCE OF 

(the ceremony of this kingdom requiring it,) that a Cardinal iu 
the spiritual, and some very great lay-person in the temporal, 
should be joint conductors of her Imperial Majesty ; for the 
first, Cardinal Colonna, a vassal born of this Crown, cliosen 
by the Pope, is now actually entered in this Court to the same 
^nd; and for the second, the Duke of Cardona, invited there- 
unto by his Catholic Majesty, after many great ones, namely, 
the Duke of Alva and Montaldo, had refused or excused it, 
hath publicly accepted the charge. 

By this latter hangs a story. Your Lordship well knows, 
that in these more civilized countries, no man will go upon his 
master's errand without a reward beforehand (so the Marquis 
of Sande, the Conde de Molina, and others - innumerable,) 
therefore his Catholic Majesty, even after acceptance as a 
thing of course, was graciously pleased to bid the said Duke 
of Cardona propose for himself, referring him for that pur- 
pose to the Duke's friend, the Conde de Castrillo, President 
of Castile. The Duke tells the Conde he must have three 
things granted him in hand, else would he not budge a foot. 
* What are those V said the Conde, in some disorder. ' First,' 
said the Duke, ' I will be made a grandee of Spain,' and his 
Excellency is so, I take it three or four times over : ' Secondly, 
I will have the Toison/ he has it long since : ' Thirdly, the 
Conde de Chinchon shall treat me with Excellency.' The 
riddle of this is, that the said Conde de Chinchon, being no 
Grandee, and nominated for Ambassador Ordinary to the 
Emperor, though since excused of going, for want of health, 
or other allegations, doth, upon that account alone, during 
life, according to the style of this Court, remain with the title 
of Excellency. This action of the Duke of Cardona is here 
very much celebrated, and the saying little less." — Ibid 
p. 420. 



SIR RICHARD FANSHA.WE. 299 



TO THE KING. 

[See Memoirs, p. 214.] 
Madrid, Monday, 6th of February, 1664-5, O. S. 

" May it please your Majesty, 
" The bearer hereof, Mr. Charles Bertie, son to the Earl of 
Lmdsey, having done me the honour, together with other gen- 
tlemen of rank and personal worth, to afford me his company 
out of England hitherto, and now with them homewards bound 
by the way of France ; I find myself encouraged by the op- 
portunity of so noble a hand for conveyance, to give your Ma- 
jesty this first immediate troulDle of any lines of mine, since I 
had last the happiness to kiss that of your Majesty, as well to 
throw myself, in all humility, at your royal feet, as to render 
very briefly a faithful character of this young : gentleman, in 
a more particular manner, whose virtues and extraordinary 
qualities, the former not lost, the latter acquired with 
much travels at few years, do no whit degenerate from the 
rfobility of his blood, and active loyalty of his progenitors ; 
my duty to your Majesty, as well as my aff'ection to his per- 
son, obliging me ex officio to this short testimony of his merits 
unrequested, to the end so hopeful a branch of that house may 
not want even this means among others, of being early known 
to his Sovereign, I could humbly wish I could add, his master 
too, and that in some near degree of service to your sacred 
person, for the present, in order to public employment for the 
future ; towards which, as years shall increase, and occasions 
be ministered, he is already furnished, in a very good measure, 
with two principal and proper gifts, that of tongues, and that 



300 CORRESPONDENCE OF 

of observation. But I forget to whom I speak, for which most 
humbly begging your royal pardon, I crave leave to subscribe 
myself," he— Ibid. p. 437. 



TO MR. SECRETARY BENNET. 

Madrid, Tuesday, If April, 1665. 

" This King, with the Queen and Empress, have now been 
Hlmost a fortnight at Aranjuez, to their great content, and also 
of this Court, to hear his Majesty is so vigorous there, as at 
one time to have set on horseback a matter of three hours, and 
in that posture to have killed a wolf from his own hands ; 
whereas, before his going hence, it was doubted by many whe- 
ther he had sufficient health and strength to perform the jour- 
ney, though but seven leagues, in a coach or litter, and that in 
two days. The little Prince remains here in the palace, as far 
as I can learn, ;iothing so lively as his father ; pray God he 
prove so lasting ! 

In this interim, Don John de Austria hath had leave to re- 
side at a house within two leagues of Aranjuez, and from 
thence stepping over to get a sight of his Majesty, which he 
did. The ceremony between them was very short, and yet 
all that passed was ceremony ; Como venis P Como estays ? 
Dios OS guarde, S^c. with which his Highness departed to the 
Queen and Empress, and from thence to whence he came, 
after the same brief ceremony ; only the Queen and Empress 
sent him each of them a jewel for a present." — Harkian MSS. 
7010, f. 239. 



SIR RICHARD FANSHAWE. 301 

TO LORD ARLINGTON. 

[See Memoirs, p. 219.] 

Madrid, Wednesday, August 1665. 

" My last to your Lordship of this day was a sennight, 
made mention of a conference I was to have the Friday fol- 
lowing with the Duke of Medina de las Torres, but it hap- 
pened the same Wednesday night I fell so extremely sick as 
forced me on Thursday to send my excuse to his Excellency, 
continuing my bed all that day, and since my house, though, 
I thank God, with some amendment daily, and now to such a 
competent degree of health and strength, that upon Friday next 
I hope our meeting will hold. 

In the mean time, upon occasion of my wife's being brought 
to bed, on Sunday, the Duke hath been with me to give me 
the joy of my son, yet so as not to mingle therewith one word 
of business, making that expressly a piece of the compliment; 
the rest consisting of great riches of jewels upon his person, 
and extraordinary splendour of equipage." — Ihid. f. 346. 



TO LORD ARLINGTON. 

[See Memoirs, p. 220.] 

Madrid, Thursday,^ September, 1665. 

" My letter to your Lordship, delivered his Catholic Ma- 
jesty, King Philip the Fourth, in a condition utterly deplored 
by most, though with a little spark of hope in some, even phy- 



302 CORRESPONDENCE OF 

sicians, upon a lightening that showed itself before death as it 
proved, his Majesty giving up the ghost this morning between 
four and five of the clock, witnessed immediately by all the bells 
in the town; this being somewhat observable in my opinion, 
that neither his Majesty's sickness, nor his death, was con- 
cealed one moment from the people. Some care is taken that 
the news thereof shall not be sent out of these kingdoms till it 
hath first gone by their own Correos, stopping all others. 

In observation of the custom which ought to be observed in 
like cases, the Council of the Chamber of Castile met to open 
his ]\Iajesty's testament, which he left closed ; the which ac- 
cordingly was opened and read before the President and said 
Council, by Don Blasco de Loyola, Secretary of the Universal 
Dispatch : this was done at eleven of the clock this forenoon. 
His Majesty left the Queen declared Governess of his king- 
doms, assisted by four counsellors ex-qfficio, viz. the Arch- 
bishop of Toledo, that is or shall be ; the President of Castile, 
that is or shall be ; the Vice-Chancellor of Arragon, that is or 
shall be ; the management of the kingdom, in like cases, be- 
longing, by ancient laws of the kingdom, to these three dig- 
nities, though his Majesty should omit to name them; and the 
Inquisitor-General, that is or shall be : he is introduced by a 
new law. His Majesty added to this number of four, two 
more, one for a Grandee of Spain, which is the Marquis of 
Aytona ; and the other, who is the Conde de Penaranda, for 
Counsellor of State. His Majesty left for executors of this 
his will, the Duke of Medina de las Torres, Fray Juan Mar- 
tinez, who was his Majesty's confessor, and the Marquis de 
Velada. 

Don John of Austria came post from Consuegra, soliciting 
to see his Majesty by the means of the President of Castile, 
who, telling his Majesty that Don John desired his blessing, 



SIR RICHARD FANSHAWE. 303 

His Majesty answered, ' He had not called him, and that he 
should return presently ;' which he did, as soon the King ex- 
pired. This as to the seeing him at the King's hour of death ; 
but for all that, it is said, his Majesty had already so far re- 
membered him in his will as to recommend therein to the 
Queen and her assistants, his son Don John of Austria, to re- 
gard him and employ him, and if the means he hath be not 
found sufficient for his support, to augment the same some 
other way.* 

It is said it will not be necessary to make more ceremony 
for the giving of obedience to the new King Charles the Se- 
cond, than with a banner upon the tower of St. Salvador, to 
proclaim, " Castilla, Castilla por el Rey Don Carlos Segondo 
nuestro Serior /" and this ought to be done by the Conde de 
Chinchon, unto whom, being Regidor of Madrid, it belongs to 
execute the said ceremony. 

They have embalmed his Majesty, and found in one of his 
kidneys a stone of the bigness of a chesnut, in the other 
kind of thin web. They put his dead body, open-faced, with 
the state accustomed, in the great gilded hall of the Palace ; 
and upon Saturday, at night, will carry it to the Escurial to be 
interred in the incomparable Pantheon there, begun by his 
grandfather, carried on by his father, and finished by himself 
in his life-time, to a ninth wonder, if the Escurial be the 
eighth, as the Spaniards term it." — Ibid. f. 387. 

* In the margin, Sir Richard has written, " Sic transit gloria mnndi." 



304 CORRESPONDRNCE OF 



TO LORD ARLINGTON. 

Madrid, Wednesday, % October, 1665. 

•"28 

" This evening I have had audience of the young King ; 
giving him, in our Master's name, first the pesame, and then 
the parabien of the time. On Friday, begin the honras of the 
King, his father ; after which, and, as I do believe, on the 5th 
of the next month, because it is the King's birth-day, the 
Queen %vill give her first audience to Ambassadors ; none 
having yet seen her Majesty but the German, and he in his 
private capacity." — Ibid. f. 415. 



FROM LORD SANDWICH TO SIR RICHARD PANSHAWE. 

[See Memoirs, p. 232.] 

La Coruna, March ?^ 1666. 

' 30, 

" My Lord, 

" Being arrived at this place through necessity of the wea- 
ther, which put us off from Santander, whither we were de- 
signed, I find it requisite to give speedy notice thereof to 
Madrid, and in the first place to your Excellency; hoping 
this letter will have the good fortune to meet you there, and 
if it do, I then beseech you, either from yourself to give no- 
tice to the Court of my arrival, or direct this gentleman, Mr. 
Weeden, of whom I have great esteem, to deliver the letter he 
hath from me to the Secretary of State, a copy whereof is 



SIR RICHARD FANSHAWE. 305 

here enclosed, if your Excellency doth not think fit that the 
same be signified to the Court both ways. I also farther en- 
treat your favour in sending me such advice for my journey, 
and procuring me such helps and furtherances therein, as may 
enable me to accomplish it with most expedition. Mr. Wee- 
den is fully instructed in the condition of my retinue and car- 
riage ; and as the affairs of both Crowns, the time of the year, 
and other circumstances considered, require much haste to be 
made in this negotiation, so the particular interest of the King 
our Master, needs as speedy a meeting as can be between 
your Excellency and me, which I pray to have in your mind, 
and contrive in the best manner you can. In the meantime, 
as soon as anything is concluded by you fit for my notice, I 
pray you to despatch Mr. Weeden back to me, whether I re- 
main in this place, or shall be on my way to Madrid. I have 
not more to say unto you fit for a letter, but to desire you to 
present my most humble service to my noble Lady, and that 
you would believe that I come with that respect and resolu- 
tion of doing you a service, and of expressing myself upon all 

occasions, 

My Lord, 

Your Excellency's most humble servant, 

Sandwich." — Ibid. 



TO LORD SANDWICH. 

Madrid, April i 1( 



il) 



" My wife returns many humble services to your Excellency, 
hoping my good Lady's health ; and likewise to be sooner 
happy in waiting upon her than your Excellency, as, taking 



306 CORRESPONDENCE OF 

her leave this very day hereof of the Queen and Empress, 
bound for England, at her good old father's long importunities, 
to have his dear daughter and all her children rest with him 
before he dies." — Ibid. 



FROM LORD SANDWICH TO SIR RICHARD FANSHAWE. 

(original.) 



" It is my great misfortune that I am like to miss of the 
happiness of kissing my good lady's hand at Madrid, to whom 
my wife and I are so infinitely obliged. The best satisfaction 
I can have next, is to hear that her ladyship hath good health 
and prosperity on her journey; which I most heartily wish, 
as 1 do all sorts of occasions, whereby to express unto her 
ladyship and yourself with what fidelity, I am, 
My Lord, 

Your Excellency's most humble and most obedient Servant, 

Sandwich." — Ibid. 



TO THE LORD CHANCELLOR. 

Madrid, Thursday, ij April, 1666. 



29 



" The Empress, married by proxy, which was the Duke de 
Medina de las Torres, upon Sunday last, did yesterday begin 
her journey from this Court towards Vienna. Her Imperial 



SIR RICHARD FANSHAWE. 307 

Majesty carried along with her a vast treasure in money, plate, 
and jewels ; so, in that respect, will much enfeeble this sum- 
mer's preparation against Portugal : in another regard the 
despatch of that great affair out of the way, which hath wholly 
taken up these Councils in pro\ and corHs for many months 
past, hath left them at liberty to prosecute with the more 
vigour this war." — Ih'id. 



TO SIR PHILIP WARWICK. 

Madrid, 3rd of May, 1666, s. n. 



DEAR BROTHER, 



" There was due to me on 6th of March last past, upon my 
ordinary entertainment, the sum of two thousand pounds, of 
which I have not yet received one shilling, notwithstanding that 
I was forced to run myself in debt for my late journey to Portu- 
gal ; as I have written long since to my Lord Arlington, re- 
questing I might, by his Lordship's means, obtain a particular 
Privy Seal for the reimbursement of my laying-out therein, as 
was promised when that case should arrive. 

Moreover, I have both pawned and sold plate for my pre- 
sent subsistence, and if immediately I do not receive a sup- 
ply of all that is due to me upon amount of ordinaries, the 
which I do hopefully expect upon former addresses to that 
purpose, I cannot subsist longer in this Court, nor yet know 
how to remove out of it, if such should be his Majesty's or- 
ders of revocation, by my Lord of Sandwich : a thing intimated 
to me here by more than common persons, whether with or 
without ground I cannot say, having not heard one word from 



308 CORRESPONDENCE OF 

any Minister of our Court for the space of above seven weeks 
last past, or concerning myself anything out of England, save 
what I read in a London diurnal, that letters from me out of 
Portugal, by sea, signifying my then immediate return for 
Madrid, were come to hand. The like whereof having never 
happened to me before, so much as for a fortnight's time, I 
am utterly to seek what to impute it to, unless it be inter- 
ceptings in France since the war hath been declared. In the 
meantime, it puts me to a great confusion in many respects, 
particularly for the want of monies ; and thus farther I crave 
leave to inform you upon the same point, which is, that if my 
brother Tumor's kindness had not advanced out of his own 
purse, to comply with my bills, above a thousand pounds, be- 
fore he received the last tallies on my behalf, whereof I have not 
had any notice, I had been reduced to yet greater extremities 
than these I am contending with. 

Having thus delivered the truth of my condition in matter of 
fact, I presume there will need nothing farther of argument, 
with so good a friend and brother, to quicken and keep alive 
your constant endeavours for me, or indeed with such others 
whose concurrence is necessary to render your brotherly 
offices effectual, to afford the same accordingly, upon the 
mere account of our Master's honour and service, without 
other relation to the person that bears his image in this 
particular. 

I pray you, as you have done hitherto, permit my brother 
Tumor to remind you of these things as often as occasion shall 
require. 

My Lord Sandwich, according to our computation here, 
will begin his journey towards us to-morrow from the Comnna, 
and if his Excellency makes no stop by the way will arrive in 



SIR RICHARD FANSHAWE. 309 

this Court about twenty days hence, hardly sooner. I rest, 
dear brother, your most affectionate brother and faithful 
servant, 

Richard Fanshawe." — Ibid. 



TO HIS MAJESTY. 

Madrid, Thursday, 3rd of June, 1666, stilo loci. 

" May it please your Most Excellent Majesty, 
" By the hands of my Lord of Sandwich, who arrived in 
this Court, upon Friday last, was delivered to me a letter of 
Revocation from your Majesty, directed to the Queen Regent; 
and at the same time another, with which your Majesty ho- 
noured me for myself, implying the principal, if not the only, 
motive of the former to have been, some exceptions that had 
been made to the papers which I signed with the Duke of 
Medina de las Torres, upon the 17th of December last past ;* 
a consideration sufficient to have utterly cast down a soul less 
sensible than hath ever been mine of your Majesty's least 
show of displeasure, though not accompanied with other pu- 
nishments, if your Majesty, according to the accustomed ten- 
derness of your royal disposition, in which you excel all 
monarchs living, to comfort an old servant to your Majesty, 
had not yourself broken the blow in the descent, by this gra- 
cious expression in the same letter : That I may assure myself, 

* Sir Richard Fanshawe wrote in the margin of the rough transcript, 
" Relating to the Commerce of this Crown, and the establishing a Truce be- 
tween these and Portugal." 



310 CORRESPONDENCE OF 

your Majesty believes I proceeded in the articles signed by 
me, as aforesaid, with integrity and regard to your royal ser- 
vice, and that I may be farther assured the same will justify 
me towards your Majesty, whatever exceptions may have been 
made to my papers. 

In obedience to your Majesty's letter above-mentioned, I 
make account, God willing, to be upon my way towards Eng- 
land some time next month ; having in the interim performed 
to my Lord Sandwich, as I hope I shall to full satisfaction, 
those offices which your Majesty commands me in the same ; 
whose royal person, council, and undertakings, God Al- 
mighty preserve and prosper many years ; the daily fervent 
prayer of 

Your Majesty's ever loyal subject, ever faithful and most 
obedient servant, 

Richard Fanshawe." 



FROM LYONEL FANSHAWE, ESQ, TO JOSEPH 
WILLIAMSON, ESQ. 

[See Memoirs, p. 239.] 

Madrid, Thursday, - June, 1666. 

" My Lord having been taken with a very sharp fit of sick- 
ness two days since, and not yet being well able either to 
write or dictate a letter himself, hath commanded me to en- 
treat you, that you will please to present his most humble ser- 
vice to my Lord Arlington, and beseech his Lordship to excuse 
his not writing by this post. 



SIR RICHARD FANSHAWE. 311 

The Empress is said not to be yet embarked, though there 
are thirty galleys ready to attend her in her voyage. 

My Lord of Sandwich hath not, as yet, had his first public 
audience. Sir Robert Southwell intends, within a day or two, 
to begin his journey for Portugal." — Ihid. 



THE FORM OF A PRAYER USED BY MY LORD'S CHAPLAIN, IN 
THE DAILY SERVICE IN HIS EXCELLENCY'S CHAPEL IN 
PORTUGAL AND SPAIN. 

Blessed God, we beseech thee to be propitious in a singular 
manner to my good Lord, his Excellency, His Majesty's Am- 
bassador in this kingdom ; preserve him unto us in health and 
strength, and grant that he may so manage those weighty affairs 
he is employed in, that the issue of his negotiation may be to 
thy glory, the satisfaction of our Sovereign, and the mutual 
good and benefit of all his subjects and allies. Bless his most 
virtuous Lady ; indue her with the blessings of this life, and 
that to come ; make his children thy children, his servants thy 
servants, that this family may be a Bethel, a house of God ; 
that we, all serving thee with one accord here on earth, may 
for ever glorify thee in Heaven. Amen. 



A PRAYER used IN THE DAILY SERVICE OF THE CHAPEL, 
AFTER THE DEATH OF HIS EXCELLENCY THE LORD AM- 
BASSADOR. 

Blessed God, which suppliest the wants and relieves! the 
troubles of thy servants, be particularly gracious to this family, 
and here, in a special manner, bless my most virtuous Lady, 



312 FORM OF PRAYER. 

and give her patience under thy hand, submitting to thy will, 
and contentedness under every change ; and we beseech thee 
so continually to assist her in the course of her life, that she 
may experimentally find thee a God all-sufficient, though the 
helps of this world fail : make her children thy children ; be- 
stow upon them thy choicest blessings, who hath promised to 
be a father to the children's children of those that trust in thee; 
make her servants thy servants, that this family may be a Be- 
thel, a house of God ; that we, all serving thee with one accord 
here on earth, may for ever hereafter glorify thee in Heaven. — 
Amen, 



INDEX. 



Albersan, Marquess of, 273. 

Albuquerque, Duke of, 167, 168. 171, 172. 231. 234. 237, 23H. 

262. 264, 265, 266. 

, Duchess of, 170, 171, 172. 231. 234» 

Alcala, Duchess of, 174, 175, 176. 277. 

, Duke of, 174, 175, 176. 178. 

Alcantara, Abadessa of, 143. 

Alguazil, an, 230. 

Alhambra, near Grenada, description of, 100. 

Allington, Sir Giles, 44. 

Alonzo, Don, 202. 

Alston, Lady, 50. 

Alva, Duke of, 205. 235. 298. ' 

, Princess, 219. 

Ambassador of France, 188, 189, 190. 277, 278, et seq. 

of Venice, 194. 281. 283. 285, 286. 

Ambassadors of various nations, 286, 287, et seq, 

Anecdotes, various, 92. 146. 148. 157. 294. 298. 

Aposentadores, 270. 285. 

Apsley, Sir Alan, 71. 

Araiia, Juan, a celebrated Spanish Comedian, 204. 

Aranjuez, description of, 195, 

Archer, Judge, 85. 

Arlington, Lord, 244. 246, 247. 301. 

Arms, custom of escutcheons of those of Ambassadors' being ieft 

where they lodged vs^hilst on their journeys, 138. 
, grant of additional, to Sir Richard Fansha^e, 117. 



314 



INDEX. 



Anagon, Vice Chancellor, of, 221. 302. 
Ashburnham, Mr. John, 79. 229. 
Ashton, James, 233. 

Aston, , 54. 

• -Lord, 3. 61. 

Askew, , murdered at Madrid, 103. 207. 

Attenchip, , 233. 

Aveiros, Duchess of, 230. 233. 

, Duke of, 142. 230. 242. 272. 

Aubigny, Lady, 67. 

Austria, Don John of, 149. 236. 300. 302, 303. 

, Donna Anna of, 220. 

Aya, the King's, 226. 232. 

• , the Empress's, 238. 

Ayala, Don Francisco de, 205. 208. 
Aylesbury, Sir Thomas, 132. 
Ayloffe, Sir Richard, 252. 

, Sir Benjamin, 41. 

Aytona, Marquess of, 219. 221- 228. 302. 

Bagshaw, Mr. a Chaplain, 219. 229. 243. 246. 
Baker, Sir John, 59. 

Balfoure, , 236. 

Ballecas, near Madrid, residence at, 180. 186. 275. 

Bamberge, Dr. 56. 

Baron, notice of a, being made by Charles I. 146. 

Barton, Sir Thomas, 156. 

Basset, Sir Francis, 73. 

Bath, Earl of, 38. 

Batha, Richard, 241. 

Bathurst, Dr. 116. 121. ^ 

Battevil, Baron, 271. 

Bayona, Marquess of, 175. 177. 266. 

, Marquesa de, 175, 176. 266. 

Beaufort, Duke of, 244 
Beale, Dr. 59 
Eeir^ond, family of, 54. 



INDEX. 315 



Bedell, 252. 

, Lady, 13. 81. 117. 252. 

, Sir Capell, 49. 60, 117. 

, Mr. 232. 

Bedford, Earl of, 61. 

Bell, Dr. 102. 

Benevente, Countess of, 237 et seq. 

Bennet, Mr. Secretary, Letters to, 261. et sei^. 

, Sir Henry, 160. 

, Nathaniel, 233. 

, Nicholas, 233. 

Berkeley, John Lord, 61. 79. 

, Captain, 165. 173. 

Berkshire, Earl of, 63. 77. 

Bertie, Mr. Charles, 164. 188. 214, 299. 

Beverley, John, 233. 

Blazing Stars, seen at Madrid, 203. 217. 295, 296. 

Bluet, Captain, 73. 

Boddie, Mr. 232. 

Bohemia, Queen of, 129. 

Booth, Mr. 126. 

Boreman, Mr. 233. 

Boteler, Sir William, 49. 58. 78. 

, Sir Oliver, 49. 

, Lady, 58. 78. 121. 

, Sir Francis, 161. 

Bourchier, Alice, 38. 
Boyle, Dean, 9, 86. 
Bradford, Lady, 65. 

, Earl of, 63. 77. 

Braem, Sir Arnold, 131. 156. 

, Jacob, 131. 

Bridgewood, Mr. 143. 
Bridges, Mr. 232. 

Briggs, 233. 

Bristol, Earl of, 46. 128. 133. 

, plague at, 70. 

P 2 



316 INDEX. 

Broanbricke, Dr. 56. 
Brounker, Robert, 39. 

•, Viscount, 39. 

Brown, Lady, 112. 

, Sir Richard, 112. 

■ , Josias, 233. 

Buckingham, Duke of, 133. 

Buckwell, Alderman, 252. 

Buen Retiro, near jNIadrid, description of, 196. 

Bull Feasts, 151. 183. 185. 218.270,271. 

Bumstead, Mr. 229. 

Burton, John, 243. 

Butler, Thomas, 39, 40. 

Byde, Sir Thomas, 253. 

Caballero de el Habito, 262. 

Cadiz, reception of Sir Richard Fanshawe at, 166, el sej. 262, e/ sej. 

, Cabildoof, 262. 

, Governor of, 166. 

Caernarvon, Earl of, 61. 

Camarera, Mayor, 193, 194. 219. 226. 232. 237. 

Cambridge, Duke of, 247. 

Camden, the Historian, cited, 41. 

Camoens translated by Sir Richard Fanshawe, 13. 119. 

Campbell, Lady, 49. 

CaiTas, Juego de, 183. 270. 

Canterbury, Archbishop of, 159. 162. 

-, Dean of, 156. 

Capell, Lady, 65. 71. 

, Lord, 6, 63, 76. 

Caracena, Marquess of, 218. 
Cardona, Duke of, 298. 
Carew, Mr. 241. 
Carey, Sir George, 120. 
Carteret, Sir Philip, 75. 

, Sir George, 75. 

— , Lady, 75. 



INDEX. 317 

Carniona, description of the city of, 269. 

Castel Mellor, Roderigo, Conde de, 151, 152. 154. 227. 273. 

, Marquess of, 151. 

Castleton, Lord, 45. 
Castile, Conde de, 220. 

, President of, 205. 208. 22a. 280. 291. 298.302. 

, Almirante of, 234. 

Castrillo, Conde de, 273. 298. 
Cavendish, Lady Mary, 135, 136. 
Ceremony, disputes about, 276, et seq. 
Chancellor, The, 6. 
Charles I. King, 35. 83. 
Charles II. King, passim. 

Pictures of, 132. 137. 

Chaumond, Mr. Joseph, 233. 

Chinchon, Conde de, 298. 303. 

Church, Mr. 245. 

Churchill, Mr. 233. 

Clancarty, Lord, 90. 

Clarendon, Lord, 14, 15, 16. 18. 123. 129. 132. 150. 159. 226. 

Clarke, Mr. 232. 

Cockaine, Sir William, 44. 

Cole, Mr. 251. 

Colepeper, Colonel, 156, 157. 

, Lord, 63. 76, 77. 82. 

Colman, Charlotte, 30. 
Colonna, Cardinal, 298. 
Combos, Don Juan, 292. 
Comet. See Blazing Star. 
Compton, Sir Francis, 253. 
Congro, Don Juan de, 215. 
Consul, English, at Cadiz, 165. 170. 

, at Seville, 179. 181. 

Cooke, Mr. 233. : 

Cooper, Richard, 233. 

, Mr. 219. 229. 241. 246. 

Copley, Colonel, 78. 



318 INDEX. 

Cordova, reception at, 183. 269. 

, Corregidor of, 183. 269. 

Cork, Earl of, 104. 

Cornwall, description of, 71. 

Coronation of Charles II. 133. 

Corps, Sumiller de, 223, 224. 

Cotterel, Mr. 232. 

Cottington, Lord, 90. 103. 

Court, not the custom for women to attend a king's or prince's 

court, 70. 
Coventry, Sir William, 248. 
Creighton, Mr. 229. 243. 246. 
Crispe, Sir Nicholas, 73. 

Cromwell, Oliver, 13. 87, 88, 89. 91. 94. 116. 122. 207. 
Cropley Bridge, Skirmish at, 78. 
Crown, Mr. 233. 
Cueva, Don Melchor de la, 167, 168. 170, 171. 

, Donna Maria de la, 234. 

Curwen, family of, 54. 
Cutler, Sir John, 160. 

Danby, Lady, 83. 
Daniel, Andrew, 233. 
Davies, Sir John, 39. 

, Alexander, 158. 

Denham, Lady, 114. 

Dennis, , 233. 

Digby, Sir Kenelm, 8. 83, 84. 

Dingwall, Lord, 50. 

Dongan, Lord and Lady, 177, 178. 182. 

Downing, Sir George, 295. 

Dublin, Archbishop of, 86. 

Dutch fleet, defeat of the, 219. 

Earle, Dr. 139. 

Eates, Mr. 78. 

Edgcombe, Sir Richard, 140, 141. 

, Lady, 140. 



INDEX. 319 

Edgehill, battle of, 43. 

Emperor, the, 220. 

Empress, the, 192. 194. 203, 204. 220. 225. 227. 235 to 238. 280. 
287.306,307.311. 

Emperor's Ambassador, 287. 

, wife of the, 202. 214, 215. 

Escurial, description of the, 196, et seq. 292. 

, Prior of the, 223, 224. 

Essex, Earl of, 53. 70. 

Etiquette, disputes about, between the various Ambassadors at Ma- 
drid, 276, et seq. 

Eton, Provost of, 138. 

Evelyn, Sir John, 44. 

Evora, battle of, 149, 150. 

" Excellency," the title of, not used by well-bred Frenchmen, 286, 
claimed by the Duke of Cardona, 298. 

Exeter, Earl of, 42, 43. 

Eyes, Rowland, 38. 

Eyres, Mr. 229. 

Ezija, town of, called the * frying pan ' of Andaluzia, 269. 

Fanshawe, pedigree of, and biographical particulars of the family 
of, 36, 37. 40. 49. ; the motto of the family alluded to, 253. 

Fanshawe, Sir Richard, description of his person, 33 ; early life, 
59 ; various anecdotes of, 60. 62 ; attends the King to Oxford, 
62 ; appointed Secretary of the Council of War, 63 ; attends 
Prince Charles to Bristol, 64; goes to Launceston, 71; to 
Scilly, 73 ; to Jersey, 75 ; to Caen, 77 ; to London, 78 ; to 
France, 80 ; returns to England, ih. ; attends the Prince in the 
Downs, 82 ; goes to Paris, 83 ; accompanies Lady Fanshawe to 
Calais, ih. ; goes to the Prince in Holland, and thence to Ire- 
land, 85 ; sent to Spain upon an embassy, 90 ; went to Lime- 
rick, 90 ; made a freeman of lamerick, ih. ; entrusted with the 
custody of the Seals of Ireland, 91 ; gives the Seals to Lord In- 
ch iquin, 93 ; arrives at Madrid, 102 ; goes to St. Sebastian, and 
thence to France, 102 ; arrives in Scotland, and graciously re- 
ceived by the King, 110; made Keeper of the Seals, ib, ; re- 
fuses to take the Covenant, ih. ; taken prisoner at the battle of 



320 INDEX. 

Worcester, 113; his destination afterwards, 114; imprisoned at 
Whitehall, 115; becoming dangerously ill, is released on bail, 
117; notice of a grant of additional arms to him, «^.; again taken 
ill, 118 ; goes to Bath, and thence to Benford, in Hertfordshire, 
and afterwards takes a house in TankerslyPark, belonging to Lord 
Strafford, 118; translated Lues de Camoens, 119; went to 
France, 123 ; has an interview with the King at Paris, and is 
sent to Flanders, 128 ; commanded to wait on the King in his 
own ship at the Restoration, 130 ; arrives at Dover, 131 ; re- 
ceives from the hands of his Majesty a picture of the King set 
with diamonds, 132 ; attends the coronation of Charles II. 133 ; 
commanded to act as Chancellor of the Garter, ib. ; Proxy for 
the Earl of Bristol, at an installation of the Order, ib. ; receives 
the New Years' gifts belonging to his places as Master of Re- 
quests, and Secretary of the Latin tongue, 134 ; sent on a mission 
to Portugal, ib. ; returns, ib. ; made Privy Counsellor of Ireland, 
135 ; sent to welcome the Queen on her arrival in England, and 
present at her marriage, 135, 136 ; receives from the King his 
3Iajesty's picture, 137 ; embarks on an embassy for Portugal, 
141 ; returns from his Portuguese embassy, 155; made a Privy 
Counsellor, 159: goes to Spain on an embassy, 164 ; his audience 
of Philip IV. 278; his public reception at Madrid, 189 ; insists 
on the privilege of Ambassadors, 205 ; signs the treaty of peace 
between England and Spain, 227 ; goes to Portugal, 228 ; re- 
turns to Madrid, 231 ; dies, 239 ; his body embalmed, and sent 
to England, 241 ; buried, 246 ; extracts from his correspondence, 
261 ; his extreme poverty, 308 ; his letter to the King on his re- 
call, 309. 
. ,. , Lady, birth of, 50 ; her mother's death and funeral. 



with an extraordinary anecdote of her, 50, 51 ; education of, 55 ; 
early life, 56, 57 ; marriage, 58 ; her first son born, 64 ; goes to 
Bristol, 66; anecdotes of, 66. 68. 71. 73, 74. 87. 89. 98. 124; 
goes to Launceston, 71 ; to Penzance, 72 ; to Scilly, 74 ; to 
Jersey, 75 ; her second child born, 76 ; goes to Caen, 77 ; re- 
turns to England, 78 ; her son Henry born, ib. ; interview witli 
King Charles I. 79 ; goes to France, 80 ; another son born, 81 ; 
returns to London, ib. ; goes to Paris 82 ; returns to England, 



INDEX. Si^l 

84 ; goes to her husband in Ireland, 85 ; loses her son Henry, 
87 ; meets with an accident, ib. ; her escape from Red Abbey, 
near Cork, 89 ; accompanies her husband to Spain, 90 ; her cou- 
rageous conduct at sea, when threatened by a Turkish man of 
war, 98 ; lands at Malaga, 99 ; arrives at Madrid, 13th April, 
1650, 102 : her eldest daughter Elizabeth born, ih.; embarks at 
St. Sebastian for Nantz, 104 ; in great danger at sea, 105 ; arrives 
at Nantz, and thence goes by the Loire to Paris, 107 ; visits the 
Queen-mother and the Princess Henrietta, 108 ; settles in London, 
112 ; her daughter born, ib.; her devotion to her husband whilst 
he was a prisoner at Whitehall, 115 ; obtains his release, 116 j her 
daughter Katherine born, 118; her daughter Margaret born, 119 ; 
loses her daughter Anne, ib. ; another daughter born, 120 ; her 
daughter Mary born, 121 ; loses her daughter Elizabeth, ib. ; 
goes to Bath, 122 ; escapes to her husband in France, 124 ; a son 
born, 125 ; loses her only surviving son, 127 ; interview with the 
King near Paris, 128 ; returns privately to London for money^ 
ib. ; follows her husband to Newport, Bruges, Ghent, and Brus- 
sels, ib. ; very graciously received by the King and royal family at 
Brussels, 129 ; at the Restoration, the King orders a fiigate to con- 
vey her family to England, 130 ; congratulates the King on his 
arrival, 131 ; loses her daughter Mary, 132 ; her daughter Eliza- 
beth born, 134 ; waits on the Queen, 136 ; embarks with her hus- 
band and children for Portugal, 141 ; reception at the Court of 
Lisbon, 145 ; her son Richard born and dies, 151 ; returns to 
England, 155; audience of the Queen, 161 ; takes leave of the 
Queen, 163 ; accompanies her husband in his embassy to Madrid, 
164 ; obtains an audience of the Queen of Spain, &c. 193 ; visits 
the Escurial, 196 ; her son Richard born, 219 ; goes to see the body 
of Philip IV. lie in state, 221 ; went to the Placa Mayor to see 
King Charles proclaimed, 225 ; takes leave of the Court, intending 
to return to England, 233, 306 ; loses her husband, 239 ; invited to 
become a Catholic, with a promise of a pension, 242 ; interview 
with the Queen-mother at Paris, 245 ; arrives in London, 246 ; 
waits on the King, Queen, &c. 247 j settles her affairs, 251 ; loses 
her father, 255; her will, 26, 27. 
Fanshawe, Lionel, 310. 



i 



322 INDEX. 

Fanborne, Mr. 77. 
Farnaby, Mr. 59. 
Ferrer, 233. 

, Mr. William, 233. 

Ferrers, , 81. 

Ferrers, Knitton, 44, 45. 

Feme. See Terne. 

Fernando, Don, 101. 

Fleet, the royal, betrayed to the enemy, 82. 

France, King of, 244. 

, Queeen of, 220. 

, Ambassador of, insists on sending his coach, &c. at the 

reception of the English embassy at Madrid, 189. 277. 
Frecheville, Lord, 158. 
Freyer, Mr. 246. 

Frog Pool, now Frognall, in Kent,theseatof Sir Philip Warwick, 252. 
Fuentes, description of the town of, 182. 

, Marquis of, 182. 217. 269. 

Funeral of the King of Spain, description of, 220 to 224. 

Galway, plague at, 93. 

Garter, Chancellorship of the, 133. 

, an Installation of the, 133. 

Caspar el Negro, 233 

Gateley, Mr. 233. 

German Ambassador, 234, 235. 238. 242. 

Ghost story, a, 92. 

Gibbs, Mr. 232. \, ' 

Gibson, Thomas, 233. 

Glazed, a house ordered to be, for the reception of Sir Richard Fan- 

shawe, at St. Mary's, near Cadiz, 175. 
Gloucester, Duke of, 129. 
Goddard, Mr. 194. 
Godolphin, Mr. Francis, 188. 214. 232. 

, Sir Francis, K. B. 164. 

Goods, John, 233. 
Goring, Lord, 103. 



INDEX. 323 

Grandison, Viscount, 53. 254. 

Grantham, , 30. 

, Vincent, 29. 47. 

Granville, Sir John, 72. 
Grosvenor, Sir Thomas, 158. 
Guilford, Lady, 83. 244, 245. 
Guzman, Don Domingo, 273. 

Harding, Symon, 40. 
Harding, Bullock, 41. 
Haro, Don Louis de, 207. 273. 
Harris, Edward, 40. 

Harrison, , 305, 306. 

, account of the family of, 52 to 54. 

, Richard, 78. 

-, William, 56. 58. 

, Margaret, 85. 118. 

, Sir John, 4. 27. 46. 57, 58. 

Hatton, Sir Christopher, 41 . 

, Mr. 249. 

Hayward, Sir Rowland, 40. 
Heath, Lord Chief Justice, 112. 

, Sir Edward, 48. 

Heavers, Dr. 138. 

Hele, Sir John, 140. 

Hellow, Mr. 270. 290. 

Henchman, Dr. Bishop of Salisbury, 139. 

Henrietta, the Princess, daughter of Charles I. 83. 108. 

Herbert, Sir Charles, 275. 

, Lord, 139. 

Heydon, Mrs. 122. 
Hicks, Dean, 304. 
HUliard, Mrs. 305. 
Hippom, Mr. 54. 
Holland, Lord, 81. 
Holies, Lord, 275. 286. 
, Dr. 139. 



324 INDEX. 

Holmes, Captain, 154. 
Honywood, Sir Philip, 165. 
Hooton, Edward, 276. 
Hopton, Lord, 6. 63. 76. 

, Sir Arthur, 3. 61. 

Howlsworth, Dr. 50. 52. 56. 
Hyde, Mr. 50. 

, Sir Edward, 58. 63. 90. 109. 150. See Clarendon and 

Chancellor. 

Ibara, Don Diego de, 166. 

Inchiquin, Earl of, 10. 86. 93. 142. 

Infanta, Donna jMaria, the, 234. 297. See Empress. 

Inquisitor General, the, 221.297. 

Ireland, description of, 97. 

Ireland, family of, 54. 

Irvias, Count of, 186, 202. 

Isincessa, [Query Inojosa,] the Marchioness of, 193. 

Jarald, Mr. Richard, 233. 

Jeffreys, Mr. 233. 

Jeffries, Colonel, 87, 88. 

Jemett, Mr. 229. 241. 

Jersey, description of, 76. 

Jewel House, IVIaster of the, 162- 

Jewess, anecdote of, who was burnt, 156. 

Kerke, Mr. 233. 
Kestian, Mrs. 174. 219. 
Killegrew, William, 233. 
King, the. See Charles I. & II. 
, Captain, 165. 

, Sir Andrew, 164. 188. 214. 

Kingsmill, Sir William, 47. 
Knollys, Lady, 51. 

Lawrence, Anne, 30. 

Lavvson, Admiral Sir John, 165. 167. 172. 



INDEX. 325 

Lee, Sir Charles, 66. 

Lepanto, picture of the battle of, by Titian, 200, 

Lesley, Baron de, 235. 

Levingthorpe, Lady, 49. 

Libel on the Spanish Court, notice of a, 297. 

Liche, Marquess de, 217. 230. 

, Marchioness de, 214. 217. 233. 

Lilly the painter, 27. 

Limerick, Sir Richard Fanshawe made a freeman of, 90. 

, Mayor and Recorder of, 90. 

Linch, Mr. 233. 
Lindsey, Earl of, 164. 299. 
Lionne, Monsieur de, 286. 

Lisbon, public reception of Sir Richard Fanshawe at, 143 ; an in- 
surrection in, 149 ; description of, 155. 
, Archbishop of, 149. 
L'Isola, Baroness de, 230. 234. 
Lond, Mr. 233. 
London, news of the burning of, 245. 

, Bishop of, 46. 135. 255. 

Londonderry, Bishop of, 90. 
Long, Sir Robert, 63. 

, Mr. 70. 

Lorimer, Mr. 188. 

Low, , a surgeon, 81. 

Loyola, Don Blasco de, 302. 
Ludlow, Mr. 52. 
Lytton, Sir Rowland, 53. 

IVIadrid, reception of Sir Richard Fanshawe at, 188, 

— , Regidor of, 303. 

Mallard, Mr. 233. 

Malpica, Marquess of, 187. 189. 192. 277. 

Mar9in, Conde de, 187. 274. 

Marialva, Marquess of, 149. 

Marriage of Charles II. description of the ceremony of, 135. 

of the Infanta Donna Maria to the Emperor, by proxy. 

ceremony of the, 237. 



326 INDEX. 

Marsden, Rev. — — , 151. 

Martinez, Juan, 302. 

Masquerade on horseback, a, 296. 

Maurice, Prince, 87. 

Mayor, Lord, 162. 

Medina de las Torres, Duke de, 186, et seq. 267. 271. 280. 285. 

292. 293. 296. 301. 306. 309. 
, Duchess de, 187, el seq. 296. 



Cell, Duke of, 173, 174. 178. 262. 264, 265. 
Sidonia, Duke of, 143. 269. 293. 



Melham, Mr. 232. 

Mendoca, Don Lope de, 178. 183. 267. 

Blichelthite, Dr. 56. 

Middlesex, Countess of, 246. 

Mitchell, Henry, 233. 

Molina, Conde de, 178, 179. 182. 298. 

Montague, jNIr. Sidney, 233. 

, Colonel, 81. 

Montaldo, Duke of, 197. 292. 298. 
Monterey, Count de, 242. 
Moon, Captain, 165. 
Moore, Mr. 233. 
Mordaunt, Lord, 138. 
Murray, Mr. Henry, 112. 

Nantz, description of, 107. 

Navas, Don Nicolas, 231. 

Needham, Doctor Jasper, 255. 

Neito, Mr. Nicholas, 233. 

Nevill, Henry, 124. 

New Years' Gifts, and fees thereon, 162. 

Newport, Mr. Francis, 164. 188. 214. 

, Lord, 164. 

Neuce, William, Esq. 49. 
Nica, Marquess of, 151. 
Nicholas, Sir Edward, 109, 132. 
.Norris, ]Mr. 129. 



INDEX. 327 

Norton, Lady, 83. 
Norwich, Earl of, 104. 

O'Brien, Lady Elkenna, 86. 

— ■ , Lady Honor, 92. 

Orange, Prince of, 85. 

, Princess of, 109. 

Ormond, Duke of, 86. 90, 91. 129. 133. 135. 

, Duchess of, 50. 135,136. 

, Marchioness of, 81. 

Oropesa, Conde de, 272. 

Oxford, description of, wMlsl the King was there, 57. 

Paima, Countess de, 154. 
Palmer, Sir Gefferey, 56. 

, Mr. 70. 

Pantheon, where the Kings of Spain are interred, description of, 198. 

303. 
Pardo, the, near Madrid, description of, 195. 
Paris, improper conduct of the English at, 109. 
Parker, Mr. 233. 
Parkhurst, Sir William, 65. 
Parry, Mr. 229. 
Paston, Francis, 233. 
Pastrana, Duke of, 235. 
Patricio, Father, 231. 

Peacock, , 233. 

Pedro, Don, 144. 154. 

Pembroke, Earl of, 122. 139. 

Penaranda, Conde de, 221. 235. 302. 

Peterborough, Earl of, 150. 

Philip II. of Spain, husband of Queen Mary of England, 195. 

Philip IV. See Spain. 

Picture of Charles II. as a child, noticed, which is considered to 

have been unique, 132 ; another in his robes of the Garter, 137. 
Pictures. See Titian. 
Pimentel, Don Antonio de, Governor of Cadiz, 172, 173, 174. 265, 

266. 



328 INDEX. 

Place, Mr. 233. 

Plague, notices of the, at Bristol, 70 ; at Gal way, 93. 

Plough, a new one alluded to, 295. 

Plymouth, Sir Richard Fanshawe's reception at, 140. 

, JVIayor and Aldermen of, 140. 

Pommes, Madame de, 76. 

Pope's Nuncio, the, 196. 218. 287. 

Porter, Mrs. 157. 

, Major, 157. 

Portman, Sir William, 139. 

Portsmouth, Sir Richard Fanshawe's reception at, and made a 

Freeman of, 165. 
, Mayor of, 165. 

, Lieutenant-Govornor of, 165. 

, the town of, fired into by two Dutch men-of-war, 80. 
Portugal, King of, 143, 144. 152, 153. 

, Queen of, 142 to 145. 154. 163. 230. 

Poyntz, Sir Robert [James], 39. 41. 

Prayers written by Lady Fanshawe, 219. 240 ; those used in the 

Chapel of Sir Richard when Ambassador in Spain, 311. 
Price, Mr. John, 214, 215. 227. 229. 243. 

, Sir Herbert, 133. 

Princess Royal of England, 109. 129. 

Proclamation of Charles II. King 'of Spain, ceremony of the, 225. 

303. 
Prodgers, Mr. 103. 
Pyman, Henry, 233. 

Queen of England, the, 134 to 137. 159. 161. 163. 244. 247, 248. 

250. 
Queen-mother of England, the, 63. 68. 70. 76. 83. 108, 161, 163, 

244, 245. 247. 254. 

Rawdon, Sir Marmaduke, QQ. 
Red Abbey, near Cork, 86. 
Requests, Master of, 132. 162. 

Restoration, description of the King's Return to England, at the, 
130. 



INDEX. 

Ribbons worn by the Queen on her marriage, cut into pieces, and 

distributed as favours, 136. 
Rich, Wilham, 233. 
Ridgley, Dr. 121. 
Righton, Mr. 233. 
Rivers, Countess of, 54. 67. 
Robinson, Captain, 141. 
Rocca, Don Pedro, 194. 
Rooks, Mr. 241, 246. 
Roscommon, Earl of, 90 ; account of his extraordinary death, 

91. 
Rue, Thomas, 233. 
Rupert, Prince, 85. 87. 
Russell, Richard, 233. 

, Lady, 51. 

Ryder, , 29, 30. 

Santa Cruz, Marquisate of, 266. 
Santa Graca, Countess of, 154. 
Saint Albans, Lord, 75. 
St. Estevan, Conde de, 184. 
St. Germain, Duke of, 186. 284. 
St. Lawrence, Conde de, 141. 
St. Lucar, Duke of, 273. 
St. Sebastian, description of, 105. 
Salinas, Marquess of, 277. . 
Salisbury, Earl of, 54. 

, Bishop of, 139. 

Sande, Marquess de, 135. 298. 

Sanderson, Dr. 56. 

Sandwich, Earl of, 81. 226. 228. 232, 233. 238, 239. 243, 244. 

304, et seq. 
Sandys, family of, 54.^ 
Savoy, Duke of, 220. 283. 
Schomberg, Count, 142. 
Scilly, description of, 74. 
Scott, Sir John, 39, 40. 
Seale, Mr. 141. 



330 INDKX. 

Seville, Sir Richard Fanshawe's reception at, and description o(, 

179.267. 
Shaftesbuiy, Earl of, 248. 
Shatbolt, Mr. 53. 

Sheldon, Ur. Bishop of London, 255. 
Shere, IVJr. 233. 
Sherwood, Friar, 61. 
Siete Chimeneas, appointed for Sir Richard Fanshawe's residence, 

and dispute about it, 194, el se(]. 293, 294. 
Skelton, Sir .lohn, 140. 
Sjanning, Sir Nicholas, 72. 
Sniythe, Customer, 2. 38. 

, his Sons, 39. 

, Note relative to his family, 39. 

, Mr. 214. 

Sousa, Antonio de, 142. 

, Don Joam de, 144. 

Southampton, Earl of, 248. 

Southwell, Sir Robert, 150. 232. 311. 

Spain, general description of, 208 to 214. 

, Philip IV. Kmg of, 90. 102. 104. 186. 191, 192. 203. 217. 

279.297.300, 301. 

, death and funeral of, 220 to 224. 302. 

, Prince of, 203. 297. 300. 

, Charles II. King of, 221. 225. 227. 238. 303, 304. 

, Queen of, 192 to 249. 280. 302. 

——-, ceremony of proclaiming the Kings of, 225. 303. 

Spanish Army defeated by the Portuguese, 218. 

Sparks, Mr. executed at Madrid for the murder of Askew, 103. 

207. 
StraflFord, Earl of, 83. 118. 
Strangford, Lord, 2. 39, 40. 59. 156, 157. 
Steward, Dr. 112. 128, 
Stuard, Mr. 232. 
Sumiller de Corps, 223, 224. 

Tarret, Mr. 246. 

Terne, [misprinted Fnne,] Captain, 165, 



INDEX. 331 



Thomond, Earl of, 92. 
Thompson, Allion, 233. 

Thornhill, , 60. 

Thynne, Lady Isabel, 67. 
Tinoco, Don Diego, wife of, 234. 
Titian, pictures by, 199, 200. 248. 
Toison d'Or, The, 298. 
Toledo, Governor of, 184, 185, 186. 

, his wife, 185, 186. 

. , Cardinal of, 221. 

, Archbishop of, 207. 302. 

, reception at, 184. 

Toniars, a painter, 27. 

Torres Vedras, Countess of, 233. 

Trucifal, Marchioness of, 233. 

, Marquess of, 230. 242. 

Turner, Sir Edward, 163, 164. 188. 308. 

, Lady, 160. 

. Sir Edmund, 53. 119. 163. 214. 255, 

, Edmund, Esq. 24. 

Tyler, Mr. 139. 

Utber, Captain, 165. 173. 
Utrera, Corregidor of, 179. 
— ' , reception at, 179. 267. 

Vane, Sir Henry, 116. 

Van Tromp, 266. 

Velada, Marquess of, 3D2. 

Veleam, Mr. 233. 

Vellon money reduced in value, 196. 291. 

Veloz, Marquess de lez, 227. 

Venetian Ambassador, 194. 281 to 286. 

Villa Franca, Countess of, 151. 

Villiers, Lord Francis, 81. 

Waller, Mr. the Poet, 83. 

. Mrs. 85. 



332 INDEX. 

Walley, Dr. 56. 

Walter, Sir William, 45. 

Warrington, Francis, 233. 

Warwick, Sir Philip, 46. 78. 120. 244. 252. 307. 

Waters, Mr. 112. 

Wats, Sir John, 161. 

Weeden, Mr. 229. 232. 241 . 304, 305- 

Weir, Jonathan, 255. 

Westminster, Dean of, 139. 

White, Mr. 243. 

Williams. Thomas, 233. 

Williamson, Joseph, 310. 

Wilton, the seat of the Earl of Pembroke, 139. 

Winchester, Bishop of, 159. 162. , 

Windebank, Secretary, 2. 62, 63, 108. 

Windsor Castle, Constable of, 138. 

Winston, Dr. 51. 

Winter, Sir John, 245. 

Wolstenholme, Sir John, 54. 

, Lady, 50. 

Woodcock, Sir Thomas, 138. 
Worcester, Marquess of, 71. 95, 96. 

, Marchioness of, 71. 

, battle of, 113. 

Worden, Mr. 232. 

Wray, Sir John, 45.218. 

Wright, Sir Benjamin, Bart. 164. 188. 193. 

Wycherley, Mr. 188. 214. 

Xeres, Corregidor of, 177. 
, reception at, 177. 

York, Duke of, 129. 162, 163. 245. 247, 248. 

, Duchess of, 163. 245. 247. 

Youne, ', 115, 116. 120. 



LONDON: PRIiNTED BY SAMUEL BENTLEY, DORSET STREE'I 



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